再生砖骨料负载微生物对水泥基材料裂缝自修复的影响

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0871

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微生物诱导矿化沉淀（MICP）应用于水泥基材料中时，主要利用微生物与钙源发生反应生成碳酸钙，实现水泥基材料裂缝的自修复。然而，MICP实际应用受到微生物生存环境的限制。本文使用再生砖骨料（RBA）作为载体材料，探究了RBA负载Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺诱导下的微生物对水泥基材料裂缝的自修复效果，并采用电感耦合等离子体（ICP）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等现代测试手段，对影响机理进行了探讨。结果表明：Mg²⁺的加入在一定范围内提高了微生物的矿化率；RBA掺量为60%（质量分数）时，水泥基材料强度受到的影响较小。裂缝初始宽度110.98 μm的试件裂缝修复率达到97.7%，吸水率降低63.6%；裂缝初始宽度167.61 μm的试件裂缝修复率可达96.4%，吸水率降低76.4%。当水泥基材料产生裂缝时，微生物的诱导矿化作用产生的碳酸钙沉淀可有效填充试件裂缝，实现水泥基材料裂缝的自修复效果。

关键词: 水泥基材料, 再生砖骨料, 负载, 微生物, 诱导矿化, 裂缝, 自修复

Abstract:

Microbial-induced mineralization precipitation （MICP） is applied in cement-based materials primarily by utilizing microorganisms to react with calcium sources to generate calcium carbonate， thereby achieving the self-healing of cracks in cement-based materials. However， practical application of MICP is limited by the living environment of microorganisms. In this study， recycled brick aggregate （RBA） was used as the carrier material to investigate the crack self-healing effect of microorganisms on cement-based materials under the induction of Ca2?/Mg2? loaded on RBA. Modern testing methods such as inductively coupled plasma （ICP）， X-ray diffraction （XRD）， and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were adopted to systematically explore the effect mechanism. The results show that the addition of Mg²⁺ increases mineralization rate of microorganisms within a certain range. When the RBA content is 60% （mass fraction）， it has little effect on the strength of cement-based materials. The crack healing rate of the crack initial width 110.98 μm specimen reaches 97.7%， and the water absorption rate decreases by 63.6%. The crack healing rate of the crack initial width 167.61 μm specimen can reaches 96.4%， and the water absorption rate decreases by 76.4%. When cement-based material generates cracks， the calcium carbonate precipitation generated by the induced mineralization of microorganisms can effectively fill the cracks， ultimately realizing the self-healing of cracks in cement-based materials.

Key words: cement-based material, recycled brick aggregate, load, microbial, induced mineralization, crack, self-healing

中图分类号:

TU528

赵晓萌, 宗旭东, 杨义杰, 王杰, 杜明星, 冯春花. 再生砖骨料负载微生物对水泥基材料裂缝自修复的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(2): 426-436.

ZHAO Xiaomeng, ZONG Xudong, YANG Yijie, WANG Jie, DU Mingxing, FENG Chunhua. Effect of Recycled Brick Aggregate Loaded with Microorganisms on Crack Self-Healing of Cement-Based Materials[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(2): 426-436.

图/表 13

图1 RBA的XRD谱及RBA与NA的级配曲线

Fig.1 XRD pattern of RBA and gradation curves of RBA， NA

表1 BS矿化培养液配方

Table 1 Formula of mineralization culture medium for BS

Group	Ca²⁺ concentration/（mmol·L^-1）	Mg²⁺ concentration/（mmol·L^-1）	Peptone concentration/（g·L^-1）	Yeast concentration/（g·L^-1）	BS concentration/（CFU·L^-1）
Control	50	0	5	3	10¹²
1	50	50	5	3	10¹²
3	50	17	5	3	10¹²
5	50	10	5	3	10¹²
7	50	7	5	3	10¹²
9	50	5.5	5	3	10¹²

图2 自修复试件裂缝制作过程

Fig.2 Process of making crack in self-healing specimen

图3 不同Ca/Mg摩尔比下矿化培养液中的矿化率及物相分析

Fig.3 Mineralization rate and mineral phase analysis in mineralization culture medium under different Ca/Mg molar ratios

表2 各组方解石中MgCO3含量及矿物相分类

Table 2 MgCO3 content in calcite of each group and classification of mineral phases

Ca/Mg molar ratio	d/Å	MgCO₃ content （molar fration）/%	Classification of mineral phase
Control	3.036	0	Calcite
1	3.031	1.63	Low-magnesium calcite
3	3.035	0.51	Low-magnesium calcite
5	3.036	0.07	Low-magnesium calcite
7	3.036	0.03	Low-magnesium calcite
9	3.035	0.33	Low-magnesium calcite

图4 RBA掺量对试件抗压强度的影响

Fig.4 Effect of RBA dosage on compressive strength of specimens

图5 各组载体材料对水泥基材料抗压强度的影响

Fig.5 Effects of various carrier materials on compressive strength of cement-based materials

图6 各组裂缝修复效果图及二值化图像

Fig.6 Graphs and binarized images of crack healing effect in each group

图7 不同宽度裂缝的修复率

Fig.7 Healing rate of cracks with different widths

表3 28 d时各组裂缝修复数量

Table 3 Number of crack healing in each group at 28 d

Crack intial width/μm		［0，100）	［100，200）	［200，300）	［300，400）	［400，∞）
Group B	Number of crack	1	9	12	1	6
Group B	Number of healing	1	7	4	0	0
Group C	Number of crack	3	9	8	4	2
Group C	Number of healing	3	7	2	0	0

图8 各组试件修复后的毛细吸水率

Fig.8 Capillary water absorption rate after healing for each group of specimens

图9 裂缝处填充物质的SEM照片与EDS谱

Fig.9 SEM image and EDS spectrum of filler material at cracks

图10 裂缝修复过程示意图

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of crack healing process

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