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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 3174-3186.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0324

• 资源综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

多源固废基地聚物混凝土优化设计及抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能研究

孔令海1,2(), 梁根福1,2, 黄业2, 何训林2, 章本本3, 罗正东4()   

  1. 1.中交第三公路工程局有限公司,北京 101304
    2.中交三公局第三工程有限公司,武汉 430033
    3.东南大学交通学院,南京 211189
    4.湘潭大学土木工程学院,湘潭 411105
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-08 修订日期:2026-04-28 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-10-09
  • 通信作者: 罗正东,博士,副教授。E-mail:luozhengdong0425@163.com
  • 作者简介:孔令海(1985—),男,高级工程师。主要从事新型低碳建筑材料的研究。E-mail:2449333748@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ50008);湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(25A0143);2024年度湖北省建设科技计划项目(JK20240113);2024年度湖北省建设科技计划项目(JK20240114)

Optimization Design and Sulfate Resistance Performance of Multi-Source Solid Waste-Based Geopolymer Concrete

KONG Linghai1,2(), LIANG Genfu1,2, HUANG Ye2, HE Xunlin2, ZHANG Benben3, LUO Zhengdong4()   

  1. 1.CCCC Third Highway Engineering Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 101304,China
    2.Third Engineering Co. ,Ltd. of CCCC Third Highway Engineering Co. ,Ltd. ,Wuhan 430033,China
    3.School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China
    4.School of Civil Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China
  • Received:2026-04-08 Revised:2026-04-28 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-10-09

摘要:

针对普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土碳排放高、在硫酸盐环境下耐久性不足的问题,本研究以矿渣、粉煤灰和钢渣为复合前驱体,制备多源固废基地聚物混凝土。通过正交试验并结合灰色关联分析进行辅助评价,研究了钢渣掺量、碱激发剂模数、碱激发剂掺量和外加水胶比对地聚物混凝土抗压强度的影响规律,并确定了最优配合比。在此基础上,开展硫酸盐干湿循环试验,结合质量变化、抗压强度耐蚀系数、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段,分析多源固废基地聚物混凝土的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能与损伤机制。结果表明,各因素对地聚物混凝土抗压强度的影响程度由大到小依次为碱激发剂模数、碱激发剂掺量、外加水胶比、钢渣掺量,最优配合比为钢渣掺量20%(质量分数)、碱激发剂模数1.2、碱激发剂掺量50%(质量分数)、外加水胶比0.40。经150次硫酸盐干湿循环后,多源固废基地聚物混凝土的抗压强度耐蚀系数为80%,高于普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土,质量变化率仅为-0.6%。微观结构分析表明:普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土的劣化主要与石膏和钙矾石等膨胀性产物生成有关,这些产物持续累积导致内部微裂纹萌生、扩展与结构剥落;而多源固废基地聚物混凝土中未观察到明显可识别的石膏和钙矾石特征峰,其损伤主要表现为硫酸钠结晶诱导的局部微裂纹及界面区轻微疏松,未形成以大量膨胀性硫酸盐产物累积为主的快速破坏。研究结果可为多源固废基地聚物混凝土在硫酸盐侵蚀环境下的工程应用提供参考。

关键词: 多源固废, 地聚物混凝土, 优化设计, 力学性能, 抗硫酸盐侵蚀, 灰色关联分析

Abstract:

To address the problems of high carbon emissions and insufficient durability of ordinary Portland cement concrete in sulfate-rich environments, this study used slag, fly ash and steel slag as composite precursors to prepare multi-source solid waste-based geopolymer concrete. Through orthogonal tests combined with grey relational analysis for auxiliary evaluation, the influences of steel slag dosage, alkali activator modulus, alkali activator dosage and external water-to-binder ratio on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete were investigated, and the optimal mix proportion was determined. On this basis, sulfate wet-dry cycling tests were carried out, and combined with mass change, compressive strength corrosion resistance coefficient, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the sulfate resistance performance and damage mechanism of the multi-source solid waste-based geopolymer concrete were analyzed. The results show that the influence degree of the factors on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete, in descending order, is alkali activator modulus, alkali activator dosage, external water-to-binder ratio, steel slag dosage. The optimal mix proportion is steel slag dosage of 20% (mass fraction), alkali activator modulus of 1.2, alkali activator dosage of 50% (mass fraction), and external water-to-binder ratio of 0.40. After 150 sulfate wet-dry cycles, the compressive strength corrosion resistance coefficient of the multi-source solid waste-based geopolymer concrete reaches 80%, which is higher than that of ordinary Portland cement concrete, and the mass change rate is only -0.6%. Microstructural analysis shows that the deterioration of ordinary Portland cement concrete is mainly related to the formation of expansive products such as gypsum and ettringite, and their continuous accumulation leads to the initiation and propagation of internal microcracks and structural spalling. In contrast, no obvious identifiable characteristic peaks of gypsum or ettringite are observed in the multi-source solid waste-based geopolymer concrete, and its damage is mainly manifested as local microcracks induced by sodium sulfate crystallization and slight loosening of the interfacial zone, without forming rapid deterioration dominated by the accumulation of a large amount of expansive sulfate products. The research results can provide a reference for the engineering application of multi-source solid waste-based geopolymer concrete in sulfate erosion environments.

Key words: multi-source solid waste, geopolymer concrete, optimized design, mechanical performance, sulfate resistance, grey relational analysis

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