硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 2782-2793.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0154
冯俊杰1,2(
), 李毅霄1, 马艳3, 耿圣涵4, 申星月1, 严少洋1,2, 王新武1,4(
), 刘琦1,2(
)
收稿日期:2026-02-13
修订日期:2026-03-23
出版日期:2026-08-15
发布日期:2026-09-01
通信作者:
王新武,博士,教授。E-mail:lywxw518@163.com作者简介:冯俊杰(1987—),男,博士,讲师。主要从事绿色混凝土材料的研究。E-mail:junjiefeng@lit.edu.cn
基金资助:
FENG Junjie1,2(
), LI Yixiao1, MA Yan3, GENG Shenghan4, SHEN Xingyue1, YAN Shaoyang1,2, WANG Xinwu1,4(
), LIU Qi1,2(
)
Received:2026-02-13
Revised:2026-03-23
Published:2026-08-15
Online:2026-09-01
摘要:
针对超高性能混凝土(UHPC)生产过程中存在的高碳排放和高能耗问题,提出钼尾矿粉-砂协同利用策略,旨在实现钼尾矿全组分高值化利用。基于颗粒最紧密堆积理论和湿堆积密度法优化配合比,采用机械活化钼尾矿粉替代胶凝材料、钼尾矿砂替代石英砂,制备钼尾矿生态型UHPC,并探究其性能与综合效益。结果表明,单掺钼尾矿粉不超过30%(质量分数)或钼尾矿砂不超过75%(质量分数)时,UHPC兼具良好的工作性能、较高的抗压强度和致密的孔结构。当复掺20%(质量分数)钼尾矿粉与75%(质量分数)钼尾矿砂时,生态型UHPC坍落扩展度为585 mm,满足施工流动性要求;抗压强度为154.8 MPa,较基准组(未掺钼尾矿)提高3.1%;钼尾矿资源化利用率达48.8%;单位体积单位强度下的碳排放、能耗和成本较基准组分别降低17.5%、14.9%和30.6%。研究结果可为UHPC低碳制备与钼尾矿高值化转化提供参考。
中图分类号:
冯俊杰, 李毅霄, 马艳, 耿圣涵, 申星月, 严少洋, 王新武, 刘琦. 钼尾矿生态型超高性能混凝土性能及综合效益研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(8): 2782-2793.
FENG Junjie, LI Yixiao, MA Yan, GENG Shenghan, SHEN Xingyue, YAN Shaoyang, WANG Xinwu, LIU Qi. Performance and Comprehensive Benefit of Eco-Friendly Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Molybdenum Tailings[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(8): 2782-2793.
| Raw material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | CaO | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | Na2O | K2O | SO3 | LOI | |
| Cement | 19.38 | 63.07 | 4.58 | 3.28 | 2.79 | 0.18 | 1.03 | 0.25 | 1.54 |
| Silica fume | 95.11 | 0.52 | 1.21 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.17 | 1.32 |
| Fly ash cenospheres | 45.10 | 5.60 | 24.20 | 8.85 | 1.61 | 1.52 | 0.11 | 2.10 | 1.80 |
| Quartz sand | 99.20 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — |
| Molybdenum tailings | 57.81 | 13.12 | 8.53 | 8.64 | 2.34 | 1.68 | 2.16 | 2.27 | 2.42 |
表1 原材料的主要化学成分
Table 1 Main chemical composition of raw materials
| Raw material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | CaO | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | Na2O | K2O | SO3 | LOI | |
| Cement | 19.38 | 63.07 | 4.58 | 3.28 | 2.79 | 0.18 | 1.03 | 0.25 | 1.54 |
| Silica fume | 95.11 | 0.52 | 1.21 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.17 | 1.32 |
| Fly ash cenospheres | 45.10 | 5.60 | 24.20 | 8.85 | 1.61 | 1.52 | 0.11 | 2.10 | 1.80 |
| Quartz sand | 99.20 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — |
| Molybdenum tailings | 57.81 | 13.12 | 8.53 | 8.64 | 2.34 | 1.68 | 2.16 | 2.27 | 2.42 |
| Sample group | MTP content/% | MTS content/% | Mix proportion/(kg·m-3) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Silica fume | Fly ash cenospheres | MTP | Quartz sand | MTS | Steel fibers | Water | Superplasticizer | |||
| Ref. | 0 | 0 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP10 | 10 | 0 | 644 | 149 | 198 | 110 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP20 | 20 | 0 | 572 | 132 | 176 | 220 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP30 | 30 | 0 | 501 | 116 | 154 | 330 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP40 | 40 | 0 | 429 | 99 | 132 | 440 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS25 | 0 | 25 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 908 | 303 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS50 | 0 | 50 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 605 | 605 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS75 | 0 | 75 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 303 | 908 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS100 | 0 | 100 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 0 | 1 210 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
表2 试验用UHPC配合比
Table 2 Mix proportion of UHPC for tests
| Sample group | MTP content/% | MTS content/% | Mix proportion/(kg·m-3) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Silica fume | Fly ash cenospheres | MTP | Quartz sand | MTS | Steel fibers | Water | Superplasticizer | |||
| Ref. | 0 | 0 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP10 | 10 | 0 | 644 | 149 | 198 | 110 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP20 | 20 | 0 | 572 | 132 | 176 | 220 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP30 | 30 | 0 | 501 | 116 | 154 | 330 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP40 | 40 | 0 | 429 | 99 | 132 | 440 | 1 210 | 0 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS25 | 0 | 25 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 908 | 303 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS50 | 0 | 50 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 605 | 605 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS75 | 0 | 75 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 303 | 908 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTS100 | 0 | 100 | 715 | 165 | 220 | 0 | 0 | 1 210 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| Sample group | Mix proportion/(kg·m-3) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Silica fume | Fly ash cenospheres | MTP | Quartz sand | MTS | Steel fibers | Water | Superplasticizer | |
| MTP20MTS50 | 572 | 132 | 176 | 220 | 605 | 605 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP20MTS75 | 572 | 132 | 176 | 220 | 303 | 908 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP30MTS50 | 501 | 116 | 154 | 330 | 605 | 605 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP30MTS75 | 501 | 116 | 154 | 330 | 303 | 908 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
表3 钼尾矿生态型UHPC配合比
Table 3 Mix proportion of eco-friendly UHPC with molybdenum tailings
| Sample group | Mix proportion/(kg·m-3) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Silica fume | Fly ash cenospheres | MTP | Quartz sand | MTS | Steel fibers | Water | Superplasticizer | |
| MTP20MTS50 | 572 | 132 | 176 | 220 | 605 | 605 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP20MTS75 | 572 | 132 | 176 | 220 | 303 | 908 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP30MTS50 | 501 | 116 | 154 | 330 | 605 | 605 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| MTP30MTS75 | 501 | 116 | 154 | 330 | 303 | 908 | 156 | 165 | 28 |
| Raw material | CO2 emission/(kgCO2·kg-1) | Energy consumption/(MJ·kg-1) | Unit price/(yuan·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | 0.830 | 5.750 | 0.8 |
| Silica fume | 0.150 | 0.160 | 1.5 |
| Fly ash cenospheres | 0.010 | 0.100 | 0.8 |
| MTP | 0.006 | 0.084 | 0.15 |
| Quartz sand | 0.010 | 0.539 | 1.0 |
| Steel fibers | 1.490 | 35.300 | 7.0 |
| Superplasticizer | 0.750 | 11.180 | 6.0 |
表4 原材料CO2排放、能耗和单价[6,22?23]
Table 4 CO2 emission, energy consumption and unit price of raw material[6,22?23]
| Raw material | CO2 emission/(kgCO2·kg-1) | Energy consumption/(MJ·kg-1) | Unit price/(yuan·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | 0.830 | 5.750 | 0.8 |
| Silica fume | 0.150 | 0.160 | 1.5 |
| Fly ash cenospheres | 0.010 | 0.100 | 0.8 |
| MTP | 0.006 | 0.084 | 0.15 |
| Quartz sand | 0.010 | 0.539 | 1.0 |
| Steel fibers | 1.490 | 35.300 | 7.0 |
| Superplasticizer | 0.750 | 11.180 | 6.0 |
| Sample group | EC/(kgCO2·m-3) | EE/(MJ·m-3) | CI/[kg·(MPa‧m3)-1] | EI/[MJ·(MPa‧m3)-1] | CEI/[yuan·(MPa‧m3)-1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ref. | 885.57 | 10 626.09 | 5.90 | 70.81 | 23.07 |
| MTP20MTS50 | 756.76 | 9 486.55 | 6.04 | 75.71 | 21.96 |
| MTP20MTS75 | 753.73 | 9 323.50 | 4.87 | 60.25 | 16.02 |
| MTP30MTS50 | 695.38 | 9 079.82 | 5.62 | 73.39 | 21.57 |
| MTP30MTS75 | 692.35 | 8 916.77 | 5.42 | 69.84 | 18.77 |
表5 钼尾矿生态型UHPC的材料可持续性指标和成本指标
Table 5 Material sustainability indicators and cost indicators of eco-friendly UHPC with molybdenum tailings
| Sample group | EC/(kgCO2·m-3) | EE/(MJ·m-3) | CI/[kg·(MPa‧m3)-1] | EI/[MJ·(MPa‧m3)-1] | CEI/[yuan·(MPa‧m3)-1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ref. | 885.57 | 10 626.09 | 5.90 | 70.81 | 23.07 |
| MTP20MTS50 | 756.76 | 9 486.55 | 6.04 | 75.71 | 21.96 |
| MTP20MTS75 | 753.73 | 9 323.50 | 4.87 | 60.25 | 16.02 |
| MTP30MTS50 | 695.38 | 9 079.82 | 5.62 | 73.39 | 21.57 |
| MTP30MTS75 | 692.35 | 8 916.77 | 5.42 | 69.84 | 18.77 |
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