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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 2324-2334.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0034

• 水泥混凝土 • 上一篇    下一篇

水泥基材料中高吸水树脂吸水行为的敏感性研究

杨进1,2(), 刘潇1,2, 贺行洋1,2(), 苏英1,2, 王金付3   

  1. 1.湖北工业大学中国-埃塞俄比亚土木工程绿色建造与智能运维“一带一路”联合实验室,武汉 430068
    2.湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境学院,武汉 430068
    3.中国建筑第八工程局有限公司,武汉 433000
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-11 修订日期:2026-02-09 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-08-13
  • 通信作者: 贺行洋,博士,教授。E-mail:hexycn@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨 进(1989—),男,博士,教授。主要从事新型低碳与功能型水泥基材料的研究。E-mail:jinyang@hbut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2025YFE0213000);国家自然科学基金(52172017);国家自然科学基金(51902095)

Sensitivity of Absorption Behavior of Superabsorbent Polymers in Cementitious Materials

YANG Jin1,2(), LIU Xiao1,2, HE Xingyang1,2(), SU Ying1,2, WANG Jinfu3   

  1. 1.China-Ethiopia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Civil Engineering Green Construction,Intelligent Operation and Maintenance,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China
    2.School of Civil Engineering,Architecture and Environment,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China
    3.China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China
  • Received:2026-01-11 Revised:2026-02-09 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-08-13

摘要:

为系统研究高吸水树脂(SAP)在水泥基材料环境中的吸水行为差异,本文选取聚丙烯酸钠型(AA-SAP)与聚丙烯酰胺型(AM-SAP)两类典型树脂,重点考察胶凝材料类型、聚羧酸减水剂(PCE)掺量、搅拌速率、环境温度及外部压力对其吸水行为的影响。结果表明,AA-SAP借助离子型结构产生的静电斥力,吸水速率显著高于依赖氢键作用的AM-SAP。在地聚物等高离子强度孔隙液中,SAP溶胀受到明显抑制。PCE掺量对AA-SAP的吸水能力存在最佳响应区间,而AM-SAP的吸水能力随PCE掺量增加持续下降。提高搅拌速率可借助伯努利效应促进溶胀,AA-SAP响应更显著。升温能促进两类SAP的溶胀,进而提高吸水能力,外部压力则会抑制两类SAP的网络扩张,导致吸水倍率下降。SAP的吸水行为由其分子结构与外界环境共同调控,AA-SAP适用于低离子强度、中低剪切或温升条件,而AM-SAP在高离子强度、高压环境中表现出更优的稳定性。研究结果对于不同类型SAP在混凝土中的应用具有理论和实际指导意义。

关键词: 高吸水树脂, 水泥基材料, 离子型树脂, 非离子型树脂, 吸水行为, 敏感性

Abstract:

This study systematically compared the water absorption behavior in cementitious materials environments of two superabsorbent polymers (SAP): sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer (AA-SAP) and polyacrylamide superabsorbent polymer (AM-SAP). The effects of cementitious material type, polycarboxylate ether (PCE) dosage, stirring rate, ambient temperature, and external pressure were investigated. Results show that AA-SAP, due to electrostatic repulsion from its ionic structure, absorbs water significantly faster than AM-SAP, which relies on hydrogen bonding. In pore solutions of different cementitious materials, geopolymer systems most strongly suppress SAP swelling because of their high ionic strength. The water absorption capacity of AA-SAP has an optimal response range to PCE dosage, while the water absorption capacity of AM-SAP continuously decreases with increasing PCE content. Higher stirring rates, leveraging the Bernoulli effect, promote swelling, with a more pronounced response in AA-SAP. Elevated temperature enhances the swelling of the two types of SAPs and thus improves water absorption capacity, while external pressure suppresses the network expansion of the two types of SAPs, leading to a reduction in water absorption ratio. The absorption behavior of SAP is governed by both molecular structure and external environment: AA-SAP performs better under low ionic strength, low-to-medium shear, or warmer conditions, while AM-SAP shows greater stability in high ionic strength or high-pressure settings. The findings provide both theoretical insights and practical guidance for the application of different types of SAPs in concrete.

Key words: superabsorbent polymer, cementitious material, ionic polymer, non-ionic polymer, absorption behavior, sensitivity

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