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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 2041-2051.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1217

• 资源综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

多元复合固废胶凝体系的力学性能与收缩特性

程坤阳1(), 刘晓林2, 冯元3, 王彦鹏4, 张蕊1, 于本田1()   

  1. 1.兰州交通大学土木工程学院,兰州 730070
    2.凉山州公路建设服务中心,西昌,615000
    3.兰州新区融合发展建设工程有限公司,兰州 730207
    4.甘肃建投绿色建材产业发展集团有限公司,兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-04 修订日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-07-14
  • 通信作者: 于本田,博士,教授。E-mail:yubentian@mail.lzjtu.cn
  • 作者简介:程坤阳(2002—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事土木工程材料的研究。E-mail:1964332131@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52468034);甘肃省自然科学基金(24JRRA233);甘肃省高校青年博士支持项目(2025QB-037);甘肃省科技计划资助项目(25JRRA1161)

Mechanical Properties and Shrinkage Properties of Multi-Component Composite Solid Waste Cementitious Materials

CHENG Kunyang1(), LIU Xiaolin2, FENG Yuan3, WANG Yanpeng4, ZHANG Rui1, YU Bentian1()   

  1. 1.School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Liangshan Prefecture Highway Construction Service Center,Xichang,615000,China
    3.Lanzhou New Area Integrated Development Construction Engineering,Lanzhou 730207,China
    4.Gansu Construction Investment Green Building Materials Industry Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-12-04 Revised:2026-01-26 Published:2026-06-15 Online:2026-07-14

摘要:

为推进工业固废的高效再生利用并降低水泥基材料的碳排放,本文利用凝灰岩石粉、粉煤灰、矿渣粉和硅灰协同替代部分水泥,制备了多元复合固废胶凝体系。通过火山灰活性和强度指数测试筛选出4组具有高活性特征的配合比,并对其流动度、早后期强度(抗压/抗折强度)、自收缩及干燥收缩性能进行了系统测试。结合核磁共振、X射线衍射及扫描电镜,分析了材料的微观演变机制。试验表明,多元固废的引入虽导致早期强度略有降低,但显著改善了早期自收缩(降低了18.3%~29.7%)。然而,受早期水化进程延缓导致自由水蒸发增加的影响,体系的干燥收缩率有所增大(提高了44.0%~58.3%)。微观分析揭示:固废的掺入在早期稀释了熟料浓度,降低了反应速率,有利于减小自收缩;但在干燥环境中,较慢的水化导致自由水散失增加,从而增大了干燥收缩。随着龄期延长,多元固废参与二次水化,生成的凝胶产物填充了内部缺陷,显著提高了无害孔与少害孔比例,从而优化了整体孔隙结构。

关键词: 凝灰岩石粉, 工业固废, 干燥收缩, 自收缩, 力学性能, 固废利用

Abstract:

To promote the efficient recycling of industrial solid waste and reduce carbon emissions of cement-based materials, this paper utilized tuff powder, fly ash, slag powder, and silica fume to synergistically replace part of cement, preparing a novel multi-component composite solid-waste cementitious material. Four groups of high-activity mix proportion were optimized through pozzolanic activity and strength index tests. Their fluidity, early and late strength (compressive/flexural strength), autogenous shrinkage, and drying shrinkage performance were systematically tested. Combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, the micro-evolution mechanisms of the materials were deeply analyzed.Tests indicate that the introduction of multi-component solid wastes, while causing a slight reduction in early strength, significantly improves early autogenous shrinkage (reduced by 18.3% to 29.7%). However, due to the increase of free water evaporation caused by the delay of early hydration process, the drying shrinkage of the system increases (increased by 44.0% to 58.3%).Microscopic analysis reveals that the incorporation of solid waste dilutes clinker concentration in the early stage and retards reaction rates, which is conducive to reducing autogenous shrinkage. However, in drying environments, slower hydration leads to increased free water loss, thereby increasing drying shrinkage. With the extension of curing age, multi-component solid wastes participate in secondary hydration. The generated gel products fill internal defects and significantly increase the proportion of harmless and less harmful pores, thereby optimizing the overall pore structure.

Key words: tuff powder, drying shrinkage, industrial solid waste, autogenous shrinkage, mechanical property, solid waste utilization

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