微纳米气泡水对水泥稳定碎石物理力学性能影响及机理研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0990

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微纳米气泡水（MNBW）作为一种活性水，具有高比表面积和较强的分子活化能力，能够显著促进水泥基材料的早期水化。本研究将MNBW引入水泥稳定碎石混合料，通过击实试验、物理力学性能试验及微观分析（XRD、FTIR、SEM），系统研究了MNBW对水泥稳定碎石物理力学性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明：与普通拌合水相比，采用MNBW拌和的混合料的最大干密度略有提高，最佳含水率有所降低，压实特性得到优化；采用MNBW拌和的试件在不同龄期下均表现出更高的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度及弯拉强度，且早期增强效果最为显著；同时，MNBW的加入有效降低了水泥稳定碎石的吸水率，改善了材料内部孔隙结构；微观分析显示，MNBW促进了水化硅酸钙（C-S-H）凝胶、氢氧化钙（CH）等水化产物的生成，使试样内部结构更加致密。

关键词: 微纳米气泡水, 水泥稳定碎石, 水化产物, 早期强度, 力学性能

Abstract:

Micro-nano bubble water （MNBW）， as an active mixing water with a high specific surface area and strong molecular activation capability， which can effectively promote the early-age hydration process of cement-based materials. In this study， MNBW was introduced into cement-stabilized crushed stone mixtures.Through compaction tests， physical and mechanical properties as well as the microstructure of cement-stabilized crushed stone were systematically investigated through compaction tests， physical and mechanical properties tests， and microstructural analyses （XRD， FTIR， and SEM）. The results indicate that compared with ordinary mixing water， the mixture prepared with MNBW exhibits a slightly increased maximum dry density and a reduced optimum moisture content， thereby improving its compaction characteristics. MNBW-mixed specimens exhibit higher unconfined compressive strength， splitting strength， and flexural tensile strength at different curing ages， with the most pronounced enhancement observed at early ages. In addition， the incorporation of MNBW effectively reduces the water absorption rate of cement-stabilized crushed stone， indicating an improvement in the internal pore structure of the material. Microstructural analyses show that MNBW promotes the formation of hydration products such as calcium silicate hydrate （C-S-H） gel and calcium hydroxide （CH）， resulting in a denser internal structure of specimens.

Key words: micro-nano bubble water, cement-stabilized crushed stone, hydration product, early-age strength, mechanical property

中图分类号:

U414

谢祥兵, 贾亚鹏, 李程, 侯博研, 张雁翔, 万赈民, 邵景干. 微纳米气泡水对水泥稳定碎石物理力学性能影响及机理研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(5): 1838-1850.

XIE Xiangbing, JIA Yapeng, LI Cheng, HOU Boyan, ZHANG Yanxiang, WAN Zhenmin, SHAO Jinggan. Influence and Mechanism of Micro-Nano Bubble Water on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Stabilized Crushed Stone[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(5): 1838-1850.

图/表 17

表1 水泥的主要化学成分

Table 1 Main chemical composition of cement

Chemical composition	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	MgO	SO₃	TiO₂	K₂O	Na₂O
Mass fraction/%	62.31	21.42	7.54	1.21	2.03	0.20	0.91	0.57

表2 集料的技术指标

Table 2 Technical properties of aggregates

Particle size/mm	Apparent density/（g·cm^-3）	Crush value/%	Water absorption rate/%	Needle-like mass fraction/%
［0，2.36）	2.75	—	—	—
［2.36，4.75）	2.76	—	—	—
［4.75，9.50）	2.81	—	1.24	9.40
［9.50，19.00）	2.82	19.60	1.12	11.50
［19.00，31.50）	2.82	—	1.02	10.20

图1 MNBW制备流程及丁达尔效应

Fig.1 Preparation process and Tyndall effect of MNBW

图2 MNBW和DW中的微纳米气泡特征

Fig.2 Characteristics of micro-nano bubbles in MNBW and DW

表3 集料级配

Table 3 Aggregate gradation

Grading type		Mass percentage through different sizes of sieve/%
Grading type		31.50	19.00	9.50	4.75	2.36	0.60	0.08
CB-1	Standard requires	100	82~86	53~62	35~45	22~31	8~15	2~5
CB-1	Test grading curve	100	83.0	61.0	40.4	29.0	14.0	3.5
CB-3	Standard requires	100	68~86	38~58	22~32	16~28	8~15	0~3
CB-3	Test grading curve	100	78.0	50.3	31.0	25.6	11.6	2.5

图3 圆柱形试件和梁式试件制备流程

Fig.3 Preparation process of cylindrical specimen and beam specimen

表4 最大干密度与最佳含水率

Table 4 Maximum dry density and optimum moisture content

Cement content/％	Grading type	Maximum dry density/（g·cm^-3）		Optimum moisture content/%
Cement content/％	Grading type	DW	MNBW	DW	MNBW
4.0	CB-1	2.400	2.414	5.16	5.00
4.0	CB-3	2.409	2.425	5.03	4.87
4.5	CB-1	2.415	2.426	5.30	5.17
4.5	CB-3	2.421	2.435	5.21	5.02
5.0	CB-1	2.428	2.436	5.50	5.27
5.0	CB-3	2.432	2.447	5.31	5.12

图4 不同水泥掺量试件3 d无侧限抗压强度试验结果

Fig.4 3 d unconfined compressive strength test results of specimen with different cement content

图5 CB-1和CB-3型级配无侧限抗压强度

Fig.5 Unconfined compressive strength of CB-1 and CB-3 gradations

图6 CB-1和CB-3型级配劈裂强度

Fig.6 Splitting strength of CB-1 and CB-3 gradations

图7 CB-1和CB-3型级配弯拉强度

Fig.7 Flexural tensile strength of CB-1 and CB-3 gradations

图8 CB-1和CB-3型级配吸水率

Fig.8 Water absorption rate of CB-1 and CB-3 gradations

图9 DW和MNBW水泥净浆XRD谱（3、7、28 d）

Fig 9 XRD patterns of DW and MNBW cement pastes（3，7，28 d）

图10 DW和MNBW水泥净浆FTIR谱（3、7、28 d）

Fig.10 FTIR spectra of DW and MNBW cement pastes （3，7，28 d）

图11 DW和MNBW水泥稳定碎石的7 d的SEM照片

Fig.11 SEM images of DW and MNBW cement-stabilized crushed stone at 7 d

图12 MNBW水泥稳定碎石的28 d的SEM照片

Fig.12 SEM images of MNBW cement-stabilized crushed stone at 28 d

图13 DW和MNBW水泥稳定碎石的7、28 d的SEM照片和EDS能谱

Fig.13 SEM images and EDS spectra of DW and MNBW cement-stabilized crushed stone at 7 and 28 d

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