二氧化硅改性环氧涂层的制备及其对钢筋的防护性能研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高环氧树脂（EP）涂层在钢筋防护中的综合性能，针对其脆性大、孔隙率高及界面结合力弱等问题，本研究采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（γ-APS）改性纳米SiO₂，制备了氨基功能化纳米SiO₂（NH₂-SiO₂），并将其引入环氧树脂中，制备NH₂-SiO₂/EP复合涂层。通过FTIR、TGA和XPS等分析证实，氨基官能团通过化学键合成功接枝于SiO₂表面，纳米颗粒在环氧基体中的分散性与界面相容性显著提升。SEM与EDS分析表明，当NH₂-SiO₂掺量为3%（质量分数）时，颗粒分布均匀，涂层致密性最佳。研究表明，3%-NH₂-SiO₂/EP复合涂层的拉伸强度较纯环氧树脂提高约75%，最大载荷达2.2 kN；摩擦系数由0.97降低至0.77，耐磨性能显著提升。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）表明，在3.5% NaCl混凝土模拟腐蚀溶液中浸泡3 d后，该涂层的阻抗模量仍保持在1×10¹¹ Ω·cm²以上，该涂层表现出优异的防腐性能。本研究为高性能钢筋防腐涂层的设计与应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 环氧树脂, γ-APS, 二氧化硅, 表面改性, 力学性能, 耐磨性能, 防腐性能, 电化学阻抗

Abstract:

To enhance the comprehensive performance of epoxy resin （EP） coatings in steel reinforcement protection， this study addressed issues such as high brittleness， high porosity， and weak interfacial bonding.Nano-SiO₂ （NH₂-SiO₂） was modified by γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane （γ-APS） to prepare amino functional nano-SiO₂， which was introduced into epoxy resin to prepare NH₂-SiO₂/EP composite coating.FTIR， TGA， and XPS analyses confirm successful modification： amino functional groups are successfully grafted on the surface of SiO₂ by chemical bonding， improving dispersion and interfacial compatibility of nanoparticles in epoxy matrix. SEM and EDS analysis reveal optimal coating density with uniform particle distribution at 3%（mass fraction） NH₂-SiO₂ content. Research indicates that the 3%-NH₂-SiO₂/EP composite coating exhibits approximately 75% higher tensile strength than pure epoxy resin， and the maximum load is 2.2 kN； while reducing coefficient of friction from 0.97 to 0.77， demonstrating significant wear resistance improvement. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） results indicate that the coating maintained impedance modulus is still above 1×10¹¹ Ω·cm² after 3 d immersion in 3.5%NaCl concrete simulated corrosion solution， showing excellent corrosion resistance. This study provides a theoretical basis for design and application of anti-corrosion coating for high performance steel bars.

Key words: epoxy resin, γ-APS, silica, surface modification, mechanical property, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, electrochemical impedance

中图分类号:

TL214⁺.6

孔硕, 耿永娟, 刘彦岑, 李绍纯. 二氧化硅改性环氧涂层的制备及其对钢筋的防护性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(5): 1580-1590.

KONG Shuo, GENG Yongjuan, LIU Yancen, LI Shaochun. Preparation of Silica-Modified Epoxy Coating and Its Protective Performance on Steel Bars[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(5): 1580-1590.

图/表 14

图1 SiO2和NH2-SiO2的红外光谱和TGA曲线

Fig.1 FTIR spectra and TGA curves of SiO2 and NH2-SiO2

图2 SiO2和NH2-SiO2的XPS谱

Fig.2 XPS spectra of SiO2 and NH2-SiO2

表1 SiO2改性前后表面元素原子百分比

Table 1 Surface element atomic percentage of SiO2 before and after modification

Item	Atom fraction/%
Item	S	O	C	N
SiO₂ surface	28.5	60.2	11.4	0
NH₂-SiO₂ surface	26.8	55.1	13.6	4.5

图3 不同掺量SiO2/EP涂层和不同掺量NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的接触角变化

Fig.3 Changes of contact angle of SiO2/EP coating with different content and NH2-SiO2/EP coating with different content

图4 SiO2/EP涂层和NH2-SiO2/EP涂层粗糙度随掺量的变化

Fig.4 Roughness of SiO2/EP coating and NH2-SiO2/EP coating with change of content

图5 不同掺量的NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的SEM照片

Fig.5 SEM images of composite coatings with different NH2-SiO2/EP content

图6 不同掺量的NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的EDS谱

Fig.6 EDS spectra of composite coatings with different NH2-SiO2/EP content

图7 EP涂层、SiO2/EP涂层和NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的热重测试结果

Fig.7 TGA results of EP coating， SiO2/EP coating and NH2-SiO2/EP coating

图8 涂层在相同测试条件下的摩擦磨损测试结果

Fig.8 Friction and wear test results of coating under same test conditions

图9 EP涂层、SiO2/EP涂层和NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的拉伸断裂曲线及最大载荷

Fig.9 Tensile fracture curves of EP coating， SiO2/EP coating and NH2-SiO2/EP coating and maximum load

图10 EP涂层、SiO2/EP涂层和NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的断裂面SEM照片

Fig.10 SEM images of fracture surfaces of EP coating， SiO2/EP coating， and NH2-SiO2/EP coating

图11 EP涂层的EIS测试曲线

Fig.11 EIS test curves of EP coating

图12 SiO2/EP涂层的EIS测试曲线

Fig.12 EIS test curves of SiO2/EP coating

图13 NH2-SiO2/EP涂层的EIS测试曲线

Fig.13 EIS test curves of NH2-SiO2/EP coating

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