硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 3330-3340.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0254
• 道路材料 • 上一篇
陈潇1,2,3(
), 马希凯1, 江瑞4, 舒扬4, 黄敏4, 黄诗杰5
收稿日期:2026-03-18
修订日期:2026-04-05
出版日期:2026-09-15
发布日期:2026-10-09
作者简介:陈 潇 (1981—),男,博士,教授。主要从事固废资源化利用和水泥基材料的研究。E-mail:chenxiao1981@whut.edu.cn
基金资助:
CHEN Xiao1,2,3(
), MA Xikai1, JIANG Rui4, SHU Yang4, HUANG Min4, HUANG Shijie5
Received:2026-03-18
Revised:2026-04-05
Published:2026-09-15
Online:2026-10-09
摘要:
将采石场副产物(QBP)应用于水泥稳定铁尾矿砂路面基层材料中,能改善铁尾矿砂颗粒细小所导致的基层材料强度不足、收缩开裂等问题,从而实现铁尾矿砂的大规模资源化利用。本文系统研究了QBP掺量及其细颗粒(粒径d<0.075 mm)的塑性指数对水泥稳定铁尾矿砂力学性能、体积稳定性及耐久性能的影响,采用膨胀剂调控收缩应变,并结合微观分析揭示QBP的作用机理。结果表明:当QBP掺量为40%(质量分数)时,与未掺组相比,7 d无侧限抗压强度提升48.37%,收缩应变降低42.50%,抗冻系数与水稳系数分别提高15.22%与13.83%;提高细颗粒塑性指数可改善水泥稳定铁尾矿砂的力学与耐久性能,但会增加收缩开裂的风险;掺入膨胀剂后,收缩应变较未掺组降低48.69%,与同强度等级水泥稳定碎石的收缩应变基本相当。微观分析显示,QBP可优化水泥稳定铁尾矿砂混合料的堆积结构,提高密实度并降低孔隙率,从而改善其路用性能。
中图分类号:
陈潇, 马希凯, 江瑞, 舒扬, 黄敏, 黄诗杰. 采石场副产物对水泥稳定铁尾矿砂路面基层材料性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(9): 3330-3340.
CHEN Xiao, MA Xikai, JIANG Rui, SHU Yang, HUANG Min, HUANG Shijie. Effects of Quarry By-Products on Performance of Cement-Stabilized Iron Tailings Pavement Base Materials[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(9): 3330-3340.
| Material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | CaO | Fe2O3 | Al2O3 | SO3 | MgO | K2O | Na2O | Loss | |
| Cement | 17.59 | 60.62 | 5.33 | 4.58 | 2.65 | 2.67 | 0.68 | 0.09 | 3.33 |
| Iron tailings | 36.60 | 25.90 | 22.93 | 8.59 | 0.53 | 0.86 | 1.01 | 1.63 | 1.26 |
| QBP | 17.73 | 61.69 | 2.39 | 7.79 | 0.24 | 8.07 | 0.97 | 0.15 | 0.73 |
表1 水泥、铁尾矿砂和QBP主要化学组成
Table 1 Main chemical composition of cement, iron tailings and QBP
| Material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | CaO | Fe2O3 | Al2O3 | SO3 | MgO | K2O | Na2O | Loss | |
| Cement | 17.59 | 60.62 | 5.33 | 4.58 | 2.65 | 2.67 | 0.68 | 0.09 | 3.33 |
| Iron tailings | 36.60 | 25.90 | 22.93 | 8.59 | 0.53 | 0.86 | 1.01 | 1.63 | 1.26 |
| QBP | 17.73 | 61.69 | 2.39 | 7.79 | 0.24 | 8.07 | 0.97 | 0.15 | 0.73 |
| Main property | Specific surface area/(m2·kg-1) | Initial setting time/min | Final setting time/min | 28 d free expansion rate/% | Compressive strength/MPa | Flexural strength/MPa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 d | 28 d | 7 d | 28 d | |||||
| Cement | 337 | 173 | 280 | 0.064 | 35.3 | 51.6 | 7.2 | 9.3 |
| Expansive agent | 220 | 248 | 300 | — | 24.8 | 45.0 | — | — |
表2 水泥、膨胀剂的主要性能
Table 2 Main properties of cement and expansive agent
| Main property | Specific surface area/(m2·kg-1) | Initial setting time/min | Final setting time/min | 28 d free expansion rate/% | Compressive strength/MPa | Flexural strength/MPa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 d | 28 d | 7 d | 28 d | |||||
| Cement | 337 | 173 | 280 | 0.064 | 35.3 | 51.6 | 7.2 | 9.3 |
| Expansive agent | 220 | 248 | 300 | — | 24.8 | 45.0 | — | — |
| No. | Mass fraction/% | Optimum moisture content/% | Plasticity index | Maximum dry density/(g·cm-3) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Iron tailings | QBP | Bentonite | Expanding agent | Natural aggregate | ||||
| Q-0 | 6 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.87 | 22 | 1.951 |
| Q-20 | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| Q-40 | 6 | 60 | 40 | 0 | 0 | — | 7.75 | 22 | 2.045 |
| Q-60 | 6 | 40 | 60 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.02 | 22 | 2.012 |
| QX-22 | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| QX-37 | 6 | 80 | 18.97 | 1.03 | 0 | — | 8.57 | 37 | 2.028 |
| QX-55 | 6 | 80 | 17.94 | 2.06 | 0 | — | 8.79 | 55 | 2.051 |
| Q-6 | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| QS-6-8 | 5.52 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0.48 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| C-4 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 100 | 6.57 | — | 2.263 |
表3 水泥稳定铁尾矿砂配合比设计
Table 3 Mix proportion design of cement-stabilized iron tailings
| No. | Mass fraction/% | Optimum moisture content/% | Plasticity index | Maximum dry density/(g·cm-3) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Iron tailings | QBP | Bentonite | Expanding agent | Natural aggregate | ||||
| Q-0 | 6 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.87 | 22 | 1.951 |
| Q-20 | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| Q-40 | 6 | 60 | 40 | 0 | 0 | — | 7.75 | 22 | 2.045 |
| Q-60 | 6 | 40 | 60 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.02 | 22 | 2.012 |
| QX-22 | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| QX-37 | 6 | 80 | 18.97 | 1.03 | 0 | — | 8.57 | 37 | 2.028 |
| QX-55 | 6 | 80 | 17.94 | 2.06 | 0 | — | 8.79 | 55 | 2.051 |
| Q-6 | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| QS-6-8 | 5.52 | 80 | 20 | 0 | 0.48 | — | 8.32 | 22 | 1.998 |
| C-4 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 100 | 6.57 | — | 2.263 |
| No. | Content/g | Partical plasticity index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Iron tailings sand | QBP | Bentonite | Water | ||
| Q-0 | 450 | 1 350 | 0 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| Q-20 | 450 | 1 080 | 270 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| Q-40 | 450 | 810 | 540 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| Q-60 | 450 | 540 | 810 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| QX-22 | 450 | 1 080 | 270 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| QX-37 | 450 | 1 080 | 256 | 14 | 225 | 37 |
| QX-55 | 450 | 1 080 | 242 | 28 | 225 | 55 |
表4 铁尾矿砂胶砂配合比设计
Table 4 Mix proportion design of iron tailings cement mortar
| No. | Content/g | Partical plasticity index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Iron tailings sand | QBP | Bentonite | Water | ||
| Q-0 | 450 | 1 350 | 0 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| Q-20 | 450 | 1 080 | 270 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| Q-40 | 450 | 810 | 540 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| Q-60 | 450 | 540 | 810 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| QX-22 | 450 | 1 080 | 270 | 0 | 225 | 22 |
| QX-37 | 450 | 1 080 | 256 | 14 | 225 | 37 |
| QX-55 | 450 | 1 080 | 242 | 28 | 225 | 55 |
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