硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1812-1822.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1080
收稿日期:2025-11-04
修订日期:2025-12-02
出版日期:2026-05-15
发布日期:2026-06-10
通信作者:
问鹏辉,博士,讲师。E-mail:2019021008@chd.edu.cn作者简介:高 峰(1981—),男,高级工程师。主要从事工程管理的研究。E-mail:458815291@qq.com
基金资助:
GAO Feng1(
), YANG Zhuohang2, HAN Chang2, WEN Penghui2(
)
Received:2025-11-04
Revised:2025-12-02
Published:2026-05-15
Online:2026-06-10
摘要:
为提升铁尾矿砂在严寒矿区公路建设工程的规模化资源利用水平,本文采用铁尾矿砂替代部分细集料,制备了掺铁尾矿砂水泥稳定砂砾,对比了铁尾矿砂掺量对击实参数及无侧限抗压强度的影响,系统研究了不同制备条件下水泥稳定砂砾基层的干缩特性、温缩特性、抗冻性能及疲劳性能。结果表明,钠水玻璃改性铁尾矿砂可强化其与水泥胶砂的界面黏附性,从而改善水泥稳定砂砾基层的路用性能。随着铁尾矿砂掺量的增加,水泥稳定砂砾的最大干密度先增大后减小,当铁尾矿砂掺量为60%(质量分数)时,无侧限抗压强度达到最大。降低水泥掺量及铁尾矿砂表面改性均可改善水泥稳定砂砾耐久性。与掺未改性铁尾矿砂的试样相比,水泥掺量为4.0%(质量分数)的掺改性铁尾矿砂水泥稳定砂砾7、14 d干缩系数分别降低了24.31%、17.74%。降温至10~<20 ℃时,掺改性铁尾矿砂的水泥稳定砂砾基层试样的温缩系数达到最小值。水泥掺量为4.0%时,水泥稳定砂砾抗冻性能提升更为明显。铁尾矿砂的掺入及改性均会延长水泥稳定砂砾疲劳寿命,疲劳寿命提升幅度最高可达86.43%。在寒旱矿区,铁尾矿砂的引入能够提升水泥稳定砂砾的服役耐久性,综合推荐铁尾矿砂替代细集料掺量为60%。
中图分类号:
高峰, 杨卓航, 韩昌, 问鹏辉. 寒区掺铁尾矿砂水泥稳定砂砾基层耐久性评价[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(5): 1812-1822.
GAO Feng, YANG Zhuohang, HAN Chang, WEN Penghui. Durability Evaluation of Cement Stabilized Gravel Base with Iron Tailings Sand in Cold Regions[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(5): 1812-1822.
| Project | Initial setting time/min | Final setting time/min | Specific surface area/(m2·kg-1) | Loss on ignition/% | MgCl mass fraction/% | Cl- mass fraction/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | 310 | 451 | 386 | 1.61 | 1.89 | 0.025 |
| Standard value | ≥180 | 360~600 | ≥300 | ≤5.00 | ≤5.00 | ≤0.060 |
表1 P·O 42.5水泥技术指标
Table 1 Technical indicators of P·O 42.5 cement
| Project | Initial setting time/min | Final setting time/min | Specific surface area/(m2·kg-1) | Loss on ignition/% | MgCl mass fraction/% | Cl- mass fraction/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | 310 | 451 | 386 | 1.61 | 1.89 | 0.025 |
| Standard value | ≥180 | 360~600 | ≥300 | ≤5.00 | ≤5.00 | ≤0.060 |
| Mesh size/mm | 4.75 | 2.36 | 1.18 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.075 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passing percentage/% | 100.00 | 100.00 | 98.71 | 91.16 | 55.08 | 10.71 | 2.62 |
表2 铁尾矿砂通过百分率
Table 2 Passing percentage of iron tailings sand
| Mesh size/mm | 4.75 | 2.36 | 1.18 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.075 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passing percentage/% | 100.00 | 100.00 | 98.71 | 91.16 | 55.08 | 10.71 | 2.62 |
| Composition | SiO2 | Fe2O3 | Al2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na2O | SO3 | TiO2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass fraction/% | 55.162 | 12.397 | 12.697 | 8.578 | 5.785 | 2.940 | 0.068 | 2.227 |
表3 铁尾矿砂的主要化学组成
Table 3 Main chemical composition of iron tailings sand
| Composition | SiO2 | Fe2O3 | Al2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na2O | SO3 | TiO2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass fraction/% | 55.162 | 12.397 | 12.697 | 8.578 | 5.785 | 2.940 | 0.068 | 2.227 |
| Mesh size/mm | 26.50 | 19.00 | 16.00 | 13.20 | 9.50 | 4.75 | 2.36 | 1.18 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.075 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passing percentage/% | 100.0 | 85.8 | 78.2 | 69.7 | 57.7 | 36.4 | 25.6 | 17.5 | 11.6 | 6.5 | 3.3 | 2.0 |
表4 水泥稳定砂砾基层级配
Table 4 Gradation of cement stabilized gravel base
| Mesh size/mm | 26.50 | 19.00 | 16.00 | 13.20 | 9.50 | 4.75 | 2.36 | 1.18 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.075 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passing percentage/% | 100.0 | 85.8 | 78.2 | 69.7 | 57.7 | 36.4 | 25.6 | 17.5 | 11.6 | 6.5 | 3.3 | 2.0 |
| Group | Maximum dry density/(g·cm-3) | Optimum moisture content/% |
|---|---|---|
| T0 | 2.404 | 5.70 |
| T20 | 2.422 | 5.92 |
| T40 | 2.424 | 6.14 |
| T60 | 2.433 | 6.25 |
| T80 | 2.408 | 6.40 |
表5 击实试验结果
Table 5 Results of compaction test
| Group | Maximum dry density/(g·cm-3) | Optimum moisture content/% |
|---|---|---|
| T0 | 2.404 | 5.70 |
| T20 | 2.422 | 5.92 |
| T40 | 2.424 | 6.14 |
| T60 | 2.433 | 6.25 |
| T80 | 2.408 | 6.40 |
| [1] | CHAO X L, HAN C, SHAO C, et al. Recent advances in properties and application progress of cement-based materials with iron tailing[J]. Sustainability, 2024, 16(23): 10631. |
| [2] | 季 节, 梁 犇, 韩秉烨, 等. 中国道路工程中土壤固化技术综述[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2023, 23(2): 47-66. |
| JI J, LIANG B, HAN B Y, et al. Review on soil solidified technologies in road engineering in China[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2023, 23(2): 47-66 (in Chinese). | |
| [3] | LIU Z Z, FENG T T, ZHU X Y, et al. Bird’s-eye view of recycled solid wastes in road engineering[J]. Journal of Road Engineering, 2024, 4(2): 93-150. |
| [4] | GORAKHKI M H, BAREITHER C A. Unconfined compressive strength of synthetic and natural mine tailings amended with fly ash and cement[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2017, 143(7): 04017017. |
| [5] | TALKERI A, RAVI SHANKAR A U. Alkali activated slag-fly ash concrete incorporating precious slag as fine aggregate for rigid pavements[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition), 2022, 9(1): 78-92. |
| [6] | WANG C H, LIU J K, CHEN S C, et al. Polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement-stabilized macadam: a review and performance evaluation[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition), 2024, 11(3): 406-423. |
| [7] | 钱振东, 许子健, 闵一桐, 等. 铜尾矿作沥青混合料填料的可行性与环境影响评估[J]. 长安大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 45(3): 17-25. |
| QIAN Z D, XU Z J, MIN Y T, et al. Feasibility and environmental impact assessment of copper tailings as asphalt mixture filler[J]. Journal of Chang’an University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 45(3): 17-25 (in Chinese). | |
| [8] | 马欣蕊, 肖林林, 崔佳祺, 等. 铁尾矿泥对全尾矿混凝土强度及早期收缩性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(8): 2975-2983+2995. |
| MA X R, XIAO L L, CUI J Q, et al. Influence of iron tailings mud on strength and early shrinkage performance of full tailings concrete[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024, 43(8): 2975-2983+2995 (in Chinese). | |
| [9] | 王苗苗, 李 峥. 铁尾矿砂混凝土耐久性能的试验研究[J]. 混凝土世界, 2021(4): 68-70. |
| WANG M M, LI Z. Experiment study on durability of iron tailings sand concrete[J]. China Concrete, 2021(4): 68-70 (in Chinese). | |
| [10] | 严 澔, 郜梓克, 晁先磊, 等. 铁尾矿沥青混合料研究进展与性能评价[J]. 金属矿山, 2025(8): 272-280. |
| YAN H, GAO Z K, CHAO X L, et al. Research progress and performance evaluation of iron tailings asphalt mixtures[J]. Metal Mine, 2025(8): 272-280 (in Chinese). | |
| [11] | 晁先磊, 杨幸, 郜梓克, 等. 铁尾矿砂沥青混合料工程应用及评价[J]. 交通世界, 2025(27): 7-9. |
| CHAO X L, YANG X, GAO Z K, et al. Application and evaluation of iron tailings sand asphalt mixture engineering[J]. TranspoWorld, 2025(27): 7-9 (in Chinese). | |
| [12] | 黄 伟, 薛 葵, 张子龙, 等. 铁尾矿砂的研究与应用进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(10): 3655-3665. |
| HUANG W, XUE K, ZHANG Z L, et al. Research and application progress of iron tailings sand[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024, 43(10): 3655-3665 (in Chinese). | |
| [13] | 马怀森, 阙 云, 丁 峰, 等. 改良铁尾矿砂在高速公路路基中的应用研究[J]. 交通科技, 2022(5): 25-29. |
| MA H S, QUE Y, DING F, et al. Study on the application of improved iron tailings sand in highway subgrade[J]. Transportation Science & Technology, 2022(5): 25-29 (in Chinese). | |
| [14] | 王世伟, 杨 松. 固化铁尾矿砂基层材料的工程应用可行性研究[J]. 公路, 2024, 69(10): 69-74. |
| WANG S W, YANG S. Feasibility study of application of solidified iron tailings sand base material in project practice[J]. Highway, 2024, 69(10): 69-74 (in Chinese). | |
| [15] | 李军卫, 刘长明, 单雪峰. 水泥改良铁尾矿砂路基填料的力学特性[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021, 42(3): 193-199. |
| LI J W, LIU C M, SHAN X F. Research on mechanical properties of cement-improved iron tailings sand roadbed filler[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021, 42(3): 193-199 (in Chinese). | |
| [16] | 刘晶磊, 王一峰, 王奥运, 等. 土壤固化剂改良铁尾矿路用性能研究[J]. 公路, 2018, 63(4): 24-29. |
| LIU J L, WANG Y F, WANG A Y, et al. Research on road performance of using soil curing agent to improve iron tailings[J]. Highway, 2018, 63(4): 24-29 (in Chinese). | |
| [17] | 梁文先, 李瑞娟, 张孟星, 等. HK-SA和水泥复掺固化铁尾矿砂的试验研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2023(6): 268-272. |
| LIANG W X, LI R J, ZHANG M X, et al. Experimental study on solidification of iron tailings sand with HK-SA and cement[J]. Metal Mine, 2023(6): 268-272 (in Chinese). | |
| [18] | 王洪国, 苏纪壮, 张 民, 等. 振动搅拌对掺铁尾矿砂水泥稳定碎石混合料的影响研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(12): 4209-4216. |
| WANG H G, SU J Z, ZHANG M, et al. Effect of vibration mixing on iron tailing cement stabilized macadam mixture[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 40(12): 4209-4216 (in Chinese). | |
| [19] | 薛登峰. 铁尾矿砂在国省干道水稳碎石基层的应用[J]. 山东交通科技, 2020(6): 46-48+64. |
| XUE D F. Research on application of iron tailings in water stable macadam base of national and provincial trunk roads[J]. Shandong Jiaotong Keji, 2020(6): 46-48+64 (in Chinese). | |
| [20] | 张立群, 张学峰, 崔宏环, 等. 双掺再生水泥稳定碎石干缩性能研究[J]. 森林工程, 2022, 38(5): 128-136. |
| ZHANG L Q, ZHANG X F, CUI H H, et al. Study on dry shrinkage performance of binary recycled cement stabilized fragments[J]. Forest Engineering, 2022, 38(5): 128-136 (in Chinese). | |
| [21] | 万 磊, 张 智, 宋华松, 等. 干湿循环对碱激发材料固化细铁尾矿砂强度特性的影响分析[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2020, 39(7): 2223-2231. |
| WAN L, ZHANG Z, SONG H S, et al. Effect of drying and wetting cycles on strength characteristic of alkali-activated materials solidified fine iron tailings sand[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 39(7): 2223-2231 (in Chinese). | |
| [22] | JI X P, SUN E Y, SUN Y L, et al. Study on crack resistance of cement-stabilized iron tailings[J]. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2023, 24(2): 2124251. |
| [23] | 褚 锋, 苏纪壮, 王瑞冰, 等. 掺铁尾矿砂水泥稳定碎石混合料性能的影响研究[J]. 武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版), 2022, 46(5): 893-897. |
| CHU F, SU J Z, WANG R B, et al. Study on the influence of iron tailings sand cement stabilized macadam mixture[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science & Engineering), 2022, 46(5): 893-897 (in Chinese). |
| [1] | 张少波, 马健云, 张新永, 高新文, 陈谦. 路用纤维微表处材料组成与性能评价研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(1): 309-324. |
| [2] | 黄正涛, 关骏骁, 牛亚鹏, 崔艺铖, 何雄飞. 水泥稳定再生碎石的路用性能试验研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(1): 359-366. |
| [3] | 孙吉书, 刘岚彬, 薛丹璇, 陈永昊. 基于多源异构的建筑垃圾再生料性能影响研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2025, 44(3): 1091-1101. |
| [4] | 陈峰, 仪珂, 王朝辉, 党武娟, 屈希峰. 纤维改性水泥基材料研究进展:水泥稳定基层[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(9): 3479-3493. |
| [5] | 张会芳, 龚琳洋, 陈洁, 张玉栋, 曹慧, 刘哲颖, 李玉宽, 魏文博, 刘凯宏. 酸激发剂对固废材料活性激发效果的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(8): 2941-2951. |
| [6] | 王永亮, 易江涛, 刘悦. 路用集料形貌特征参数分析与性能评价[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(3): 1143-1152. |
| [7] | 李超, 姜运良, 李绍勇, 颜峰, 汤长西, 李晓龙. 钢渣细集料对水泥稳定砂岩基层路用性能影响研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(3): 1172-1180. |
| [8] | 朱利帅, 谢群, 惠婧, 赵鹏, 李俊锋. PVA-铁尾矿砂混凝土抗折性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(2): 593-602. |
| [9] | 唐利民, 龚贵恩, 彭守波. 路面材料典型力学参数的不确定度评定试验研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(11): 4240-4253. |
| [10] | 韩洪宇, 李少秋, 魏武巍, 季节, 王君武, 李增宝, 郑文华. 改性橡胶粉水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(11): 4254-4260. |
| [11] | 黄伟, 薛葵, 张子龙, 曹涌钢, 王佳亮, 邱文浩, 陈冬生. 铁尾矿砂的研究与应用进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(10): 3655-3665. |
| [12] | 曾铭乐, 王志祥. 固废基道路地聚物注浆材料的组分优化及机理研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(8): 3033-3044. |
| [13] | 王新岐, 邵捷, 问鹏辉, 曾伟, 王朝辉. 绿色可控低强材料组成与工作性能研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(7): 2629-2644. |
| [14] | 郝明月, 李静, 蔡基伟, 许鸽龙, 田青. 磁铁尾矿砂在水泥基材料中的化学稳定性研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(10): 3688-3694. |
| [15] | 刘海霞, 张鑫, 韩耿斌, 李忠红, 赖淏, 熊锐. SMA-5钢渣沥青混合料的组成设计与性能评价[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(10): 3778-3786. |
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||