硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 437-448.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0825
余晗之1(
), 周理安1,2(
), 刘宇1, 周文娟1,2, 梁运健1
收稿日期:2025-08-15
修订日期:2025-09-29
出版日期:2026-02-20
发布日期:2026-03-09
通信作者:
周理安,博士,副研究员。E-mail:zla@bucea.edu.cn作者简介:余晗之(2001—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事建筑垃圾、混凝土的研究。E-mail:864858565@qq.com
基金资助:
YU Hanzhi1(
), ZHOU Li’an1,2(
), LIU Yu1, ZHOU Wenjuan1,2, LIANG Yunjian1
Received:2025-08-15
Revised:2025-09-29
Published:2026-02-20
Online:2026-03-09
摘要:
为了更加精准地预测现代混凝土抗压强度,以砂浆膜厚度替代混凝土各组分用量作为配合比设计的关键参数。通过理论计算与试验研究,分析砂浆膜厚度对混凝土抗压强度的影响,并采用遗传算法优化反向传播(GA-BP)神经网络分别构建基于传统混凝土配合比和砂浆膜厚度的两种抗压强度预测模型。结果表明,砂浆膜厚度由水泥砂浆总体积和粗骨料参数共同决定,随膜厚度增加,界面过渡区质量先改善后劣化,且粗骨料骨架支撑作用逐步减弱,导致混凝土抗压强度整体呈下降趋势;相较于传统预测模型,基于砂浆膜厚度的预测模型精度提高19.7%,均方根误差降低50.4%,平均相对误差为2.8%,决定系数达0.935。回归评价指标显示该模型可以更精准地预测混凝土抗压强度。
中图分类号:
余晗之, 周理安, 刘宇, 周文娟, 梁运健. 基于砂浆膜厚度的GA-BP神经网络混凝土抗压强度预测研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(2): 437-448.
YU Hanzhi, ZHOU Li’an, LIU Yu, ZHOU Wenjuan, LIANG Yunjian. Prediction of Concrete Compressive Strength by GA-BP Neural Network Based on Mortar Film Thickness[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(2): 437-448.
| Gradation | Apparent density/(kg·m-3) | Bulk density/(kg·m-3) | Crushing value/% | Water absorption/% | Porosity/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.75~19.00 mm | 2 790 | 1 780 | 8.5 | 0.8 | 38 |
| 4.75~26.50 mm | 2 790 | 1 730 | 7.8 | 0.8 | 36 |
表1 粗骨料主要性能指标
Table 1 Main performance indexes of coarse aggregate
| Gradation | Apparent density/(kg·m-3) | Bulk density/(kg·m-3) | Crushing value/% | Water absorption/% | Porosity/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.75~19.00 mm | 2 790 | 1 780 | 8.5 | 0.8 | 38 |
| 4.75~26.50 mm | 2 790 | 1 730 | 7.8 | 0.8 | 36 |
| Gradation | Accumulative remainder/% | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.50 mm | 16.00 mm | 19.00 mm | 26.50 mm | |
| 4.75~19.00 mm | 58.58 | 16.47 | 0 | — |
| 4.75~26.50 mm | 69.59 | 38.67 | 26.58 | 0 |
表2 粗骨料颗粒级配
Table 2 Particle size distribution of coarse aggregate
| Gradation | Accumulative remainder/% | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.50 mm | 16.00 mm | 19.00 mm | 26.50 mm | |
| 4.75~19.00 mm | 58.58 | 16.47 | 0 | — |
| 4.75~26.50 mm | 69.59 | 38.67 | 26.58 | 0 |
| No. | Mortar multiplier | Mass/kg | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Fly ash | Mineral powder | Water | Sand | Stone | ||
| M-1 | 0.8 | 2.42 | 1.01 | 0.60 | 1.77 | 7.67 | 11.72 |
| M-2 | 0.9 | 2.72 | 1.13 | 0.68 | 2.00 | 8.63 | 11.72 |
| M-3 | 1.0 | 3.02 | 1.26 | 0.76 | 2.22 | 9.59 | 11.72 |
| M-4 | 1.1 | 3.33 | 1.39 | 0.83 | 2.44 | 10.55 | 11.72 |
| M-5 | 1.2 | 3.63 | 1.51 | 0.91 | 2.66 | 11.51 | 11.72 |
| M-6 | 1.3 | 3.93 | 1.64 | 0.98 | 2.88 | 12.46 | 11.72 |
| M-7 | 1.4 | 4.23 | 1.76 | 1.06 | 3.10 | 13.42 | 11.72 |
| M-8 | 1.5 | 4.54 | 1.89 | 1.13 | 3.33 | 14.38 | 11.72 |
表3 混凝土试验配合比
Table 3 Concrete test mix ratio
| No. | Mortar multiplier | Mass/kg | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Fly ash | Mineral powder | Water | Sand | Stone | ||
| M-1 | 0.8 | 2.42 | 1.01 | 0.60 | 1.77 | 7.67 | 11.72 |
| M-2 | 0.9 | 2.72 | 1.13 | 0.68 | 2.00 | 8.63 | 11.72 |
| M-3 | 1.0 | 3.02 | 1.26 | 0.76 | 2.22 | 9.59 | 11.72 |
| M-4 | 1.1 | 3.33 | 1.39 | 0.83 | 2.44 | 10.55 | 11.72 |
| M-5 | 1.2 | 3.63 | 1.51 | 0.91 | 2.66 | 11.51 | 11.72 |
| M-6 | 1.3 | 3.93 | 1.64 | 0.98 | 2.88 | 12.46 | 11.72 |
| M-7 | 1.4 | 4.23 | 1.76 | 1.06 | 3.10 | 13.42 | 11.72 |
| M-8 | 1.5 | 4.54 | 1.89 | 1.13 | 3.33 | 14.38 | 11.72 |
| Indicator | Traditional model | Mortar film thickness model |
|---|---|---|
| R2 training part | 0.768 | 0.959 |
| R2 testing part | 0.781 | 0.935 |
| RMSE training part | 1.793 | 0.990 |
| RMSE testing part | 2.314 | 1.147 |
表4 模型相关指标评价
Table 4 Evaluation of model-related indicators
| Indicator | Traditional model | Mortar film thickness model |
|---|---|---|
| R2 training part | 0.768 | 0.959 |
| R2 testing part | 0.781 | 0.935 |
| RMSE training part | 1.793 | 0.990 |
| RMSE testing part | 2.314 | 1.147 |
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