硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 2540-2548.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1251
李玉祥1(
), 赵蓉2, 鲁勃2, 闫文丽1, 马翌博1, 范海宏1, 程峰1
收稿日期:2025-12-12
修订日期:2026-03-10
出版日期:2026-07-15
发布日期:2026-08-13
作者简介:李玉祥(1978—),男,讲师。主要从事纳米功能材料方面的研究。E-mail:yuxli2021@xauat.edu.cn
基金资助:
LI Yuxiang1(
), ZHAO Rong2, LU Bo2, YAN Wenli1, MA Yibo1, FAN Haihong1, CHENG Feng1
Received:2025-12-12
Revised:2026-03-10
Published:2026-07-15
Online:2026-08-13
摘要:
纳米TiO2的分散稳定性极大影响其应用性能。本文采用溶胶凝胶法制备不同粒径的纳米TiO2,将其分散到水中,对不同条件下的纳米TiO2分散稳定性进行了表征与分析,并研究其降解罗丹明B的光催化性能。结果表明,纳米TiO2在水中的沉降速率随晶粒尺寸的减小而降低。纳米TiO2分散液pH值为2时,分散稳定性最好;pH值为4时,由于接近等电点,沉降速率大;纳米TiO2分散液在碱性环境下的Zeta电位绝对值小于在酸性环境下的,分散液的稳定性差。六偏磷酸钠对纳米TiO2的分散效果最佳,加入量为30%(质量分数)时,10 d后分散液仍保持很好的稳定性。纳米TiO2的分散稳定性越好时,光催化降解率越高,使用粒径为31.0 nm的纳米TiO2,加入六偏磷酸钠作分散剂,调节纳米TiO2分散液pH值为2时,罗丹明B溶液30 min降解率达到90.1%,60 min降解率达到99.2%,说明改善纳米TiO2在水中的分散性能极大地提高其光催化效率。
中图分类号:
李玉祥, 赵蓉, 鲁勃, 闫文丽, 马翌博, 范海宏, 程峰. 纳米TiO2在水中分散稳定性的影响因素及光催化性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(7): 2540-2548.
LI Yuxiang, ZHAO Rong, LU Bo, YAN Wenli, MA Yibo, FAN Haihong, CHENG Feng. Influencing Factors of Dispersion Stability and Photocatalytic Performance of Nano-TiO2 in Water[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(7): 2540-2548.
| Sample No. | Reagent amounts/mL | Grain size/nm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C16H36O4Ti | C2H5OH | CH3COOH | H2O | ||
| T1 | 10 | 60 | 10 | 25 | 80.9 |
| T2 | 5 | 60 | 10 | 20 | 44.6 |
| T3 | 10 | 60 | 10 | 30 | 83.7 |
| T4 | 10 | 60 | 10 | 10 | 31.0 |
| T5 | 15 | 60 | 10 | 20 | 80.9 |
| T6 | 8 | 60 | 10 | 20 | 70.3 |
表1 制备不同纳米TiO2试样的试剂用量及晶粒尺寸
Table 1 Reagent amounts and grain size for preparing different nano-TiO2 samples
| Sample No. | Reagent amounts/mL | Grain size/nm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C16H36O4Ti | C2H5OH | CH3COOH | H2O | ||
| T1 | 10 | 60 | 10 | 25 | 80.9 |
| T2 | 5 | 60 | 10 | 20 | 44.6 |
| T3 | 10 | 60 | 10 | 30 | 83.7 |
| T4 | 10 | 60 | 10 | 10 | 31.0 |
| T5 | 15 | 60 | 10 | 20 | 80.9 |
| T6 | 8 | 60 | 10 | 20 | 70.3 |
图7 不同条件下纳米TiO2光催化降解罗丹明B的降解率曲线和降解速率曲线
Fig.7 Degradation efficiency curves and degradation rate curves for Rhodamine B photocatalytic degradation by nano-TiO2 under different conditions
图8 最优条件下纳米TiO2光催化降解罗丹明B的降解率曲线、降解速率曲线及罗丹明B溶液的颜色变化照片(T4, pH=2, SHMP)
Fig.8 Degradation efficiency curve, degradation rate curve, and color-change photograph for Rhodamine B photocatalytic degradation by nano-TiO2 under optimal condition (T4, pH=2, SHMP)
| Condition | Degradation kinetics equation | k/min-1 | R2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| T4 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.024 0t+0.051 0 | 0.024 0 | 0.991 9 |
| T2 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.014 9t-0.052 2 | 0.014 9 | 0.991 7 |
| T1 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.013 0t-0.048 9 | 0.013 0 | 0.987 3 |
| pH=2 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.047 9t+0.355 7 | 0.047 9 | 0.912 9 |
| pH=3 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.029 0t+0.065 4 | 0.029 0 | 0.980 6 |
| pH=9 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.006 6t+0.027 5 | 0.006 6 | 0.989 0 |
| pH=10 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.007 2t+0.019 5 | 0.007 2 | 0.993 4 |
| PEG400 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.025 2t+0.131 3 | 0.025 2 | 0.965 2 |
| SHMP | ln(C0/Ct )=0.036 3t+0.224 3 | 0.036 3 | 0.937 6 |
| SDBS | ln(C0/Ct )=0.030 6t+0.226 3 | 0.030 6 | 0.953 3 |
| T4, pH=2, SHMP | ln(C0/Ct )=0.056 0t+0.448 1 | 0.056 0 | 0.893 0 |
表2 罗丹明B溶液降解动力学方程
Table 2 Degradation kinetics equation of Rhodamine B solution
| Condition | Degradation kinetics equation | k/min-1 | R2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| T4 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.024 0t+0.051 0 | 0.024 0 | 0.991 9 |
| T2 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.014 9t-0.052 2 | 0.014 9 | 0.991 7 |
| T1 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.013 0t-0.048 9 | 0.013 0 | 0.987 3 |
| pH=2 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.047 9t+0.355 7 | 0.047 9 | 0.912 9 |
| pH=3 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.029 0t+0.065 4 | 0.029 0 | 0.980 6 |
| pH=9 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.006 6t+0.027 5 | 0.006 6 | 0.989 0 |
| pH=10 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.007 2t+0.019 5 | 0.007 2 | 0.993 4 |
| PEG400 | ln(C0/Ct )=0.025 2t+0.131 3 | 0.025 2 | 0.965 2 |
| SHMP | ln(C0/Ct )=0.036 3t+0.224 3 | 0.036 3 | 0.937 6 |
| SDBS | ln(C0/Ct )=0.030 6t+0.226 3 | 0.030 6 | 0.953 3 |
| T4, pH=2, SHMP | ln(C0/Ct )=0.056 0t+0.448 1 | 0.056 0 | 0.893 0 |
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