纳米C-S-H对水泥水化及砂浆性能的影响机制研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0400

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确纳米水化硅酸钙（C-S-H）对水泥水化及砂浆性能的影响，本文研究了0%~5%（质量分数）掺量纳米C-S-H对水泥砂浆抗压强度、抗折强度、凝结时间等性能指标的影响，结合X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）揭示其微观机制。结果表明，纳米C-S-H可以有效促进水泥水化进程及提高早期强度。随着纳米C-S-H掺量增加，水泥抗压强度和抗折强度均呈先升高后降低趋势，当纳米C-S-H掺量为3%时，抗压强度和抗折强度显著提升；当纳米C-S-H掺量为4%时，抗压强度和抗折强度最高，养护28 d时较对照组分别提升11.4%与18.1%。随着纳米C-S-H掺量增加，水泥初凝与终凝时间持续缩短，收缩率逐渐增大，5%掺量时收缩率较对照组增幅达22.7%。当纳米C-S-H掺量为0%~3%时，初始流动度随纳米C-S-H掺量增加而增大，当纳米C-S-H掺量超过3%时，初始流动度随纳米C-S-H掺量增加而减小。纳米C-S-H可以有效促进水泥中硅酸二钙（C₂S）和硅酸三钙（C₃S）的水化，随着纳米C-S-H掺量的增加，絮状水化产物C-S-H凝胶的生成量逐渐增加，使试件内部更加密实，可以有效提高水泥砂浆早期抗压强度和抗折强度。随着养护时间增加，纳米C-S-H对强度的影响逐渐降低。研究成果可为纳米C-S-H在水泥基复合材料中的应用提供参考。

关键词: 纳米C-S-H, 水泥砂浆, 水化进程, 早期强度, 微观形貌

Abstract:

To clarify the influence of nano calcium silicate hydrate （C-S-H） on cement hydration and mortar properties， this paper investigated the effect of 0% to 5% （mass fraction） nano C-S-H on the compressive strength， flexural strength， setting time， and other performance indicators of cement mortar. The microscopic mechanisms were revealed through X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results indicate that nano C-S-H can effectively promote the cement hydration process and improve early strength. With the increase of nano C-S-H dosage， the compressive strength and flexural strength of cement initially increase and then decrease. When the nano C-S-H dosage is 3%， both compressive strength and flexural strength are significantly improved. When the nano C-S-H dosage is 4%， the compressive strength and flexural strength reach their peak， with an increase of 11.4% and 18.1%， respectively， compared to the control group after 28 d of curing. As the nano C-S-H dosage increases， the initial setting time and final setting time of cement continue to shorten， and the shrinkage rate gradually increases. At a 5% dosage， the shrinkage rate increases by 22.7% compared to the control group. When the nano C-S-H dosages is 0% to 3%， the initial fluidity increases with the increase of nano C-S-H dosage. When the nano C-S-H dosage exceeds 3%， the initial fluidity decreases with the increase of nano C-S-H dosage. Microscopically， nano C-S-H can effectively promote the hydration of di-calcium silicate （C₂S） and tri-calcium silicate （C₃S） in cement. With the increase of nano C-S-H dosage， the production of flocculent hydration product C-S-H gel gradually increases， making the interior of specimen denser and effectively improving the early compressive strength of cement mortar. However， as the curing time increases， the effect of nano C-S-H on strength gradually decreases. The research results can provide a reference for the application of nano C-S-H in cement-based composite material.

Key words: nano C-S-H, cement mortar, hydration process, early strength, microscopic morphology

中图分类号:

TQ172.72

胡敏, 张涵, 程慧娟. 纳米C-S-H对水泥水化及砂浆性能的影响机制研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(9): 3010-3016.

HU Min, ZHANG Han, CHENG Huijuan. Influence Mechanism of Nano C-S-H on Cement Hydration and Mortar Properties[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(9): 3010-3016.

图/表 7

图1 不同掺量纳米C-S-H对抗压强度的影响

Fig.1 Effects of different nano C-S-H dosages on compressive strength

图2 不同掺量纳米C-S-H对抗折强度的影响

Fig.2 Effects of different nano C-S-H dosages on flexural strength

图3 不同掺量纳米C-S-H对水泥砂浆流动度的影响

Fig.3 Effects of different nano C-S-H dosages on of cement mortar

图4 不同掺量纳米C-S-H对水泥砂浆凝结时间的影响

Fig.4 Effects of different nano C-S-H dosages on fluidity setting time of cement mortar

图5 不同掺量纳米C-S-H对水泥砂浆收缩率的影响

Fig.5 Effects of different nano C-S-H dosages on shrinkage rate of cement mortar

图6 纳米C-S-H对水泥砂浆水化产物的影响

Fig.6 Effect of nano C-S-H on hydration products of cement mortar

图7 不同掺量纳米C-S-H的水泥砂浆3 d时的SEM照片

Fig.7 SEM images of cement mortar with different nano C-S-H dosages at 3 d

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