硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1615-1625.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1072
朱希彤1(
), 李驰1,2,3, 刘洋1, 王晓荣1,2,3(
)
收稿日期:2025-11-04
修订日期:2025-12-18
出版日期:2026-05-15
发布日期:2026-06-10
通信作者:
王晓荣,博士,副教授。E-mail: wangxiaorong@imut.edu.cn作者简介:朱希彤(1996—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事固废混凝土及其应用的研究。E-mail:751326546@qq.com
基金资助:
ZHU Xitong1(
), LI Chi1,2,3, LIU Yang1, WANG Xiaorong1,2,3(
)
Received:2025-11-04
Revised:2025-12-18
Published:2026-05-15
Online:2026-06-10
摘要:
在集中式光伏项目中,基础建设需大量使用水泥,不仅消耗自然资源,还对环境产生负面影响。探索和应用替代水泥的固化材料成为光伏产业实现绿色低碳发展的重要方向。本文从水泥减量化入手,以循环流化床粉煤灰(CFBFA)和脱硫石膏(FGD)为矿物掺合料,联合碳化养护技术制备光伏桩基础,进行了碳化试验、混凝土强度试验和室内模型试验,并分析了固废消纳能力。结果表明,碳化养护可通过优化混凝土孔结构提升力学性能:28 d碳化养护后,CFBFA掺量30%(质量分数)、FGD掺量3%(质量分数)的固废混凝土,抗压强度达45.2 MPa、劈裂抗拉强度达5.5 MPa,相较于标准养护固废组分别提升55.3%和89.7%。此外,固废光伏桩的抗拔极限承载力较传统桩基提高了6.7%,并且桩侧摩阻力表现更优。应用该固废基光伏桩碳化养护技术制备每1 000块光伏板基础,可减少标准煤耗42.2 kg/t,降低电量与资源消耗33.0%,同时消纳29.4 t CFBFA和2.9 t FGD。综上,固废基光伏桩碳化养护技术能够显著减少光伏项目中水泥的用量,达到固废资源化利用和碳减排的双重目标。
中图分类号:
朱希彤, 李驰, 刘洋, 王晓荣. 固废粉煤灰基碳化光伏桩模型试验研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(5): 1615-1625.
ZHU Xitong, LI Chi, LIU Yang, WANG Xiaorong. Model Test of Carbonized Photovoltaic Piles Based on Solid Waste Fly Ash[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(5): 1615-1625.
| Raw material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | SO3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | K2O | Other | Loss on ignition | |
| Cement | 22.23 | 4.75 | 63.41 | 2.54 | 2.62 | 1.38 | 0.82 | 2.25 | 3.13 |
| CFBFA | 40.32 | 37.02 | 12.10 | 4.76 | 2.83 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 2.32 | 1.71 |
| FGD | 5.94 | 1.43 | 43.01 | 46.35 | 1.21 | 0.43 | 1.11 | 0.52 | 17.29 |
表1 原材料的主要化学组成
Table 1 Main chemical composition of raw materials
| Raw material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | SO3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | K2O | Other | Loss on ignition | |
| Cement | 22.23 | 4.75 | 63.41 | 2.54 | 2.62 | 1.38 | 0.82 | 2.25 | 3.13 |
| CFBFA | 40.32 | 37.02 | 12.10 | 4.76 | 2.83 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 2.32 | 1.71 |
| FGD | 5.94 | 1.43 | 43.01 | 46.35 | 1.21 | 0.43 | 1.11 | 0.52 | 17.29 |
| Sample | Mix proportion/(kg·m-3) | Water-to-binder ratio | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | CFBFA | FGD | Sand | Stone | Water | Water-reducing agent | ||
| PC-S | 380 | 0 | 0 | 732 | 1 098 | 190 | 0 | 0.5 |
| FG-S | 255 | 114 | 11 | 732 | 1 098 | 190 | 7.6 | 0.5 |
| FG-C | 255 | 114 | 11 | 732 | 1 098 | 190 | 7.6 | 0.5 |
表2 混凝土的配合比
Table 2 Mix proportion of concrete
| Sample | Mix proportion/(kg·m-3) | Water-to-binder ratio | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | CFBFA | FGD | Sand | Stone | Water | Water-reducing agent | ||
| PC-S | 380 | 0 | 0 | 732 | 1 098 | 190 | 0 | 0.5 |
| FG-S | 255 | 114 | 11 | 732 | 1 098 | 190 | 7.6 | 0.5 |
| FG-C | 255 | 114 | 11 | 732 | 1 098 | 190 | 7.6 | 0.5 |
| Dry density/(g·cm-3) | Moisture content/% | Compression modulus/MPa | Internal friction angle/(°) | Cohesion/kPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.6 | 9.0 | 12.4 | 30.2 | 12.8 |
表3 风积沙土的物理指标
Table 3 Physical indexes of aeolian sand soil
| Dry density/(g·cm-3) | Moisture content/% | Compression modulus/MPa | Internal friction angle/(°) | Cohesion/kPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.6 | 9.0 | 12.4 | 30.2 | 12.8 |
| Particle size/mm | >0.3 | 0.15~0.3 | 0.075~<0.05 | <0.075 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass fraction/% | 0 | 1.6 | 95.0 | 3.4 |
表4 土的颗粒级配
Table 4 Particle size distribution of aeolian sand soil
| Particle size/mm | >0.3 | 0.15~0.3 | 0.075~<0.05 | <0.075 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass fraction/% | 0 | 1.6 | 95.0 | 3.4 |
| Raw material | Standard coal consumption/kg | Battery level/(kW·h) | Resource consumption/kg | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per ton | 1 000 photovoltaic panels | Per ton | 1 000 photovoltaic panels | Per ton | 1 000 photovoltaic panels | |
| Cement | 128.0 | 12 518.0 | 21.4 | 2 089.9 | 1 600 | 156 474.4 |
| Solid waste from power plants | 85.8 | 8 387.3 | 14.3 | 1 401.7 | 1 072 | 104 837.8 |
表5 自然资源、能源影响清单
Table 5 Natural resource and energy impact list
| Raw material | Standard coal consumption/kg | Battery level/(kW·h) | Resource consumption/kg | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per ton | 1 000 photovoltaic panels | Per ton | 1 000 photovoltaic panels | Per ton | 1 000 photovoltaic panels | |
| Cement | 128.0 | 12 518.0 | 21.4 | 2 089.9 | 1 600 | 156 474.4 |
| Solid waste from power plants | 85.8 | 8 387.3 | 14.3 | 1 401.7 | 1 072 | 104 837.8 |
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