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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 503-516.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0815

• 资源综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

流态固化土的固化机理及性能调控研究综述

舒畅1(), 陈振中2, 王伟2, 梅友静3, 王宁宁4, 张亚梅2()   

  1. 1.常州地铁集团有限公司,常州 213001
    2.东南大学材料科学与工程学院,南京 211189
    3.南京绿色增材智造研究院有限公司,南京 211806
    4.江苏三合建环保技术研究院有限公司,南京 210043
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-12 修订日期:2025-10-15 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-09
  • 通信作者: 张亚梅,博士,教授。E-mail:ymzhang@seu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:舒 畅(1988—),男,高级工程师。主要从事地铁工程岩土复合材料方面的研究。E-mail:shuchang@czsubway.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51972057);中国施工企业管理协会科技研发项目(2024-C-134);常州地铁5号线建设弃置土资源化高效利用与应用技术研究资助项目(8512008673)

Review on Solidification Mechanism and Performance Regulation of Fluidized Solidified Soil

SHU Chang1(), CHEN Zhenzhong2, WANG Wei2, MEI Youjing3, WANG Ningning4, ZHANG Yamei2()   

  1. 1. Changzhou Metro Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Changzhou 213001,China
    2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China
    3. Nanjing Institute for Intelligent Additive Manufacturing Co. ,Ltd. ,Nanjing 211806,China
    4. Jiangsu Sanhejian Environmental Technology Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Nanjing 210043,China
  • Received:2025-08-12 Revised:2025-10-15 Published:2026-02-20 Online:2026-03-09

摘要:

近年来,流态固化土因高流动性、高效率、低成本的优势,已成为国内外建材领域的研究热点。本文综述了流态固化土的常用固化剂及固化机理,重点评估利用不同工业废渣部分取代传统硅酸盐水泥制备流态固化土的潜力。从流动性调控角度,水固比是影响流动性的关键指标,可通过土的液限及胶凝材料标准稠度需水量具体调控,掺入聚羧酸减水剂与粉煤灰可显著改善流动性。从力学性能调控角度,添加CaCl2等早强剂或引入赤泥、电石渣等工业废渣,可有效促进胶凝材料的水化反应并填充孔隙,在体系内诱导生成钙矾石加速水分固结,并提高水化效率。从泌水调控角度,优化颗粒级配与掺入赤泥可有效抑制泌水现象。从长远看,需从材料的地域性、土源性质、固化效果、经济性、低碳性和安全性等方面综合评估固化剂方案及综合效益。

关键词: 流态固化土, 工业废渣, 固化机理, 性能调控, 流动性, 力学性能

Abstract:

In recent years, fluidized solidified soil has become a research hotspot in the domestic and international building materials field due to its advantages of high fluidity, high efficiency and low cost. This paper reviews the commonly used solidification agents and solidification mechanisms of fluidized solidified soil, with a focus on evaluating the potential of utilizing various industrial wastes to partially replace traditional Portland cement in the preparation of fluidized solidified soil. From the perspective of fluidity regulation, the water-to-solid ratio is a key indicator affecting fluidity. It can be specifically regulated by the liquid limit of soil and the water demand for standard consistency of cementitious materials. The incorporation of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and fly ash can significantly improve fluidity. From the perspective of mechanical properties regulation, the addition of early strength agent such as CaCl2 or industrial wastes like red mud and carbide slag can effectively promote the hydration reaction of cementitious materials and fill pores. Meanwhile, inducing the formation of ettringite in the system can accelerate water consolidation and enhance hydration efficiency. From the perspective of bleeding regulation, optimizing particle gradation and incorporating red mud can effectively inhibit the bleeding phenomenon. In the long term, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the solidification agent scheme and its comprehensive benefits from the aspects of regionality of materials, soil source properties, solidification effect, economy, low-carbon and safety.

Key words: fluidized solidified soil, industrial waste, solidification mechanism, performance regulation, fluidity, mechanical property

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