Dynamic Mechanical Property and Constitutive Modeling of Sapphire Single Crystals

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0170

Abstract

Abstract: Sapphire single crystals are widely used in protective windows for military equipment due to their excellent mechanical strength and optical transparency. To systematically investigate their dynamic mechanical behavior, a series of experiments and numerical simulations were conducted in this study. Quasi-static and dynamic compression tests were carried out to obtain the stress-strain response and to analyze strength to strain rate sensitivity. The Brazilian disk splitting test was performed to measure the tensile strength, and a triaxial confining pressure test was conducted to study the mechanical response of granular sapphire single crystals under high hydrostatic pressure. Based on the above experimental data, a material constitutive model was conducted, incorporating an equation of state, a strength criterion, and a damage evolution law. Ballistic high speed impact tests were further conducted, and a FEM-SPH coupling method numerical model was established to simulate the penetration process and crack propagation mechanisms. The results show that the constitutive model accurately captures the mechanical response of sapphire single crystals under various stress conditions, providing important guidance for the design of protective structures.

Key words: sapphire single crystal, mechanical property, constitutive modeling, penetration, numerical simulation, damage

CLC Number:

TB321

HUANG Youqi, SHI Liutong, GAO Yubo, ZHOU Lin. Dynamic Mechanical Property and Constitutive Modeling of Sapphire Single Crystals[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(9): 3391-3401.

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