Printing Performance and Mechanical Properties of  3D Printed Concrete Mixed with Wind Turbine Blade Solid Waste

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0200

Abstract

Abstract: In order to study the effect of wind turbine blade solid waste (WTBW) on the performance of 3D printed concrete, this study mixed two kinds of WTBW into 3D printed concrete at different replacement ratios, and then the printing performance and mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete were tested. By analyzing the pore structure, the effect of WTBW on the performance of 3D printed concrete was explained from the microscopic point of view. The results show that the printing performance of concrete is the best when the WTBW replacement rate of powder type is less than 10% (mass fraction) and the WTBW replacement rate of fibrous villous type is less than 5% (mass fraction). The mechanical properties of the 3D printed concrete mixed with WTBW are obviously anisotropy. Compared with the control group, the 28 d compressive strength of the 3D printed concrete mixed with 10% powder WTBW increases by 7.28%, while the flexural strength and splitting tensile strength are not significantly improved, the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete mixed with 5% fibrous villous type WTBW decrease, and the addition of WTBW can improve the significant anisotropy of concrete. The analysis of pore structure shows that powder WTBW plays a role of filling compaction in concrete and can effectively reduce the concrete porosity, while fibrous villous type WTBW increases the concrete porosity.

Key words: concrete, wind turbine blade solid waste, 3D printing, printing performance, mechanical property, pore structure

CLC Number:

TU528

LI Wanrun, YAO Jianbing, ZHAO Wenhai, GAO Zhefeng, DU Yongfeng, ZHU Wenxuan. Printing Performance and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Concrete Mixed with Wind Turbine Blade Solid Waste[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2801-2813.

References

[1] FONTE R, XYDIS G. Wind turbine blade recycling: an evaluation of the European market potential for recycled composite materials[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021, 287: 112269.
[2] YAZDANBAKHSH A, BANK L C, RIEDER K A, et al. Concrete with discrete slender elements from mechanically recycled wind turbine blades[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2018, 128: 11-21.
[3] TAZI N, KIM J, BOUZIDI Y, et al. Waste and material flow analysis in the end-of-life wind energy system[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2019, 145: 199-207.
[4] LARSEN K. Recycling wind turbine blades[J]. Renewable Energy Focus, 2009, 9(7): 70-73.
[5] HAIDER M M, NASSIRI S, ENGLUND K, et al. Exploratory study of flexural performance of mechanically recycled glass fiber reinforced polymer shreds as reinforcement in cement mortar[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2021, 2675(10): 1254-1267.
[6] PŁAWECKA K, PRZYBYŁA J, KORNIEJENKO K, et al. Recycling of mechanically ground wind turbine blades as filler in geopolymer composite[J]. Materials, 2021, 14(21): 6539.
[7] RODIN H, NASSIRI S, ENGLUND K, et al. Recycled glass fiber reinforced polymer composites incorporated in mortar for improved mechanical performance[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 187: 738-751.
[8] ZHOU B Y, ZHANG M, MA G W. An experimental study on 3D printed concrete reinforced with fibers recycled from wind turbine blades[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2024, 91: 109578.
[9] 孙晓燕, 叶柏兴, 王海龙, 等. 3D打印混凝土材料与结构增强技术研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2021, 49(5): 878-886.
SUN X Y, YE B X, WANG H L, et al. Recent development on reinforcing technology of 3D printing concrete materials and structure[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 49(5): 878-886 (in Chinese).
[10] HOU S D, DUAN Z H, XIAO J Z, et al. A review of 3D printed concrete: performance requirements, testing measurements and mix design[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 273: 121745.
[11] KHAN M S, SANCHEZ F, ZHOU H Y. 3-D printing of concrete: beyond horizons[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2020, 133: 106070.
[12] WENG Y W, LI M Y, RUAN S Q, et al. Comparative economic, environmental and productivity assessment of a concrete bathroom unit fabricated through 3D printing and a precast approach[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 261: 121245.
[13] KREIGER E L, KREIGER M A, CASE M P. Development of the construction processes for reinforced additively constructed concrete[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2019, 28: 39-49.
[14] LIM S, BUSWELL R A, LE T T, et al. Developments in construction-scale additive manufacturing processes[J]. Automation in Construction, 2012, 21: 262-268.
[15] 李维红, 常西栋, 王乾, 等. 矿物掺合料对3D打印水泥基材料性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2020, 39(10): 3101-3107.
LI W H, CHANG X D, WANG Q, et al. Effect of mineral admixture on properties of 3D printing cement-based materials[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 39(10): 3101-3107 (in Chinese).
[16] 张云升, 张宇, 陈逸东. 综论3D打印混凝土: 成型系统·可打印性能·流变性能·硬化性能·耐久性能·标准规范·工程应用[J]. 中国建材科技, 2021, 30(3): 8-17.
ZHANG Y S, ZHANG Y, CHEN Y D. Research progress of 3D printed concrete: processing system·printability·rheological property·harden property·durability·standard·applications[J]. China Building Materials Science & Technology, 2021, 30(3): 8-17 (in Chinese).
[17] CHIA K S, ZHANG M H. Effect of chemical admixtures on rheological parameters and stability of fresh lightweight aggregate concrete[J]. Magazine of Concrete Research, 2004, 56(8): 465-473.
[18] PERRET S, PALARDY D, BALLIVY G. Rheological behavior and setting time of microfine cement-based grouts[J]. ACI Materials Journal, 2000, 97(4): 472-478.
[19] FERRARIS C F, OBLA K H, HILL R. The influence of mineral admixtures on the rheology of cement paste and concrete[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31(2): 245-255.
[20] MUTHUKRISHNAN S, RAMAKRISHNAN S, SANJAYAN J. Technologies for improving buildability in 3D concrete printing[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2021, 122: 104144.
[21] MECHTCHERINE V, BOS F P, PERROT A, et al. Extrusion-based additive manufacturing with cement-based materials-Production steps, processes, and their underlying physics: a review[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2020, 132: 106037.
[22] 张超, 邓智聪, 马蕾, 等. 3D打印混凝土研究进展及其应用[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(6): 1769-1795.
ZHANG C, DENG Z C, MA L, et al. Research progress and application of 3D printing concrete[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 40(6): 1769-1795 (in Chinese).
[23] 张云升, 陈逸东, 刘诚. 含粗骨料3D打印混凝土可打印、力学、收缩性能与碳排放分析[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2023, 51(9): 2153-2165.
ZHANG Y S, CHEN Y D, LIU C. Printability, mechanics, shrinkage and carbon emission analysis of 3D printed concrete with coarse aggregates[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2023, 51(9): 2153-2165 (in Chinese).
[24] PAN Z F, SI D D, TAO J H, et al. Compressive behavior of 3D printed concrete with different printing paths and concrete ages[J]. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2023, 18: e01949.
[25] PANDA B, PAUL S C, MOHAMED N A N, et al. Measurement of tensile bond strength of 3D printed geopolymer mortar[J]. Measurement, 2018, 113: 108-116.
[26] 彭少斌, 管学茂. 3D打印煤矸石砂浆流变性能、打印性能与力学性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(5): 1623-1632.
PENG S B, GUAN X M. Research on rheological properties, printability and mechanical properties of 3D printing coal gangue mortar[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024, 43(5): 1623-1632 (in Chinese).
[27] LIU P, MENG F R, BARLOW C Y. Wind turbine blade end-of-life options: an eco-audit comparison[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 212: 1268-1281.
[28] XIAO J Z, LV Z Y, DUAN Z H, et al. Pore structure characteristics, modulation and its effect on concrete properties: a review[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 397: 132430.
[29] 冯奇, 刘光明, 巴恒静. 颗粒级配对水泥基材料有害孔隙率的影响[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 32(9): 1168-1172.
FENG Q, LIU G M, BA H J. Relation of grain grading and deleterious porosity of cement-based materials[J]. Journal of Tongji University, 2004, 32(9): 1168-1172 (in Chinese).
[30] STOVALL T, DE LARRARD F, BUIL M. Linear packing density model of grain mixtures[J]. Powder Technology, 1986, 48(1): 1-12.

Printing Performance and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Concrete Mixed with Wind Turbine Blade Solid Waste

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZHU Yiyang, GENG Haining, LI Zonggang, MA Haosen, LUO Yang, CHEN Wei, LI Qiu. Preparation and Fireproof Performance of Geopolymer Lightweight Fire Resistant Coating [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 3049-3060.
[2]	RUAN Jiahao, ZHANG Lei, LI Yujia. Effect of Sintering Schedule on Performance of Ceramic Bond Diamond Grinding Wheel [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2988-2995.
[3]	ZHU Jianping, CAO Jianan, WANG Zuolin, LI Genshen, LIU Songhui, ZHENG Bo, FENG Chunhua. Preparation of Carbonation-Bonded Clinker from Low-Calcium High-Magnesium Limestone and Its Carbonation-Hardening Mechanism [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2762-2770.
[4]	BAI Min, LONG Yong, HUANG Wangming, HU Xiongwei, GUO Meng. Effects of MgO Expansive Agents on Properties and Microstructure of Mortar under Matched Curing Condition [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2781-2789.
[5]	WANG Jiawei, LI Chuanhai, ZHANG Chong, ZHANG Xiuzhi. Effects of LDHs on Carbonation Resistance of Supersulfated Cement [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2790-2800.
[6]	LI Yisheng, LYU Wei, WU Chiqiu, YU Zhengkang, HE Jing, SHUI Zhonghe. Hardened Body Preparation and Performance Adjustment of High Content Phosphogypsum Cementitious Materials [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2944-2954.
[7]	WANG Yuzheng, ZHOU Haotian, XIE Xin, GAO Xu, GAO Kui, CAO Hongyou. Influence of Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration on Homogeneity of Widening Concrete [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2849-2855.
[8]	YANG Kuo, WANG Li, LI Zhijian. Collaborative Optimization of Strength and Accuracy of Binder Jetting 3D Printing Cementitious Materials [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2741-2751.
[9]	SUN Jiuye, SUN Qian, WANG Dongmei, YANG Renhe, LI Jiaqi, RONG Hui, GUO Yibing, ZHANG Pengyu. Effect and Mechanism of Liquid Nano-CaCO₃ on Mortar Properties [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2771-2780.
[10]	SUN Haohao, WANG Yifei, LIU Huawei, WU Yiwen, WANG Youqiang, LIU Chao. Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Shear Performance of 3D Printed Concrete Masonry [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2814-2822.
[11]	ZHAO Yu, WANG Zhe, ZHU Lingli. Effect of Fiber on Rheological and Mechanical Properties of 3DP-UHPC [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2823-2838.
[12]	LI Jie, LI Shunkai, ZHAO Huan, ZENG Qinwei. Effect of Nano-TiO₂ Modified Foaming Agent on Properties of Foam Concrete [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2839-2848.
[13]	YAN Wanying, WANG Dongxing, NIE Liwen. Preparation of High Belite Sulphoaluminate Cement Clinker from Industrial Solid Waste and Microscopic Mechanism of Mineral Formation [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2955-2964.
[14]	ZHU Jiahao, CHEN Shenggui, LIANG Jiahua, QIN Jiata, LI Nan, ZHOU Zhukun. Preparation and Properties of Blue Zirconia Ceramics Based on SLA Photopolymerization [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 2977-2987.
[15]	WANG Daming, ZHU Yewei, ZHANG Zixin, HONG Xinwen, MIAO Chunjie. Road Performance of Rice Husk Biochar Cement-Stabilized Crushed Stone [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 3105-3115.