Influence of Yellow River Fine Sand on Performance of Foamed Lightweight Soil

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0878

Abstract

Abstract:

The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin possess abundant Yellow River fine sand resources.Using it as fine aggregate to prepare foamed lightweight soil can alleviate the problem of river channel siltation to a certain extent. This paper systematically studied the effects of different content of Yellow River fine sand on the macroscopic properties， hydration products， and microstructure of foamed lightweight soil through performance tests including fluidity， wet density， compressive strength， shrinkage performance， water absorption rate， X-ray diffraction analysis， and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that 20% （mass fraction） content of Yellow River fine sand can exert a micro-aggregate effect， improving the mechanical properties of foamed lightweight soil and reducing water absorption rate. When the content of Yellow River fine sand continues to increase， a large content of mineral admixtures are replaced， leading to a weakened pozzolanic reaction， a decrease in hydration products such as C-S-H gel， the number of pores increases and pore sizes refine. The microstructure gradually tends to become loose， and the performance of foamed lightweight soil deteriorates. In addition， Yellow River fine sand can act as a skeleton inhibition role， and the self-shrinkage rate of foamed lightweight soil gradually decreases with the increase of Yellow River fine sand content.

Key words: Yellow River fine sand, foamed lightweight soil, self shrinkage rate, micro-aggregate effect, macroscopic property, microstructure

CLC Number:

U414

HAN Lei, CAO Hongxing, REN Jiafang, GUO Zhixiang, SONG Putao, WANG Jing, LENG Faguang. Influence of Yellow River Fine Sand on Performance of Foamed Lightweight Soil[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(4): 1248-1255.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Chemical composition of powder materials

Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	CaO	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	Na₂O	MgO	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	Other
Cement	58.52	6.72	21.82	0.20	3.63	3.29	0.90	4.92
Fly ash	3.96	35.82	49.63	0.46	0.86	5.37	2.32	1.58
Slag	42.83	17.63	26.96	0.63	5.26	1.96	0.80	3.93
Yellow River fine sand	11.27	11.58	63.18	1.73	1.60	4.97	2.34	3.33

Fig.1 Particle size distribution chart and XRD pattern of Yellow River fine sand

Table 2 Mix proportion of foamed lightweight soil with different content of Yellow River fine sand

Sample	Mass/kg						Designvolume/L	Design density/（kg·m^-3）
Sample	Cement	Fly ash	Slag	Yellow Riverfine sand	Water	Foam	Designvolume/L	Design density/（kg·m^-3）
Blank	200	400	400	0	400	9	1.00	1 407.09
H1	200	320	320	160	400	9	1.00	1 402.97
H2	200	240	240	320	400	9	1.00	1 398.88
H3	200	160	160	480	400	9	1.00	1 394.81
H4	200	80	80	640	400	9	1.00	1 390.77

Fig.2 Preparation flowchart

Fig.3 Influence of Yellow River fine sand content on working performance of foamed lightweight soil

Fig.4 Compressive strength of foamed lightweight soil at different ages

Fig.5 XRD patterns of 28 d hydration of foamed lightweight soil

Fig.6 Self shrinkage rate of foamed lightweight soil with different content of Yellow River fine sand

Fig.7 Water absorption rate of foamed lightweight soil with different content of Yellow River fine sand

Fig.8 SEM images of foamed lightweight soil at 28 d hydration

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