硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1122-1131.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0911
王海皓1(
), 甘元初1,2(
), 侯庆振3, 陈振富1,2, 金丹1,2, 付新博1
收稿日期:2025-09-10
修订日期:2025-11-11
出版日期:2026-04-20
发布日期:2026-05-14
通信作者:
甘元初,博士研究生,副教授。E-mail:454408950@qq.com作者简介:王海皓(2001—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事建筑防水材料的研究。E-mail:1403880621@qq.com
基金资助:
WANG Haihao1(
), GAN Yuanchu1,2(
), HOU Qingzhen3, CHEN Zhenfu1,2, JIN Dan1,2, FU Xinbo1
Received:2025-09-10
Revised:2025-11-11
Published:2026-04-20
Online:2026-05-14
摘要:
为提高水泥基材料的防水抗渗性,本文提出了一种绿色疏水粉末的制备方法。以硬脂酸为改性剂,采用机械球磨法对煅烧硅藻土(CD)进行疏水改性,以接触角为主要评价指标优化工艺参数,成功制备出疏水性优异的改性煅烧硅藻土(SA-CD)。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对SA-CD进行表征,系统研究了SA-CD以不同掺量替代水泥对砂浆性能的影响。结果表明:在硬脂酸掺量3%(质量分数)、球磨时间30 min、转速500 r/min的工艺条件下,所制备的SA-CD接触角达到152°;随SA-CD掺量增加,砂浆接触角持续增大,毛细吸水系数显著下降;同时,砂浆流动度呈先上升后下降的趋势;当SA-CD掺量为6%(质量分数)时,砂浆28 d抗折强度和抗压强度分别提升了8.81%和10.44%。微观分析表明,适量SA-CD可改善孔隙结构,提高致密性,从而增强砂浆的综合性能。
中图分类号:
王海皓, 甘元初, 侯庆振, 陈振富, 金丹, 付新博. 疏水改性煅烧硅藻土砂浆的制备及性能[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(4): 1122-1131.
WANG Haihao, GAN Yuanchu, HOU Qingzhen, CHEN Zhenfu, JIN Dan, FU Xinbo. Preparation and Performance of Hydrophobic-Modified Calcined Diatomite Mortar[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(4): 1122-1131.
| Material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | SO3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | LOI | |
| Cement | 21.56 | 9.75 | 49.28 | 1.04 | 2.79 | 1.97 | 4.41 |
| CD | 91.83 | 2.40 | 0.53 | 0.09 | 1.85 | 0.93 | 2.37 |
表1 水泥和CD的主要化学成分
Table 1 Main chemical composition of cement and CD
| Material | Mass fraction/% | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | SO3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | LOI | |
| Cement | 21.56 | 9.75 | 49.28 | 1.04 | 2.79 | 1.97 | 4.41 |
| CD | 91.83 | 2.40 | 0.53 | 0.09 | 1.85 | 0.93 | 2.37 |
| Number | Mass/g | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Water | Sand | SA-CD | |
| S0 | 450.0 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 0 |
| S3 | 436.5 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 13.5 |
| S6 | 423.0 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 27.0 |
| S9 | 409.5 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 40.5 |
| S12 | 396.0 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 54.0 |
| S15 | 382.5 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 67.5 |
表2 砂浆的配合比
Table 2 Mix proportion of mortar
| Number | Mass/g | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | Water | Sand | SA-CD | |
| S0 | 450.0 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 0 |
| S3 | 436.5 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 13.5 |
| S6 | 423.0 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 27.0 |
| S9 | 409.5 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 40.5 |
| S12 | 396.0 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 54.0 |
| S15 | 382.5 | 202.5 | 1 350.0 | 67.5 |
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