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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1220-1230.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1029

• 水泥混凝土 • 上一篇    下一篇

混凝土裂缝用地聚物注浆修复材料的性能优化及应用研究

魏舒鹏1(), 崔晨晨1, 王德辉2, 罗正东3,4(), 罗进5, 王亚军1, 陈英豪3,4   

  1. 1.新疆路桥建设集团有限公司,乌鲁木齐 830000
    2.福州大学土木工程学院,福州 350108
    3.湘潭大学土木工程学院,湘潭 411105
    4.岩土力学与工程安全湖南省重点实验室,湘潭 411105
    5.新疆路桥桥梁工程建设有限责任公司,乌鲁木齐 830019
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-22 修订日期:2025-12-03 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 罗正东,博士,副教授。E-mail:luozhengdong0425@163.com
  • 作者简介:魏舒鹏(1990—),男,工程师。主要从事新型建筑材料的研究。E-mail:wspxjlq@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ50008);湖南省重点研发项目(2024JK2047)

Performance Optimization and Application of Geopolymer Grouting Repairing Material for Concrete Crack

WEI Shupeng1(), CUI Chenchen1, WANG Dehui2, LUO Zhengdong3,4(), LUO Jin5, WANG Yajun1, CHEN Yinghao3,4   

  1. 1.Xinjiang Road and Bridge Construction Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Urumqi 830000,China
    2.College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China
    3.College of Civil Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China
    4.Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Engineering Safety,Xiangtan 411105,China
    5.Xinjiang Luqiao Bridge Construction Co. ,Ltd. ,Urumqi 830019,China
  • Received:2025-10-22 Revised:2025-12-03 Published:2026-04-20 Online:2026-05-14

摘要:

针对传统混凝土裂缝修复工艺时效性弱、抗侵蚀能力不足等缺陷,开发地聚物注浆修复材料(GGRM)进行裂缝修复可行性验证。首先,基于材料的实用性和适用性,采用氧化镁、氧化钙和硫铝酸钙三类膨胀剂对GGRM进行改性,重点关注了浆体工作性能和力学性能的发展规律;其次,优选GGRM对不同尺度的混凝土裂缝进行修复,探究了修复基体的抗压强度和耐硫酸盐、耐氯盐侵蚀性能;最后,基于微观表征手段揭示膨胀剂改性机理及裂缝界面黏结机制。结果表明:膨胀剂有效补偿了GGRM的收缩形变,流动度对硫铝酸钙掺量变化十分敏感,提高氧化钙掺量能大幅降低浆体凝结时间,但三类膨胀剂对GGRM的抗压强度均会产生不利影响;经氧化镁改性GGRM修复的带裂缝C30混凝土基体抗压强度最高达28.8 MPa,5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液侵蚀28 d后强度保留率为95.4%~97.7%,且5%(质量分数)Na2SO4溶液侵蚀28 d后的修复体强度保留率显著高于水泥修复组;微膨胀Mg(OH)2、Ca(OH)2和钙矾石(AFt)晶体生成是缓解收缩形变的关键,GGRM与既有混凝土界面黏结力增大得益于地聚物凝胶桥接作用及摩擦咬合效应。

关键词: 地聚物, 膨胀剂, 工作性能, 抗压强度, 裂缝修复, 微观机理

Abstract:

This study experimentally investigated the feasibility of using geopolymer grouting repairing material (GGRM) for concrete crack, with the aim of overcoming limitations of conventional methods such as slow setting and inadequate erosion resistance. Firstly, based on practical and applicability considerations, GGRM was modified using three types of expansive agents: magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, and calcium sulfoaluminate. The evolution of workability and mechanical properties of the grout was the primary focus. Subsequently, the optimal GGRM was selected to repair concrete cracks of varying widths. The compressive strength and resistance to sulfate and chloride salt erosion of the repaired matrix were evaluated. Finally, microscopic characterization techniques were employed to elucidate the modification mechanism of expansive agents and the bonding behavior at the crack interface. The results show that expansive agents effectively compensate for the shrinkage deformation of GGRM. Fluidity is highly sensitive to variations in calcium sulfoaluminate content, and increasing calcium oxide content significantly shortens the setting time of the grout. However, all three expansive agents have a negative impact on the compressive strength of GGRM. The compressive strength of the cracked C30 concrete matrix repaired using magnesium oxide-modified GGRM reaches up to 28.8 MPa. After 28 d of erosion in a 5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution, the strength retention rate of the repaired matrix is between 95.4% and 97.7%. Moreover, after exposure to 5% (mass fraction) Na2SO4 solution for 28 d, the strength retention rate of the concrete matrix is significantly higher than that of the cement-repaired control group. The key mechanism for mitigating shrinkage deformation is the formation of slightly expansive crystals such as Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, and ettringite (AFt). The enhanced bonding strength at the GGRM existing concrete interface is attributed to bridging connections by geopolymer gels and frictional interlocking effects.

Key words: geopolymer, expansive agent, workability, compressive strength, crack repair, microscopic mechanism

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