石棉尾矿与粉煤灰协同制备保温泡沫陶瓷的性能研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2024.1534

硅酸盐通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 2617-2629.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2024.1534

石棉尾矿与粉煤灰协同制备保温泡沫陶瓷的性能研究

杨进^1,2, 孙红娟^1,2, 彭同江^1,2, 罗利明^2,3, 陈仕泽^1,2

1.西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,绵阳 621010;
2.西南科技大学矿物材料及应用研究所,绵阳 621010;
3.国家原子能机构核环境安全技术创新中心,绵阳 621010

收稿日期:2024-12-12 修订日期:2025-01-26 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-24
通信作者: 孙红娟,博士,教授。E-mail:sunhongjuan@swust.edu.cn
作者简介:杨进(1999—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事固体废物资源化方面的研究。E-mail:yangjin19998@126.com
基金资助:
四川省知识产权局知识产权专项(2024-ZS-00154);西南科技大学研究生创新基金资助(24ycx1133);四川省科技计划资助(2025ZNSFSC0437)

Properties of Thermal Insulation Foam Ceramics Prepared by Asbestos Tailings and Coal Fly Ash

YANG Jin^1,2, SUN Hongjuan^1,2, PENG Tongjiang^1,2, LUO Liming^2,3, CHEN Shize^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
2. Institute of Mineral Materials and Applications, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
3. Caea Innovation Center of Nuclear Environmental Safety Technology,Mianyang 621010, China

Received:2024-12-12 Revised:2025-01-26 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为实现固体废物的高附加值利用,本研究以石棉尾矿和粉煤灰为主要原料,石英砂为辅料,通过自发泡工艺成功制备了顽火辉石-堇青石基保温泡沫陶瓷(简称泡沫陶瓷)。探讨了烧结温度和石英砂掺量对泡沫陶瓷孔隙结构、物理性能及热导率的影响。结果表明,泡沫陶瓷的热导率主要受气孔结构和分布的影响。随着石英砂掺量和烧结温度的增加,泡沫陶瓷的孔隙率逐渐增大,气孔由不均匀分布转变为均匀分布的闭孔结构,气孔内低热导率气体的存在有效抑制了热量的传导。与此同时,石英砂掺量的增加促进了低热导率晶相(如堇青石)的相对含量提高,而高热导率晶相(如尖晶石)的相对含量下降,从而进一步降低热导率。所制备泡沫陶瓷的常温热导率最低可达0.17 W/(m·K),孔隙率达到69.43%,抗压强度为18.77 MPa,优于《建筑节能与可再生能源利用通用规范》(GB 55015—2021)对建筑外墙保温材料的要求。该研究为石棉尾矿和粉煤灰的资源化利用提供了试验依据,并为建筑节能材料性能的提升提供了理论支持和实践参考,具有较好的环境效益和应用潜力。

关键词: 石棉尾矿, 粉煤灰, 保温泡沫陶瓷, 热传导机制, 物理性能

Abstract: In order to realize the high value-added utilization of solid waste, enstatite-cordierite based thermal insulation foam ceramics (foam ceramics) were successfully prepared by spontaneous foaming process with asbestos tailings and coal fly ash as main raw materials and quartz sand as auxiliary materials. The influences of sintering temperatures and quartz sand content on the pore structure, physical properties, and thermal conductivity of foam ceramics were investigated. The results show that the thermal conductivity of foam ceramics is mainly affected by pore structure and distribution. With the increase of quartz sand content and sintering temperature, the porosity of foam ceramics increases gradually, and the pores change from uneven distribution to uniform distribution of closed pore structure. The existence of low thermal conductivity gas in the pores effectively inhibits the heat conduction. At the same time, the increase of quartz sand content promotes the increase of the relative content of low thermal conductivity crystal phase (such as cordierite), while the relative content of high thermal conductivity crystal phase (such as spinel) decreases, thus further reducing the thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the prepared foam ceramics at room temperature can reach a minimum of 0.17 W/(m·K), the porosity reaches 69.43%, and the compressive strength is 18.77 MPa, which is better than the requirements of the "General code for energy efficiency and renewable energy application in buildings" (GB 55015—2021) for building exterior wall insulation materials. This paper presents experimental basis for the resource utilization of asbestos tailings and coal fly ash, and provides theoretical support and practical references for improving the performance of energy-efficient building materials, with significant environmental advantages and application potential.

Key words: asbestos tailings, coal fly ash, thermal insulation foam ceramics, thermal conductivity mechanism, physical property

中图分类号:

X754
TQ174

杨进, 孙红娟, 彭同江, 罗利明, 陈仕泽. 石棉尾矿与粉煤灰协同制备保温泡沫陶瓷的性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2025, 44(7): 2617-2629.

YANG Jin, SUN Hongjuan, PENG Tongjiang, LUO Liming, CHEN Shize. Properties of Thermal Insulation Foam Ceramics Prepared by Asbestos Tailings and Coal Fly Ash[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(7): 2617-2629.

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石棉尾矿与粉煤灰协同制备保温泡沫陶瓷的性能研究

Properties of Thermal Insulation Foam Ceramics Prepared by Asbestos Tailings and Coal Fly Ash

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