超高温陶瓷及其复合材料的稀土改性研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超高温陶瓷及其复合材料因具有耐超高温、轻质和抗氧化烧蚀等优点,目前已成为航空航天领域热结构材料研究的热点和前沿。基于稀土化合物在热障涂层等领域的优异性能和成功应用,研究人员将稀土化合物引入超高温陶瓷及其复合材料中,改善氧化层的结构和性质,以期解决超高温陶瓷基复合材料氧化层增长速度偏快和宽温域高低温循环氧化层易剥落等问题。本文综述了稀土改性超高温陶瓷及其复合材料的研究现状,分析探讨了改性机理,并展望了未来的研究发展方向。

关键词: 超高温陶瓷, 超高温陶瓷复合材料, 稀土元素, 氧化烧蚀行为, 化合物改性, 氧化层

Abstract: Ultra-high temperature ceramics and their composites have become the focus and frontier of thermal structural materials research in the field of aerospace because of their advantages of ultra-high temperature resistance, lightweight and anti-oxidation ablation. Based on the excellent performance and successful application of rare earth compounds in thermal barrier coatings and other fields, researchers have introduced rare earth compounds into ultra-high temperature ceramics and their composites to improve the structure and properties of oxide layer in order to solve the problems of rapid growth of oxide layer of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites and easy spalling of high and low temperature circulating oxygenation layer in a wide temperature range. This paper summarized the research status of rare earth modified ultra-high temperature ceramics and their composites, analyzed and discussed the modification mechanism, and looked forward to the future research and development direction.

Key words: ultra-high temperature ceramics, ultra-high temperature ceramic composite, rare earth element, oxidation and ablation behavior, compound modification, oxide layer

中图分类号:

TQ174.1

史扬帆, 潘勇, 高扬, 迟蓬涛, 陈思安. 超高温陶瓷及其复合材料的稀土改性研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(2): 682-693.

SHI Yangfan, PAN Yong, GAO Yang, CHI Pengtao, CHEN Sian. Research Progress on Rare Earth Modified Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics and Their Composites[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(2): 682-693.

参考文献

[1] 郭强强, 冯志海, 周延春. 超高温陶瓷的研究进展[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2015, 45(5): 1-13.
GUO Q Q, FENG Z H, ZHOU Y C. Progress on ultra-high temperature ceramics[J]. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2015, 45(5): 1-13 (in Chinese).
[2] 严春雷, 袁蓓, 查柏林. 超高温陶瓷材料研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2017, 36(11): 3703-3707.
YAN C L, YUAN B, ZHA B L. Progress in ultra-high-temperature ceramic materials[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2017, 36(11): 3703-3707 (in Chinese).
[3] 张幸红, 胡平, 韩杰才, 等. 超高温陶瓷复合材料的研究进展[J]. 科学通报, 2015, 60(3): 257-266.
ZHANG X H, HU P, HAN J C, et al. Research progress on ultra-high temperature ceramic composites[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2015, 60(3): 257-266 (in Chinese).
[4] 严春雷, 刘荣军, 曹英斌, 等. 超高温陶瓷基复合材料制备工艺研究进展[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2012, 42(4): 7-11.
YAN C L, LIU R J, CAO Y B, et al. Research progress in preparation techniques of ultrahigh temperature ceramics based composites[J]. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2012, 42(4): 7-11 (in Chinese).
[5] 尹凯俐, 周立娟, 魏春城, 等. 碳纤维增韧ZrC-SiC陶瓷基复合材料制备工艺研究现状[J]. 陶瓷学报, 2018, 39(2): 132-137.
YIN K L, ZHOU L J, WEI C C, et al. Research progress in fabrication of carbon fiber reinforced ZrC-SiC ceramic matrix composites[J]. Journal of Ceramics, 2018, 39(2): 132-137 (in Chinese).
[6] KÜTEMEYER M, SCHOMER L, HELMREICH T, et al. Fabrication of ultra high temperature ceramic matrix composites using a reactive melt infiltration process[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2016, 36(15): 3647-3655.
[7] JIANG J M, WANG S, LI W, et al. Preparation of 3D C_f/ZrC-SiC composites by joint processes of PIP and RMI[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2014, 607: 334-340.
[8] WANG D K, DONG S M, ZHOU H J, et al. Effect of pyrolytic carbon interface on the properties of 3D C/ZrC-SiC composites fabricated by reactive melt infiltration[J]. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(8): 10272-10278.
[9] BARGERON C B, BENSON R C, JETTE A N, et al. Oxidation of hafnium carbide in the temperature range 1 400 ℃ to 2 060 ℃[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1993, 76(4): 1040-1046.
[10] CHANG Y B, SUN W, XIONG X, et al. Microstructure and ablation behaviors of a novel gradient C/C-ZrC-SiC composite fabricated by an improved reactive melt infiltration[J]. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(15): 16906-16915.
[11] WANG S L, LI H, REN M S, et al. Microstructure and ablation mechanism of C/C-ZrC-SiC composites in a plasma flame[J]. Ceramics International, 2017, 43(14): 10661-10667.
[12] CHEN X W, FENG Q, ZHOU H J, et al. Ablation behavior of three-dimensional C_f/SiC-ZrC-ZrB₂ composites prepared by a joint process of sol-gel and reactive melt infiltration[J]. Corrosion Science, 2018, 134: 49-56.
[13] YAN B, CHEN Z F, ZHU J X, et al. Effects of ablation at different regions in three-dimensional orthogonal C/SiC composites ablated by oxyacetylene torch at 1800 ℃[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2009, 209(7): 3438-3443.
[14] LAMOUROUX F, NASLAIN R, JOUIN J M. Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 2D woven C/SiC composites: ii, theoretical approach[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(8): 2058-2068.
[15] LIU J, ZHANG L T, HU F, et al. Polymer-derived yttrium silicate coatings on 2D C/SiC composites[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2013, 33(2): 433-439.
[16] PI H L, FAN S W, WANG Y G. C/SiC-ZrB₂-ZrC composites fabricated by reactive melt infiltration with ZrSi₂ alloy[J]. Ceramics International, 2012, 38(8): 6541-6548.
[17] WANG Y G, ZHU X J, ZHANG L T, et al. Reaction kinetics and ablation properties of C/C-ZrC composites fabricated by reactive melt infiltration[J]. Ceramics International, 2011, 37(4): 1277-1283.
[18] TIAN Y S, CHEN C Z, WANG D Y, et al. Recent developments in zirconia thermal barrier coatings[J]. Surface Review and Letters, 2005, 12(3): 369-378.
[19] 吴硕, 赵远涛, 李文戈, 等. 氧化锆基双陶瓷层热障涂层表层材料研究进展[J]. 表面技术, 2020, 49(9): 101-108.
WU S, ZHAO Y T, LI W G, et al. Research progress on top coating materials of thermal barrier coatings with double-ceramic-layer based on zirconia[J]. Surface Technology, 2020, 49(9): 101-108 (in Chinese).
[20] MILLER R A. Thermal barrier coatings for aircraft engines: history and directions[J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 1997, 6(1): 35-42.
[21] 赵鹏森, 曹新鹏, 郑海忠, 等. 稀土掺杂热障涂层的研究进展[J]. 航空材料学报, 2021, 41(4): 83-95.
ZHAO P S, CAO X P, ZHENG H Z, et al. Research progress of rare earth doped thermal barrier coatings[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 2021, 41(4): 83-95 (in Chinese).
[22] ZHANG X H, HU P, HAN J C, et al. The addition of lanthanum hexaboride to zirconium diboride for improved oxidation resistance[J]. Scripta Materialia, 2007, 57(11): 1036-1039.
[23] JAYASEELAN D D, ZAPATA-SOLVAS E, BROWN P, et al. In situ formation of oxidation resistant refractory coatings on SiC-reinforced ZrB₂ ultra high temperature ceramics[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2012, 95(4): 1247-1254.
[24] LIU H Z, YANG X, FANG C Q, et al. Ablation resistance and mechanism of SiC-LaB₆ and SiC-LaB₆-ZrB₂ ceramics under plasma flame[J]. Ceramics International, 2020, 46(10): 16249-16256.
[25] THANGADURAI P, BOSE A C, RAMASAMY S. Phase stabilization and structural studies of nanocrystalline La₂O₃-ZrO₂[J].Journal of Materials Science, 2005, 40(15): 3963-3968.
[26] KASHYAP S K, KUMAR A, MITRA R. Kinetics and evolution of oxide scale during various stages of isothermal oxidation at 1 300 ℃ in spark plasma sintered ZrB₂-SiC-LaB₆ composites[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2020, 40(15): 4997-5011.
[27] ZAPATA-SOLVAS E, JAYASEELAN D D, BROWN P M, et al. Thermal properties of La₂O₃-doped ZrB₂- and HfB₂-based ultra-high temperature ceramics[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2013, 33(15/16): 3467-3472.
[28] ZAPATA-SOLVAS E, JAYASEELAN D D, BROWN P M, et al. Effect of La₂O₃ addition on long-term oxidation kinetics of ZrB₂-SiC and HfB₂-SiC ultra-high temperature ceramics[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2014, 34(15): 3535-3548.
[29] 李学英, 张幸红, 韩杰才, 等. Y₂O₃掺杂ZrB₂-SiC基超高温陶瓷的抗烧蚀性能[J]. 稀有金属材料与工程, 2011, 40(5): 820-823.
LI X Y, ZHANG X H, HAN J C, et al. Ablation resistance behavior of ZrB₂-SiC ultra-high temperature ceramics with Y₂O₃ addition[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2011, 40(5): 820-823 (in Chinese).
[30] KOVÁČOVÁ Z, OROVČÍK L, SEDLÁČEK J, et al. The effect of YB₄ addition in ZrB₂-SiC composites on the mechanical properties and oxidation performance tested up to 2 000 ℃[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2020, 40(12): 3829-3843.
[31] KOVÁČOVÁ Z, BAČA L, NEUBAUER E, et al. Influence of sintering temperature, SiC particle size and Y₂O₃ addition on the densification, microstructure and oxidation resistance of ZrB₂-SiC ceramics[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2016, 36(12): 3041-3049.
[32] MA H C, MIAO Q, LIANG W P, et al. High temperature oxidation resistance of Y₂O₃ modified ZrB₂-SiC coating for carbon/carbon composites[J]. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(5): 6728-6735.
[33] ZHANG X H, LI X Y, HAN J C, et al. Effects of Y₂O₃ on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB₂-SiC ceramics[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2008, 465(1/2): 506-511.
[34] LI X Y, HAN J C, ZHANG X H, et al. Effect of the rare earth oxides on sintering behavior and microstructure of ZrB₂-SiC ceramics[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2008, 368/369/370/371/372: 1740-1742.
[35] CHEN M M, LI H J, YAO X Y, et al. High temperature oxidation resistance of La₂O₃-modified ZrB₂-SiC coating for SiC-coated carbon/carbon composites[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018, 765: 37-45.
[36] CHEN M M, YAO X Y, FENG G H, et al. Anti-ablation performance of La₂O₃-modified ZrB₂ coating on SiC-coated carbon/carbon composites[J]. Ceramics International, 2020, 46(18): 28758-28766.
[37] JIA Y J, LI H J, FU Q G, et al. Ablation behavior of ZrC-La₂O₃ coating for SiC-coated carbon/carbon composites under an oxyacetylene torch[J]. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(12): 14236-14245.
[38] 姚西媛, 陈苗苗, 冯广辉. La₂O₃改性ZrB₂-SiC涂层C/C复合材料全温域抗氧化行为研究[J]. 稀有金属材料与工程, 2020, 49(1): 241-246.
YAO X Y, CHEN M M, FENG G H. Antioxidant behavior of La₂O₃ modified ZrB₂-SiC coating for C/C composites at full temperature[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2020, 49(1): 241-246 (in Chinese).
[39] ZHAO L Y, JIA D C, WANG Y J, et al. ZrC-ZrB₂ matrix composites with enhanced toughness prepared by reactive hot pressing[J]. Scripta Materialia, 2010, 63(8): 887-890.
[40] FANG C Q, YANG X, CHAI L Y, et al. Modifying effects of in situ grown LaB₆ on composition, microstructure and ablation property of C/C-SiC-ZrC composites[J]. Corrosion Science, 2022, 209: 110672.
[41] JIA Y J, LI H J, FENG L, et al. Ablation behavior of rare earth La-modified ZrC coating for SiC-coated carbon/carbon composites under an oxyacetylene torch[J]. Corrosion Science, 2016, 104: 61-70.
[42] FANG C Q, HUANG B Y, YANG X, et al. Effects of LaB₆ on the microstructures and ablation properties of 3D C/C-SiC-ZrB₂-LaB₆ composites[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2020, 40(8): 2781-2790.
[43] LI B, LI H J, YAO X Y, et al. Ablation behavior of sharp leading edge parts made of rare earth La-compound modified ZrB₂ coated C/C composites[J]. Corrosion Science, 2020, 175: 108895.
[44] JIA Y J, LI H J, LI L, et al. Effect of monolithic LaB₆ on the ablation resistance of ZrC/SiC coating prepared by supersonic plasma spraying for C/C composites[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2016, 32(10): 996-1002.
[45] JIA Y J, LI H J, YAO X Y, et al. Effect of LaB₆ content on the gas evolution and structure of ZrC coating for carbon/carbon composites during ablation[J]. Ceramics International, 2017, 43(4): 3601-3609.
[46] FANG C Q, YANG X, HE K J, et al. Microstructure and ablation properties of La₂O₃ modified C/C-SiC composites prepared via precursor infiltration pyrolysis[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2019, 39(4): 762-772.
[47] JIA Y J, LI H J, YAO X Y, et al. Long-time ablation protection of carbon/carbon composites with different-La₂O₃-content modified ZrC coating[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2018, 38(4): 1046-1058.
[48] CHEN B W, NI D W, LU J, et al. Long-term and cyclic ablation behavior of La₂O₃ modified C_f/ZrB₂-SiC composites at 2 500 ℃[J]. Corrosion Science, 2022, 206: 110538.
[49] WANG C, ZINKEVICH M, ALDINGER F. The zirconia-hafnia system: DTA measurements and thermodynamic calculations[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2006, 89: 3751-3758.
[50] SMITH A W, MESZAROS F W, AMATA C D. Permeability of zirconia, hafnia, and thoria to oxygen[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1966, 49(5): 240-244.
[51] FENG G H, LI H J, YAO X Y, et al. Mechanical properties and ablation resistance of La₂O₃-modified HfC-SiC coating for SiC-coated C/C composites[J]. Corrosion Science, 2021, 182: 109259.
[52] FANG C Q, HUANG B Y, YANG X, et al. Effects of LaB₆ on composition, microstructure and ablation property of the HfC-TaC-SiC doped C/C composites prepared by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis[J]. Corrosion Science, 2021, 184: 109347.
[53] LUO L, LIU J P, DUAN L Y, et al. Multiple ablation resistance of La₂O₃/Y₂O₃-doped C/SiC-ZrC composites[J]. Ceramics International, 2015, 41(10): 12878-12886.
[54] VINCI A, ZOLI L, GALIZIA P, et al. Influence of Y₂O₃ addition on the mechanical and oxidation behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced ZrB₂/SiC composites[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2020, 40(15): 5067-5075.
[55] LIN H, LIU Y Y, LIANG W P, et al. Effect of the Y₂O₃ amount on the oxidation behavior of ZrB₂-SiC-based coatings for carbon/carbon composites[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2022, 42(12): 4770-4782.
[56] SHEN X T, WANG X, SHI Z Q, et al. Effect of yttrium carbide on ablation behavior of zirconium carbide modified carbon/carbon composites[J]. Corrosion Science, 2020, 170: 108675.