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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1208-1219.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0892

• 水泥混凝土 • 上一篇    下一篇

复掺缓凝剂对3D打印混凝土建造性能的影响

吴捷(), 唐振中(), 邓恺, 姚勇   

  1. 华润水泥技术研发(广西)有限公司,广州 510460
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-05 修订日期:2025-11-13 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 唐振中,博士,正高级工程师。E-mail:tangzhenzhong@cr-bmt.com
  • 作者简介:吴捷(1997—),女。主要从事建筑材料方面的研究。E-mail:2460034140@qq.com

Influence of Composite Retarder on Construction Performance of 3D Printing Concrete

WU Jie(), TANG Zhenzhong(), DEI Kai, YAO Yong   

  1. China Resources Cement Technology Research and Development (Guangxi) Co. ,Ltd. ,Guangzhou 510460,China
  • Received:2025-09-05 Revised:2025-11-13 Published:2026-04-20 Online:2026-05-14

摘要:

为满足3D打印混凝土连续化作业对抗压强度和凝结时间等性能的要求,本文采用葡萄糖酸钠和柠檬酸钠复配缓凝剂的方式,通过测试复合浆体流变特性、抗压强度及凝结时间等性能,成功制备了可同时满足可打印性、可建造性、抗压强度及凝结时间的3D打印混凝土。结果表明:当柠檬酸钠和葡萄糖酸钠掺量在0.02%~0.10%(质量分数)、复配缓凝剂总掺量在0.10%和0.12%时,均可有效延缓水泥水化,初凝、终凝时间相较对照组分别增长了32~42 min和34~50 min;复配缓凝剂总掺量变化对不同组分间凝结时间、早期强度及流变特性的影响并不显著,但柠檬酸钠与葡萄糖酸钠的占比变化,对3D打印混凝土的凝结时间、早期强度及流变特性影响较为显著。当柠檬酸钠与葡萄糖酸钠掺量在1∶1~2∶1时,3D打印混凝土整体性能较优。同时,利用复合缓凝剂制备的3D打印混凝土成功实现了预制叠合楼板边模的连续化打印。

关键词: 3D打印混凝土, 复合缓凝剂, 葡萄糖酸钠, 柠檬酸钠, 混凝土性能, 工程应用

Abstract:

This study addressed the requirements for compressive strength and setting time in continuous 3D printing concrete construction by employing a composite retarder of sodium gluconate and sodium citrate. By testing rheological properties, compressive strength, and setting time of the composite paste, a type of 3D printing concrete was successfully developed that concurrently met the demands of printability, buildability, compressive strength, and setting time. The results indicate that when the dosage of sodium citrate or sodium gluconate is between 0.02% and 0.10% (mass fraction), or when the composite retarder dosage is 0.10% or 0.12%, the cement hydration is effectively delayed. Compared to the reference group, the initial and final setting times are extended by 32~42 min and 34~50 min, respectively. The variation in total composite retarder dosage shows no significant effect on the setting time, early-age strength, or rheological properties of different mixtures. However, the variation in proportion between sodium citrate and sodium gluconate demonstrates considerable influence on the setting time, early-age strength, and rheological properties of the 3D printing concrete. When the mass ratio of sodium citrate to sodium gluconate ranges from 1∶1 to 2∶1, the overall performance of the 3D printing concrete is optimal. Additionally, the 3D printing concrete prepared with composite retarder is successfully enabled the continuous printing of precast composite floor slab side formwork.

Key words: 3D printing concrete, composite retarder, sodium gluconate, sodium citrate, concrete performance, engineering application

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