硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 582-591.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0889
王冬冬1(
), 张帅伟2(
), 宋新江1, 徐海波1, 尹祥1, 乔磊鑫3
收稿日期:2025-09-03
修订日期:2025-10-24
出版日期:2026-02-20
发布日期:2026-03-09
通信作者:
张帅伟,工程师。E-mail:zhshuaiwei@sina.com作者简介:王冬冬(1995—),男。主要从事固化土技术方面的研究。E-mail:wangdongdong9512@163.com
基金资助:
WANG Dongdong1(
), ZHANG Shuaiwei2(
), SONG Xinjiang1, XU Haibo1, YIN Xiang1, QIAO Leixin3
Received:2025-09-03
Revised:2025-10-24
Published:2026-02-20
Online:2026-03-09
摘要:
淤泥质土在我国广泛分布,因含水率高、承载力低,难以直接用于工程建设。为改善淤泥质土性能,本文以矿渣、电石渣和脱硫石膏为固化剂,采用响应面法中的Box-Behnken design(BBD)数值分析,研究三者掺量对淤泥质土力学性能的影响规律并确定最优配比;再通过对比干湿作用下黄原胶固化土的强度与质量损失率,验证最优配比的有效性;最后结合SEM分析固化机理。结果表明,养护7 d后,随着矿渣和电石渣含量的增大,淤泥质土的无侧限抗压强度先增大后减小。养护28 d后,随着电石渣和脱硫石膏掺量的增加,淤泥质土的无侧限抗压强度先增加后下降。最优掺量为矿渣18.43%(质量分数,下同)、电石渣9.13%、脱硫石膏4.06%,该配比下强度与耐久性优于黄原胶固化土。固化剂的掺入导致水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)、水化硅铝酸钙(C-A-S-H)及钙矾石等凝胶产物生成,试样颗粒得到胶结与包裹,驱动孔隙结构优化与密实度增强,进而促进宏观层面的土体强度与耐久性能的提升。
中图分类号:
王冬冬, 张帅伟, 宋新江, 徐海波, 尹祥, 乔磊鑫. 基于响应面法的矿渣-电石渣-脱硫石膏固化淤泥质土力学性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(2): 582-591.
WANG Dongdong, ZHANG Shuaiwei, SONG Xinjiang, XU Haibo, YIN Xiang, QIAO Leixin. Mechanical Properties of Silty Clay Stabilized with GGBS-Carbide Slag-Desulfurization Gypsum Based on Response Surface Methodology[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(2): 582-591.
| Natural water content/% | Density ratio | Dry density/(g·cm-3) | Liquid limit/% | Plastic limit/% | Specific gravity/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58.15 | 3.21 | 1.17 | 31.22 | 15.64 | 2.79 |
表1 淤泥质土的基本物理力学性质
Table 1 Basic physical and mechanical properties of silt clay
| Natural water content/% | Density ratio | Dry density/(g·cm-3) | Liquid limit/% | Plastic limit/% | Specific gravity/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58.15 | 3.21 | 1.17 | 31.22 | 15.64 | 2.79 |
| Material | Mass fraction/% | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaO | SiO2 | Al2O3 | SO3 | MgO | Fe2O3 | Na2O | Other | |
| Silty clay | 0.89 | 59.82 | 11.68 | — | 2.38 | 8.45 | 2.53 | 15.14 |
| GGBS | 30.06 | 36.50 | 20.60 | — | 5.92 | 1.23 | 1.05 | 4.64 |
| Desulfurization gypsum | 44.08 | 18.55 | 0.69 | 35.64 | — | 0.69 | 0.35 | — |
表2 淤泥质土与固化剂(矿渣和脱硫石膏)的主要化学组成
Table 2 Main chemical composition of silt clay and curing agents (GGBS and desulfurization gypsum)
| Material | Mass fraction/% | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaO | SiO2 | Al2O3 | SO3 | MgO | Fe2O3 | Na2O | Other | |
| Silty clay | 0.89 | 59.82 | 11.68 | — | 2.38 | 8.45 | 2.53 | 15.14 |
| GGBS | 30.06 | 36.50 | 20.60 | — | 5.92 | 1.23 | 1.05 | 4.64 |
| Desulfurization gypsum | 44.08 | 18.55 | 0.69 | 35.64 | — | 0.69 | 0.35 | — |
| Chemical composition | CaO | SiO2 | SiO | Al2O3 | Na2O | MgO | Fe2O3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass fraction/% | 84.10 | 5.92 | 3.30 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.68 | 5.73 |
表3 电石渣主要化学组成
Table 3 Main chemical composition of carbide slag
| Chemical composition | CaO | SiO2 | SiO | Al2O3 | Na2O | MgO | Fe2O3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mass fraction/% | 84.10 | 5.92 | 3.30 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.68 | 5.73 |
| Influence factor | Code | Code level | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| GGBS content/% | X1 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Carbide slag content/% | X2 | 6 | 8 | 10 |
| Desulfurization gypsum content/% | X3 | 3 | 5 | 7 |
表4 BBD试验方案
Table 4 BBD test plan
| Influence factor | Code | Code level | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| GGBS content/% | X1 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Carbide slag content/% | X2 | 6 | 8 | 10 |
| Desulfurization gypsum content/% | X3 | 3 | 5 | 7 |
| Serial number | Factor | Unconfined compressive strength/kPa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X1 | X2 | X3 | 7 d | 28 d | |
| 1 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 401 | 685 |
| 2 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 462 | 584 |
| 3 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 488 | 711 |
| 4 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 531 | 732 |
| 5 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 411 | 688 |
| 6 | 15 | 6 | 7 | 488 | 711 |
| 7 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 585 | 841 |
| 8 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 579 | 821 |
| 9 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 601 | 811 |
| 10 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 555 | 802 |
| 11 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 574 | 821 |
| 12 | 15 | 10 | 3 | 461 | 685 |
| 13 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 601 | 875 |
| 14 | 20 | 6 | 5 | 585 | 743 |
| 15 | 20 | 8 | 3 | 501 | 644 |
| 16 | 20 | 8 | 7 | 614 | 815 |
| 17 | 20 | 10 | 5 | 543 | 802 |
表5 响应面BBD试验预测值
Table 5 Prediction values of response surface BBD test
| Serial number | Factor | Unconfined compressive strength/kPa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X1 | X2 | X3 | 7 d | 28 d | |
| 1 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 401 | 685 |
| 2 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 462 | 584 |
| 3 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 488 | 711 |
| 4 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 531 | 732 |
| 5 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 411 | 688 |
| 6 | 15 | 6 | 7 | 488 | 711 |
| 7 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 585 | 841 |
| 8 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 579 | 821 |
| 9 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 601 | 811 |
| 10 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 555 | 802 |
| 11 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 574 | 821 |
| 12 | 15 | 10 | 3 | 461 | 685 |
| 13 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 601 | 875 |
| 14 | 20 | 6 | 5 | 585 | 743 |
| 15 | 20 | 8 | 3 | 501 | 644 |
| 16 | 20 | 8 | 7 | 614 | 815 |
| 17 | 20 | 10 | 5 | 543 | 802 |
| Source | 7 d | 28 d | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | F | Coefficient | P | F | Coefficient | |
| Model | 0.000 1 | 26.84 | 582.6 | <0.000 1 | 41.32 | 823.04 |
| X1 | 0.000 2 | 54.59 | 45.13 | 0.000 4 | 38.79 | 36.51 |
| X2 | 0.001 3 | 26.39 | 31.38 | 0.000 7 | 32.43 | 33.37 |
| X3 | 0.000 2 | 53.09 | 44.52 | <0.000 1 | 118.82 | 63.88 |
| X1X2 | 0.001 6 | 24.78 | -43.01 | 0.006 4 | 0.13 | 3.05 |
| X1X3 | 0.039 9 | 6.34 | 21.75 | 0.032 5 | 1.76 | 11.15 |
| X2X3 | 0.012 0 | 3.32 | 15.74 | 0.015 0 | 25.38 | 41.75 |
| X12 | 0.042 8 | 6.11 | -20.81 | <0.000 1 | 68.54 | -66.87 |
| X22 | 0.000 9 | 30.91 | -46.83 | 0.043 2 | 3.74 | -15.62 |
| X32 | 0.000 1 | 29.27 | -45.51 | <0.000 1 | 70.09 | -67.63 |
表6 方差分析结果
Table 6 Analysis of variance results
| Source | 7 d | 28 d | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | F | Coefficient | P | F | Coefficient | |
| Model | 0.000 1 | 26.84 | 582.6 | <0.000 1 | 41.32 | 823.04 |
| X1 | 0.000 2 | 54.59 | 45.13 | 0.000 4 | 38.79 | 36.51 |
| X2 | 0.001 3 | 26.39 | 31.38 | 0.000 7 | 32.43 | 33.37 |
| X3 | 0.000 2 | 53.09 | 44.52 | <0.000 1 | 118.82 | 63.88 |
| X1X2 | 0.001 6 | 24.78 | -43.01 | 0.006 4 | 0.13 | 3.05 |
| X1X3 | 0.039 9 | 6.34 | 21.75 | 0.032 5 | 1.76 | 11.15 |
| X2X3 | 0.012 0 | 3.32 | 15.74 | 0.015 0 | 25.38 | 41.75 |
| X12 | 0.042 8 | 6.11 | -20.81 | <0.000 1 | 68.54 | -66.87 |
| X22 | 0.000 9 | 30.91 | -46.83 | 0.043 2 | 3.74 | -15.62 |
| X32 | 0.000 1 | 29.27 | -45.51 | <0.000 1 | 70.09 | -67.63 |
图5 不同干湿循环次数下SCD 固化剂与黄原胶固化淤泥质土的质量损失
Fig.5 Mass loss of silt clay stabilized with SCD stabilizer and xanthan gum with different numbers of dry-wet cycles
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