Effect and Mechanism of Carbonation Curing on Mechanical Properties and Water Resistance of Phosphogypsum-Based Composite Cementitious Materials

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0384

Abstract

Abstract:

Phosphogypsum-based materials have poor water resistance and insufficient strength， which limits their large-scale resource utilization. In this paper， phosphogypsum-based composite cementitious material （PGC） was constructed by using hemihydrate phosphogypsum as the main raw material， mixed with cement， fly ash and quicklime. The effects of standard， water bath and carbonation curing on the mechanical properties， water resistance and microstructure of PGC were studied. The results show that the 28 d compressive strength of PGC under three curing conditions is significantly higher than that of single phosphogypsum system， and the compressive strength under standard curing is the highest， reaching 33.78 MPa. Under carbonation curing， PGC has both high strength and excellent water resistance. The 28 d compressive strength is 27.68 MPa， the compressive softening coefficient is 1.0. The results of TGA， XRD， FTIR and SEM show that calcium silicate hydrate （C-S-H）， AFt and CaCO₃ are synergistically formed by cement hydration， fly ash-lime pozzolanic reaction and carbonation deposition. CaCO₃ is mainly deposited in crystal gaps， gel pores and local microcracks， and improves the continuity of microstructure together with hydration products. Carbonation curing can effectively improve the strength-water resistance synergy of PGC， which can provide reference for high-value utilization of phosphogypsum， CO₂ sequestration and development of low-carbon cementitious materials.

Key words: phosphogypsum, softening coefficient, carbonation curing, compressive strength, carbonation deposition

CLC Number:

TU526

CHEN Mingsheng, YANG Ning, LIU Tianle, ZHENG Shaojun, LIU Peng. Effect and Mechanism of Carbonation Curing on Mechanical Properties and Water Resistance of Phosphogypsum-Based Composite Cementitious Materials[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(9): 3222-3232.

Figures/Tables 9

References 34

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Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	SO₃	Na₂O	Cl^-	P₂O₅	K₂O	TiO₂	SrO	Other
HPG	41.31	3.55	0.50	0.15	0.03	52.97	0.10	0.01	0.89	0.10	0.07	0.15	0.17
Cement	63.40	20.16	4.68	3.51	4.04	2.30	0.71	0.05	—	—	—	—	1.15
FA	4.33	46.26	42.30	3.33	0.51	0.62	0.24	0.02	0.25	0.55	1.24	0.07	0.28

Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	SO₃	Na₂O	Cl^-	P₂O₅	K₂O	TiO₂	SrO	Other
HPG	41.31	3.55	0.50	0.15	0.03	52.97	0.10	0.01	0.89	0.10	0.07	0.15	0.17
Cement	63.40	20.16	4.68	3.51	4.04	2.30	0.71	0.05	—	—	—	—	1.15
FA	4.33	46.26	42.30	3.33	0.51	0.62	0.24	0.02	0.25	0.55	1.24	0.07	0.28

Sample No.	Mass fraction/%				Water-solid mass ratio	Curing method
Sample No.	HPG	Cement	FA	Quicklime	Water-solid mass ratio	Curing method
PG-1	100.0	—	—	—	0.3	Standard curing
PG-2	100.0	—	—	—	0.3	Water bath curing
PG-3	100.0	—	—	—	0.3	Carbonation curing
PGC-1	60.0	22.4	9.6	8.0	0.3	Standard curing
PGC-2	60.0	22.4	9.6	8.0	0.3	Water bath curing
PGC-3	60.0	22.4	9.6	8.0	0.3	Carbonation curing

Sample No.	Mass fraction/%				Water-solid mass ratio	Curing method
Sample No.	HPG	Cement	FA	Quicklime	Water-solid mass ratio	Curing method
PG-1	100.0	—	—	—	0.3	Standard curing
PG-2	100.0	—	—	—	0.3	Water bath curing
PG-3	100.0	—	—	—	0.3	Carbonation curing
PGC-1	60.0	22.4	9.6	8.0	0.3	Standard curing
PGC-2	60.0	22.4	9.6	8.0	0.3	Water bath curing
PGC-3	60.0	22.4	9.6	8.0	0.3	Carbonation curing