Comparative Method for Determining Effective Thickness of Composite Glass Based on Comparative Test

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1216

Abstract

Abstract:

With the development of architectural science and the continuous improvement of engineering demand， composite glass， such as laminated glass and vacuum glazing， is being increasingly applied in building engineering. The mechanical behaviour of composite glass is complex， equivalent thickness is usually used to simplify the calculation and analysis process， and the current methodologies for determining its effective thickness exhibit limitations when applied to multi?layer or specially configured structures. This paper proposed an experimental method for determining the effective thickness based on comparative tests. Four?point bending tests were conducted to measure the bending stresses of monolithic glass and composite glass under identical loading and supporting conditions. The effective thickness of the composite glass was then calculated through a comparative formulation. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is applicable to various composite glass structures， including laminated glass， vacuum glazing， and vacuum-laminated composite glass. Compared with methods from current standards and measured values of the test show that the obtained effective thickness calculated by this proposed method offers satisfactory accuracy. Furthermore， a theoretical model based on the bending?tensile strength theory of laminated beams was introduced to validate the effective thickness of laminated glass， providing additional confirmation of the proposed method’s reliability.

Key words: laminated glass, vacuum glazing, vacuum-laminated composite glass, effective thickness, bending stress, bending-tensile strength theory of laminated beams

CLC Number:

TU502

CAO Dake, LIU Xiaogen, AI Xiang, YANG Zhe, YIN Rui, ZHANG Aonan. Comparative Method for Determining Effective Thickness of Composite Glass Based on Comparative Test[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(4): 1386-1397.

Figures/Tables 15

References 21

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Configurations	Thickness of glass and interlayer/mm
Glass+PVB+glass	6.00+1.52+6.00
Glass+PVB+glass	8.00+1.52+8.00
Glass+SGP+glass	6.00+1.52+6.00
Glass+SGP+glass	8.00+1.52+8.00
Glass+vaccum+glass	6.00+0.10+6.00
Glass+vaccum+glass	8.00+0.10+8.00
Glass+vaccum+glass+EVA+glass	6.00+0.10+6.00+1.52+6.00

Configurations	Thickness of glass and interlayer/mm
Glass+PVB+glass	6.00+1.52+6.00
Glass+PVB+glass	8.00+1.52+8.00
Glass+SGP+glass	6.00+1.52+6.00
Glass+SGP+glass	8.00+1.52+8.00
Glass+vaccum+glass	6.00+0.10+6.00
Glass+vaccum+glass	8.00+0.10+8.00
Glass+vaccum+glass+EVA+glass	6.00+0.10+6.00+1.52+6.00

Specimen	Load/N	Corresponding stress/MPa	Effective thickness/mm
6 mm+PVB+6 mm	500	16.8	8.0
	600	20.4	8.0
	700	24.1	8.0
	800	27.7	8.0
	900	31.2	8.0
	1 000	34.8	8.0
8 mm+PVB+8 mm	500	8.4	11.3
	600	10.0	11.4
	700	11.9	11.4
	800	13.8	11.3
	900	15.7	11.3
	1 000	17.7	11.2
6 mm+SGP+6 mm	500	9.6	14.0
	600	11.6	14.0
	700	13.6	14.0
	800	15.6	13.9
	900	17.5	14.0
	1 000	19.5	14.1
8 mm+SGP+8 mm	500	4.9	18.9
	600	6.1	18.7
	700	7.2	18.7
	800	8.3	18.6
	900	9.3	18.6
	1 000	10.5	18.5
6 mm+vaccum+6 mm	500	9.0	13.8
	600	10.9	13.8
	700	12.8	13.8
	800	14.8	13.9
	900	16.6	13.8
	1 000	18.5	13.8
8 mm+vaccum+8 mm	500	7.1	15.9
	600	8.5	15.8
	700	10.0	15.9
	800	11.3	15.8
	900	12.8	15.8
	1 000	14.2	15.7
6 mm+vaccum+6 mm+EVA+6 mm	500	4.7	18.7
	600	5.8	18.8
	700	6.8	18.9
	800	8.0	19.1
	900	9.1	19.2
	1 000	10.2	19.2

Specimen	Load/N	Corresponding stress/MPa	Effective thickness/mm
6 mm+PVB+6 mm	500	16.8	8.0
	600	20.4	8.0
	700	24.1	8.0
	800	27.7	8.0
	900	31.2	8.0
	1 000	34.8	8.0
8 mm+PVB+8 mm	500	8.4	11.3
	600	10.0	11.4
	700	11.9	11.4
	800	13.8	11.3
	900	15.7	11.3
	1 000	17.7	11.2
6 mm+SGP+6 mm	500	9.6	14.0
	600	11.6	14.0
	700	13.6	14.0
	800	15.6	13.9
	900	17.5	14.0
	1 000	19.5	14.1
8 mm+SGP+8 mm	500	4.9	18.9
	600	6.1	18.7
	700	7.2	18.7
	800	8.3	18.6
	900	9.3	18.6
	1 000	10.5	18.5
6 mm+vaccum+6 mm	500	9.0	13.8
	600	10.9	13.8
	700	12.8	13.8
	800	14.8	13.9
	900	16.6	13.8
	1 000	18.5	13.8
8 mm+vaccum+8 mm	500	7.1	15.9
	600	8.5	15.8
	700	10.0	15.9
	800	11.3	15.8
	900	12.8	15.8
	1 000	14.2	15.7
6 mm+vaccum+6 mm+EVA+6 mm	500	4.7	18.7
	600	5.8	18.8
	700	6.8	18.9
	800	8.0	19.1
	900	9.1	19.2
	1 000	10.2	19.2

Laminated glass	Effective thickness （EN 16612： 2019）/mm	Effective thickness （JGJ 102—2003）/mm
6 mm+SGP+6 mm	15.7	7.6
8 mm+SGP+8 mm	20.6	10.1
6 mm+PVB+6 mm	8.8	7.6
8 mm+PVB+8 mm	11.7	10.1