基于正交试验的多元共混绿色ECC制备与性能预测

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1245

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为降低水泥用量、促进固废资源化和提高工程水泥基复合材料（ECC）的强度和延性，本文研究了稻壳灰（RHA）、稻草灰（RSA）、玉米秸秆灰（CSA）多元共混部分替代水泥对ECC静力学性能的影响，基于正交试验原理设计了9组多元共混绿色ECC，开展了单轴拉伸、立方体抗压和四点弯曲性能试验，分析了RHA、RSA和CSA等因素在不同质量替代率（0%，5%和10%）下对ECC各项性能指标的影响，并建立了多元共混绿色ECC的静力学性能预测模型。研究结果表明，当RHA和CSA替代率均为5%时，多元共混绿色ECC的28 d抗拉强度、极限拉伸应变和极限弯曲荷载能力分别较基准ECC提高15.31%、46.64%和24.45%，各项性能最优；控制多元共混绿色ECC拉伸性能和挠度的主导因素是RHA，控制其抗压及抗弯强度的主导因素是CSA，而RSA的影响可忽略不计；本文建立的多元共混绿色ECC抗压强度二次回归模型和极限拉伸应变的线性回归模型的精度较高，可用于其静力学性能的预测，为农业固废灰在ECC中的应用提供了理论支撑。

关键词: 工程水泥基复合材料, 农业固废灰, 正交试验, 静力学性能, 性能预测

Abstract:

To reduce cement consumption， promote solid waste utilization， and enhance both the strength and ductility of engineered cementitious composites （ECC）， this study investigated the effects of partially replacing cement with a ternary blend of rice husk ash （RHA）， rice straw ash （RSA）， and corn straw ash （CSA） on the static mechanical properties of ECC. Based on the principles of orthogonal experimental design， 9 groups of multi-component blended green ECC mixtures were designed. Uniaxial tensile， cubic compressive， and four-point bending tests were conducted to analyze the influences of RHA， RSA， and CSA at different replacement ratios （0%， 5%， and 10%， mass fraction） on various mechanical performance indicators of ECC. Furthermore， a predictive model for the static mechanical properties of the ternary-blended green ECC was established. Results indicate that the mixture containing 5% RHA and 5% CSA exhibits the best mechanical performance， compared with the control. Its 28 d tensile strength， ultimate tensile strain， and flexural load capacity increase by 15.31%， 46.64%， and 24.45%， respectively. RHA was the dominant factor influencing tensile behavior， while CSA mainly affects compressive and flexural strength； the influence of RSA is minimal. Regression models developed for compressive strength and tensile strain showed good accuracy， providing theoretical support for utilizing agricultural waste ashes in green ECC.

Key words: engineered cementitious composite, agricultural waste ash, orthogonal experimental, static mechanical property, performance prediction

中图分类号:

TQ172

赵天璞, 占雪芳, 刘晓军, 黄聃, 赵怡彬, 王皓磊. 基于正交试验的多元共混绿色ECC制备与性能预测[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(6): 1988-2001.

ZHAO Tianpu, ZHAN Xuefang, LIU Xiaojun, HUANG Dan, ZHAO Yibin, WANG Haolei. Preparation and Performance Prediction of Multi-Component Blended Green ECC Based on Orthogonal Experiment[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(6): 1988-2001.

图/表 17

参考文献 21

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Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	K₂O	Fe₂O₃	Cl^-	MgO	SO₃	P₂O₅	MnO
PC	64.83	21.51	5.08	0	3.74	0	2.48	0.52	0	0
FA	0.26	50.26	31.14	0	4.16	0	1.21	2.16	0	0
RHA	4.31	82.32	0.46	7.00	0.18	1.22	0.68	1.57	1.81	0.38
RSA	10.87	56.96	1.45	18.35	0.49	2.51	3.00	2.66	1.53	1.83
CSA	15.59	35.72	2.20	24.37	1.29	3.45	5.80	3.21	7.76	0.29

Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	K₂O	Fe₂O₃	Cl^-	MgO	SO₃	P₂O₅	MnO
PC	64.83	21.51	5.08	0	3.74	0	2.48	0.52	0	0
FA	0.26	50.26	31.14	0	4.16	0	1.21	2.16	0	0
RHA	4.31	82.32	0.46	7.00	0.18	1.22	0.68	1.57	1.81	0.38
RSA	10.87	56.96	1.45	18.35	0.49	2.51	3.00	2.66	1.53	1.83
CSA	15.59	35.72	2.20	24.37	1.29	3.45	5.80	3.21	7.76	0.29

Sample No.	Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）				Sand-to-binder	Water-to-binder ratio	Flowability factor
Sample No.	PC	FA	Sand	Water	Sand-to-binder	Water-to-binder ratio	Flowability factor
1	553	663	438	324	0.36	0.36	16.60
2	553	663	304	324	0.25	0.36	17.58
3	553	663	182	324	0.15	0.36	16.31
4	553	663	304	342	0.25	0.38	18.62
5	553	663	304	360	0.25	0.40	17.82

Sample No.	Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）				Sand-to-binder	Water-to-binder ratio	Flowability factor
Sample No.	PC	FA	Sand	Water	Sand-to-binder	Water-to-binder ratio	Flowability factor
1	553	663	438	324	0.36	0.36	16.60
2	553	663	304	324	0.25	0.36	17.58
3	553	663	182	324	0.15	0.36	16.31
4	553	663	304	342	0.25	0.38	18.62
5	553	663	304	360	0.25	0.40	17.82

Sample No.	Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）
Sample No.	PC	FA	Sand	RSA	RHA	CSA	Water	PVA fiber	HRWRA
ECC	553.00	663	304	0	0	0	342	26	12.20
RSA5CSA5	497.70	663	304	27.65	0	27.65	342	26	12.20
RSA10CSA10	442.40	663	304	55.30	0	55.30	342	26	12.20
RHA5CSA5	497.70	663	304	0	27.65	27.65	342	26	12.20
RHA10CSA10	442.40	663	304	0	55.30	55.30	342	26	12.20
RHA5RSA5CSA10	442.40	663	304	27.65	27.65	55.30	342	26	12.20
RHA5RSA10	470.05	663	304	0	27.65	55.30	342	26	12.20
RHA10RSA5	470.05	663	304	0	55.30	27.65	342	26	12.20
RHA10RSA10CSA5	414.75	663	304	55.30	55.30	27.65	342	26	12.20