煤矸石混合砂混凝土宏观力学性能及微观机理研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0941

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以煤矸石机制砂与风积砂按质量比6∶4全部替代河砂，并以不同质量分数（0%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%）煤矸石粗骨料替代天然粗骨料制备煤矸石混合砂混凝土（CGMSG）。通过测定CGMSG的基本力学性能及吸水率，并结合X射线衍射仪和核磁共振技术分析其水化机理和微观孔隙结构。结果表明：CGMSG的抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度随水胶比和煤矸石粗骨料掺量的增加而降低，吸水率则随二者增加而升高，基于抗压强度构建的GM（1，1）灰色预测模型能较好地反映其强度发展规律；当煤矸石粗骨料的掺量为40%~60%时，煤矸石活性与水泥水化作用能最大程度发挥。不同水胶比和煤矸石粗骨料掺量下，CGMSG的孔隙度和平均孔径均呈增长趋势，宏孔孔隙率与抗压强度相关性最高，总孔隙体积与抗压强度关联性最低。

关键词: 煤矸石混合砂混凝土, 灰色预测模型, 灰色关联分析, 力学性能, 微观机理

Abstract:

In this study， coal gangue mixed sand concrete （CGMSG） was prepared by fully replacing river sand with coal gangue machine-made sand and aeolian sand at a mass ratio of 6∶4， and replacing natural coarse aggregate with coal gangue coarse aggregate at different mass fraction （0%， 20%， 40%， 60%， 80%， and 100%）. The basic mechanical properties and water absorption rate of CGMSG were measured， and the hydration mechanism and microscopic pore structure were studied by combining X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance technology. The results show that the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of CGMSG decrease with the increase of water-binder ratio and coal gangue coarse aggregate content， while the water absorption rate increases with the increase of both factors. The GM（1，1） grey prediction model established based on compressive strength can well reflect the development law of its strength. When the content of coal gangue coarse aggregate is 40% to 60%， the activity of coal gangue and the hydration of cement can be maximally exerted. Under different water-binder ratios and coal gengue coarse aggregate content， both the porosity and average pore size of CGMSG increase with the increase of water-binder ratio and coal gangue coarse aggregate content. The macro-pore porosity has the highest correlation with compressive strength， and the total pore volume has the lowest correlation with compressive strength.

Key words: coal gangue mixed sand concrete, grey prediction model, grey correlation analysis, mechanical property, microscopic mechanism

中图分类号:

TU528

邹仁华, 胡小龙, 冯泽平, 牛高辉, 邱继生. 煤矸石混合砂混凝土宏观力学性能及微观机理研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(4): 1266-1281.

ZOU Renhua, HU Xiaolong, FENG Zeping, NIU Gaohui, QIU Jisheng. Macro-Mechanical Properties and Microscopic-Mechanism of Coal Gangue Mixed Sand Concrete[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(4): 1266-1281.

图/表 27

参考文献 26

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Fineness/%	Initial settingtime/min	Final settingtime/min	Specific surfacearea/（m²·kg^-1）	Flexural strength/MPa		Compressive strength/MPa
Fineness/%	Initial settingtime/min	Final settingtime/min	Specific surfacearea/（m²·kg^-1）	3 d	28 d	3 d	28 d
3.65	168	255	369	3.1	7.8	21.5	47.6

Fineness/%	Initial settingtime/min	Final settingtime/min	Specific surfacearea/（m²·kg^-1）	Flexural strength/MPa		Compressive strength/MPa
Fineness/%	Initial settingtime/min	Final settingtime/min	Specific surfacearea/（m²·kg^-1）	3 d	28 d	3 d	28 d
3.65	168	255	369	3.1	7.8	21.5	47.6

Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	Other
Aeolian sand	7.56	82.15	4.95	3.22	0.56	1.56
Gangue sand	36.25	48.23	6.58	6.02	0.88	2.04

Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	Other
Aeolian sand	7.56	82.15	4.95	3.22	0.56	1.56
Gangue sand	36.25	48.23	6.58	6.02	0.88	2.04

Sample	Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）
Sample	Water-binderratio	Water	Cement	Mixed sand	Macadam	Coal gangue	Water reducer	Air-entraining agent
S35C0	0.35	170	485.7	627.9	1 116.3	0	3.89	0.97
S45C0	0.45	170	377.8	666.8	1 185.4	0	3.02	0.76
S45C20	0.45	170	377.8	666.8	948.3	211.1	3.02	0.76
S45C40	0.45	170	377.8	666.8	711.3	422.3	3.02	0.76
S45C60	0.45	170	377.8	666.8	474.2	633.4	3.02	0.76
S45C80	0.45	170	377.8	666.8	237.1	844.6	3.02	0.76
S45C100	0.45	170	377.8	666.8	0	1 055.7	3.02	0.76
S55C0	0.55	170	309.1	691.5	1 229.4	0	2.47	0.62