掺玻璃粉的改性聚丙烯纤维增强水泥基材料力学性能研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1265

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在系统探究玻璃粉与改性聚丙烯纤维复合增强水泥基材料的力学性能与微观机理，并通过多指标优化确定最优配合比，以制备一种绿色高性能纤维增强水泥基复合材料。本试验选用不同比例的玻璃粉替代粉煤灰，采用长度分别为6、12和20 mm的改性聚丙烯纤维进行单掺或两两混掺，通过流动度测试、抗折试验、抗压试验、抗拉试验和四点弯曲试验系统研究了纤维增强水泥基复合材料的工作性能和力学性能，并通过SEM测试，探究了玻璃粉和改性聚丙烯纤维提高该复合材料性能的微观层面机理。最后通过多因素灰色关联度决策模型确定最优配合比。结果表明，玻璃粉替代率的提高可以有效提高纤维增强水泥基复合材料的力学性能，替代率为100%时，试件的抗折强度最高提升了79.28%，抗压强度最高提升了40.72%，抗拉强度最高提升了80.00%，韧性指数最高达到30.962。SEM分析表明，玻璃粉颗粒与水化产物紧密结合，并紧密嵌入基体，显著提升了水泥基材料的致密性，从而改善材料的力学性能。基于灰色关联度决策模型，确定100%玻璃粉替代率与20 mm改性聚丙烯纤维为最优配合比，综合性能有显著提升。

关键词: 纤维增强水泥基材料, 玻璃粉, 改性聚丙烯纤维, 力学性能, 灰色关联度模型, 绿色低碳

Abstract:

This study aims to systematically investigate the mechanical properties and micro-mechanisms of cementitious composites reinforced with glass powder （GP） and modified polypropylene fibers， determine the optimal mix proportion through multi-index optimization， and ultimately develop an eco-friendly high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite. The experiment employed varying proportion of GP as a replacement for fly ash， along with modified polypropylene fibers of 6， 12， and 20 mm lengths in single doping or pairwise hybrid combinations. The workability and mechanical properties of the fiber-reinforced cementitious composites were systematically investigated through flowability tests， flexural tests， compressive tests， tensile tests， and four-point bending tests. SEM was utilized to explore the microstructural mechanisms by which GP and modified polypropylene fibers enhance the performance of these composites. Finally， a multi-factor grey relational decision-making model was applied to determine the optimal mix proportion. The results demonstrate that increasing the GP replacement ratio significantly improves the mechanical properties of the fiber-reinforced cementitious composites. At a 100% replacement rate of GP， the flexural strength of specimens increases by up to 79.28%， compressive strength by up to 40.72%， tensile strength by up to 80.00%， and the toughness index reaches a maximum of 30.962. SEM analysis reveals that GP particles tightly bond with hydration products and embed densely within the matrix， markedly enhancing the compactness of the cementitious composite and thereby improving its mechanical properties. Based on the grey relational decision-making model， the optimal formulation is identified as 100% GP replacement combined with 20 mm modified polypropylene fibers， which exhibits significant overall performance enhancement.

Key words: fiber-reinforced cementitious composite, glass powder, modified polypropylene fiber, mechanical property, grey relational analysis model, green and low-carbon

中图分类号:

TU528.572

王富桓, 李艳杰, 吕浩平, 杨令强. 掺玻璃粉的改性聚丙烯纤维增强水泥基材料力学性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(7): 2397-2407.

WANG Fuhuan, LI Yanjie, LYU Haoping, YANG Lingqiang. Mechanical Properties of Glass Powder-Modified Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(7): 2397-2407.

图/表 14

图1 改性聚丙烯纤维表面形貌

Fig.1 Surface morphology of MPPF

表1 改性聚丙烯纤维的基本性能指标

Table 1 Basic performance indicators of MPPF

Length/mm	Diameter/mm	Density/（g·cm^-3）	Elastic modulus/GPa	Tensile strength/MPa
6~20	0.18	0.9	8	750

表2 玻璃粉的主要化学成分

Table 2 Main chemical composition of GP

Composition	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	TiO₂	K₂O	CaO	Na₂O
Mass fraction/%	0.023	79.140	2.860	0.013	0.023	0.038	4.230
Composition	MgO	B₂O₃	ZrO₂	BaO	SrO	ZnO	MnO
Mass fraction/%	0.008 7	13.140	0.034	0.001 7	0.001 2	0.001 5	0.000 58

表3 配合比

Table 3 Mix proportion

Mass fraction/%

Superplasticizer

content/%

Thickener

content/%

Modified polypropylene fiber

volume fraction/%

图2 不同配合比拌合物的流动度

Fig.2 Fluidity of mixtures with different mix proportion

图3 玻璃粉的SEM照片

Fig.3 SEM image of GP

图4 不同配合比试件的抗折强度

Fig.4 Flexural strength of specimens with different mix proportion

图5 粉煤灰的SEM照片

Fig.5 SEM image of fly ash

图6 不同配合比试件的抗压强度

Fig.6 Compressive strength of specimens with different mix proportion

图7 不同配合比试件的抗拉强度

Fig.7 Tensile strength of specimens with different mix proportion

图8 不同配合比试件的韧性指数

Fig.8 I30 of specimens with different mix proportion

图9 水泥基体SEM照片（中倍率）

Fig.9 SEM images of cement matrix （medium magnification）

图10 水泥基体SEM照片（高倍率）

Fig.10 SEM images of cement matrix （high magnification）

图11 水泥基体SEM照片（低倍率）

Fig.11 SEM images of cement matrix （low magnification）

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