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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1408-1422.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0904

• 功能材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

超疏水涂层材料的研究进展:从设计原理到应用

霍明达1,2,3(), 杨洋1, 曲灏洋2,3, 任俊波2,3, 孙晓红2,3(), 肖凯业1   

  1. 1.核工业理化工程研究院,粒子输运与富集技术全国重点实验室,天津 300180
    2.天津大学材料科学与工程学院,贵金属功能材料全国重点实验室,天津 300072
    3.天津大学材料科学与工程学院,先进陶瓷与加工技术教育部重点实验室,天津 300072
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 修订日期:2025-09-29 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 孙晓红,博士,教授。E-mail:sunxh@tju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:霍明达(1998—),男,博士研究生。主要从事超疏水涂层的应用研究及粒径均一氧化铝粉体制备。E-mail:mdhuo@tju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(52472232)

Research Progress on Superhydrophobic Coatings Materials: from Design Principles to Applications

HUO Mingda1,2,3(), YANG Yang1, QU Haoyang2,3, REN Junbo2,3, SUN Xiaohong2,3(), XIAO Kaiye1   

  1. 1.Science and Technology on Particle Transport and Separation Key National Defense Laboratory,Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry,Tianjin 300180,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2025-09-29 Published:2026-04-20 Online:2026-05-14

摘要:

超疏水涂层是一种新型功能材料,能有效阻止液体渗透,在防结冰、金属防腐、油水分离、降低流体阻力、防污自清洁及抗菌等多个领域应用广泛,为各行业难题提供了有效解决方案。本文综述了超疏水涂层的定义、设计原理、先进制备工艺及其在多领域的应用,分析了其在机械稳定性、环境耐受性及制备过程中面临的问题,并提出了针对性的解决方法。同时,对超疏水涂层未来的发展趋势进行展望,为新一代超疏水材料的研发提供理论支持。

关键词: 超疏水涂层, 微纳结构, 低表面能物质, 机械稳定性, 环境耐受性

Abstract:

Superhydrophobic coatings, as a novel functional material, effectively prevent liquid penetration and find extensive applications across multiple fields including anti-icing, metal corrosion protection, oil-water separation, drag reduction, anti-fouling and self-cleaning, and antibacterial surfaces. They provide effective solutions to persistent challenges in various industries. This review systematically summarizes the definition, design principles, and advanced fabrication processes of superhydrophobic coatings, along with their diverse applications. It critically analyzes prevailing challenges in mechanical stability, environmental resistance, and preparation process, proposing targeted mitigation strategies. Furthermore, the review outlines future development trends of superhydrophobic coatings, offering theoretical underpinnings for the research and development of next-generation superhydrophobic materials.

Key words: superhydrophobic coating, micro- and nano-structure, low surface energy substance, mechanical stability, environmental resistance

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