硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1386-1397.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1216
曹大可1,2(
), 刘小根1,2(
), 艾湘3, 杨喆2, 尹睿4, 张傲楠2
收稿日期:2025-12-04
修订日期:2025-12-30
出版日期:2026-04-20
发布日期:2026-05-14
通信作者:
刘小根,博士,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:lxg@ctc.ac.cn作者简介:曹大可(1996—),男,博士研究生,工程师。主要从事脆性材料力学性能评价方面的研究。E-mail:caodake@ctc.ac.cn
基金资助:
CAO Dake1,2(
), LIU Xiaogen1,2(
), AI Xiang3, YANG Zhe2, YIN Rui4, ZHANG Aonan2
Received:2025-12-04
Revised:2025-12-30
Published:2026-04-20
Online:2026-05-14
摘要:
随着建筑科学的发展与工程需求的不断提升,夹层玻璃、真空玻璃等复合玻璃在建筑及相关领域的应用日益广泛。复合玻璃的力学行为较为复杂,通常需采用等效厚度来简化计算分析过程。然而,传统等效厚度计算方法在应对多层结构或特殊构造的复合玻璃时存在一定局限性。为此,本工作提出一种基于对比试验的等效厚度确定方法,通过四点弯曲试验测量在相同支撑和加载条件下单片玻璃与复合玻璃的弯曲应力,依据等效原理计算复合玻璃的等效厚度。结果表明,本方法可同时适用于夹层玻璃、真空玻璃及真空夹层复合玻璃等多种结构。与现行标准规范方法及试验实测值对比,以本方法计算所得的等效厚度具有较高的准确性。本工作还建立了基于夹层梁弯拉强度理论的校核模型,通过理论计算与试验结果的比较,进一步证实了该模型的可靠性。
中图分类号:
曹大可, 刘小根, 艾湘, 杨喆, 尹睿, 张傲楠. 基于对比试验确定复合玻璃等效厚度的方法[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(4): 1386-1397.
CAO Dake, LIU Xiaogen, AI Xiang, YANG Zhe, YIN Rui, ZHANG Aonan. Comparative Method for Determining Effective Thickness of Composite Glass Based on Comparative Test[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(4): 1386-1397.
| Configurations | Thickness of glass and interlayer/mm |
|---|---|
| Glass+PVB+glass | 6.00+1.52+6.00 |
| 8.00+1.52+8.00 | |
| Glass+SGP+glass | 6.00+1.52+6.00 |
| 8.00+1.52+8.00 | |
| Glass+vaccum+glass | 6.00+0.10+6.00 |
| 8.00+0.10+8.00 | |
| Glass+vaccum+glass+EVA+glass | 6.00+0.10+6.00+1.52+6.00 |
表1 复合玻璃的结构尺寸信息
Table 1 Structure and dimension of composite glass
| Configurations | Thickness of glass and interlayer/mm |
|---|---|
| Glass+PVB+glass | 6.00+1.52+6.00 |
| 8.00+1.52+8.00 | |
| Glass+SGP+glass | 6.00+1.52+6.00 |
| 8.00+1.52+8.00 | |
| Glass+vaccum+glass | 6.00+0.10+6.00 |
| 8.00+0.10+8.00 | |
| Glass+vaccum+glass+EVA+glass | 6.00+0.10+6.00+1.52+6.00 |
| Specimen | Load/N | Corresponding stress/MPa | Effective thickness/mm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 mm+PVB+6 mm | 500 | 16.8 | 8.0 |
| 600 | 20.4 | 8.0 | |
| 700 | 24.1 | 8.0 | |
| 800 | 27.7 | 8.0 | |
| 900 | 31.2 | 8.0 | |
| 1 000 | 34.8 | 8.0 | |
| 8 mm+PVB+8 mm | 500 | 8.4 | 11.3 |
| 600 | 10.0 | 11.4 | |
| 700 | 11.9 | 11.4 | |
| 800 | 13.8 | 11.3 | |
| 900 | 15.7 | 11.3 | |
| 1 000 | 17.7 | 11.2 | |
| 6 mm+SGP+6 mm | 500 | 9.6 | 14.0 |
| 600 | 11.6 | 14.0 | |
| 700 | 13.6 | 14.0 | |
| 800 | 15.6 | 13.9 | |
| 900 | 17.5 | 14.0 | |
| 1 000 | 19.5 | 14.1 | |
| 8 mm+SGP+8 mm | 500 | 4.9 | 18.9 |
| 600 | 6.1 | 18.7 | |
| 700 | 7.2 | 18.7 | |
| 800 | 8.3 | 18.6 | |
| 900 | 9.3 | 18.6 | |
| 1 000 | 10.5 | 18.5 | |
| 6 mm+vaccum+6 mm | 500 | 9.0 | 13.8 |
| 600 | 10.9 | 13.8 | |
| 700 | 12.8 | 13.8 | |
| 800 | 14.8 | 13.9 | |
| 900 | 16.6 | 13.8 | |
| 1 000 | 18.5 | 13.8 | |
| 8 mm+vaccum+8 mm | 500 | 7.1 | 15.9 |
| 600 | 8.5 | 15.8 | |
| 700 | 10.0 | 15.9 | |
| 800 | 11.3 | 15.8 | |
| 900 | 12.8 | 15.8 | |
| 1 000 | 14.2 | 15.7 | |
| 6 mm+vaccum+6 mm+EVA+6 mm | 500 | 4.7 | 18.7 |
| 600 | 5.8 | 18.8 | |
| 700 | 6.8 | 18.9 | |
| 800 | 8.0 | 19.1 | |
| 900 | 9.1 | 19.2 | |
| 1 000 | 10.2 | 19.2 |
表2 试样的等效厚度计算结果
Table 2 Calculated results of effective thickness of tested specimen
| Specimen | Load/N | Corresponding stress/MPa | Effective thickness/mm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 mm+PVB+6 mm | 500 | 16.8 | 8.0 |
| 600 | 20.4 | 8.0 | |
| 700 | 24.1 | 8.0 | |
| 800 | 27.7 | 8.0 | |
| 900 | 31.2 | 8.0 | |
| 1 000 | 34.8 | 8.0 | |
| 8 mm+PVB+8 mm | 500 | 8.4 | 11.3 |
| 600 | 10.0 | 11.4 | |
| 700 | 11.9 | 11.4 | |
| 800 | 13.8 | 11.3 | |
| 900 | 15.7 | 11.3 | |
| 1 000 | 17.7 | 11.2 | |
| 6 mm+SGP+6 mm | 500 | 9.6 | 14.0 |
| 600 | 11.6 | 14.0 | |
| 700 | 13.6 | 14.0 | |
| 800 | 15.6 | 13.9 | |
| 900 | 17.5 | 14.0 | |
| 1 000 | 19.5 | 14.1 | |
| 8 mm+SGP+8 mm | 500 | 4.9 | 18.9 |
| 600 | 6.1 | 18.7 | |
| 700 | 7.2 | 18.7 | |
| 800 | 8.3 | 18.6 | |
| 900 | 9.3 | 18.6 | |
| 1 000 | 10.5 | 18.5 | |
| 6 mm+vaccum+6 mm | 500 | 9.0 | 13.8 |
| 600 | 10.9 | 13.8 | |
| 700 | 12.8 | 13.8 | |
| 800 | 14.8 | 13.9 | |
| 900 | 16.6 | 13.8 | |
| 1 000 | 18.5 | 13.8 | |
| 8 mm+vaccum+8 mm | 500 | 7.1 | 15.9 |
| 600 | 8.5 | 15.8 | |
| 700 | 10.0 | 15.9 | |
| 800 | 11.3 | 15.8 | |
| 900 | 12.8 | 15.8 | |
| 1 000 | 14.2 | 15.7 | |
| 6 mm+vaccum+6 mm+EVA+6 mm | 500 | 4.7 | 18.7 |
| 600 | 5.8 | 18.8 | |
| 700 | 6.8 | 18.9 | |
| 800 | 8.0 | 19.1 | |
| 900 | 9.1 | 19.2 | |
| 1 000 | 10.2 | 19.2 |
| Laminated glass | Effective thickness (EN 16612: 2019)/mm | Effective thickness (JGJ 102—2003)/mm |
|---|---|---|
| 6 mm+SGP+6 mm | 15.7 | 7.6 |
| 8 mm+SGP+8 mm | 20.6 | 10.1 |
| 6 mm+PVB+6 mm | 8.8 | 7.6 |
| 8 mm+PVB+8 mm | 11.7 | 10.1 |
表3 不同规范计算出的夹层玻璃等效厚度
Table 3 Effective thickness of laminated glass calculated by different standards
| Laminated glass | Effective thickness (EN 16612: 2019)/mm | Effective thickness (JGJ 102—2003)/mm |
|---|---|---|
| 6 mm+SGP+6 mm | 15.7 | 7.6 |
| 8 mm+SGP+8 mm | 20.6 | 10.1 |
| 6 mm+PVB+6 mm | 8.8 | 7.6 |
| 8 mm+PVB+8 mm | 11.7 | 10.1 |
| Glass type | Effective thickness/mm | Corresponding load/N |
|---|---|---|
| 8 mm+SGP+8 mm | 14.6 | 500 |
| 14.6 | 600 | |
| 14.6 | 700 | |
| 14.6 | 800 | |
| 14.7 | 900 | |
| 14.7 | 1 000 | |
| 8 mm+vaccum+8 mm | 12.4 | 500 |
| 12.4 | 600 | |
| 12.4 | 700 | |
| 12.5 | 800 | |
| 12.5 | 900 | |
| 12.5 | 1 000 |
表4 采用8 mm单片玻璃计算SGP夹层玻璃和真空玻璃的等效厚度的结果
Table 4 Results of effective thickness of SGP laminated glass and vacuum glazing calculated by using 8 mm monolithic glass
| Glass type | Effective thickness/mm | Corresponding load/N |
|---|---|---|
| 8 mm+SGP+8 mm | 14.6 | 500 |
| 14.6 | 600 | |
| 14.6 | 700 | |
| 14.6 | 800 | |
| 14.7 | 900 | |
| 14.7 | 1 000 | |
| 8 mm+vaccum+8 mm | 12.4 | 500 |
| 12.4 | 600 | |
| 12.4 | 700 | |
| 12.5 | 800 | |
| 12.5 | 900 | |
| 12.5 | 1 000 |
图11 真空夹层复合玻璃基于不同等效厚度计算方法所得理论应力值与试验应力值的对比
Fig.11 Comparison of theoretical stress from different methods with experimental stress of vacuum-laminated composite glass
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