硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 871-883.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0961
何哲1,2(
), 李璟玮2, 马瑄2, 石丽芬1, 焦金旭1, 周俊洁1, 王巍巍1, 李常青1, 王鹏1, 彭寿1,2, 李宏2(
)
收稿日期:2025-09-30
修订日期:2025-12-17
出版日期:2026-03-20
发布日期:2026-04-10
通信作者:
李 宏,博士,研究员。E-mail:lh_648@whut.edu.cn作者简介:何 哲(1997—),男,博士研究生。主要从事真空玻璃封接用低熔点玻璃的研究。E-mail:18372831961@163.com
基金资助:
HE Zhe1,2(
), LI Jingwei2, MA Xuan2, SHI Lifen1, JIAO Jinxu1, ZHOU Junjie1, WANG Weiwei1, LI Changqing1, WANG Peng1, PENG Shou1,2, LI Hong2(
)
Received:2025-09-30
Revised:2025-12-17
Published:2026-03-20
Online:2026-04-10
摘要:
激光封接技术是一种高精度、高效率的现代焊接技术,具有能量密度高和可局部加热的优点。将激光封接技术应用于真空玻璃封接,可有效解决传统整体加热封接技术给真空玻璃带来的基板退钢化问题。本文基于激光封接技术,以Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO(BiBZn)三元系统玻璃为研究对象,研究了Bi/Zn、B/Zn对BiBZn系统低熔点玻璃结构与性能的影响,得到了一种适用于激光封接真空玻璃的无铅低熔点玻璃粉。无铅低熔点玻璃组分为40.0Bi2O3-32.5B2O3-27.5ZnO,热膨胀系数为100×10-7 K-1(50~250 ℃),与钠钙硅基板玻璃热膨胀系数较匹配(92×10-7 K-1,50~250 ℃);玻璃软化温度为388 ℃,具有较好的流动性,适用于真空玻璃的激光封接。在激光功率为36 W、脉宽为20 ns的工艺条件下,封接层无晶体析出,封接强度为3.67 MPa,高于一般水平(2 MPa)。
中图分类号:
何哲, 李璟玮, 马瑄, 石丽芬, 焦金旭, 周俊洁, 王巍巍, 李常青, 王鹏, 彭寿, 李宏. Bi/Zn和B/Zn对真空玻璃激光封接用BiBZn系统低熔点玻璃结构与性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(3): 871-883.
HE Zhe, LI Jingwei, MA Xuan, SHI Lifen, JIAO Jinxu, ZHOU Junjie, WANG Weiwei, LI Changqing, WANG Peng, PENG Shou, LI Hong. Effects of Bi/Zn and B/Zn on Structure and Properties of Low-Melting-Point Glass of BiBZn System for Laser Sealing of Vacuum Glazing[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(3): 871-883.
| Sample No. | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bi2O3 | B2O3 | ZnO | |
| BiZn-1 | 60 | 30 | 10 |
| BiZn-2 | 55 | 30 | 15 |
| BiZn-3 | 50 | 30 | 20 |
| BiZn-4 | 45 | 30 | 25 |
| BiZn-5 | 40 | 30 | 30 |
| BiZn-6 | 35 | 30 | 35 |
| BiZn-7 | 30 | 30 | 40 |
表1 Bi/Zn组分变化的玻璃成分
Table 1 Glass composition with variations in Bi/Zn components
| Sample No. | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bi2O3 | B2O3 | ZnO | |
| BiZn-1 | 60 | 30 | 10 |
| BiZn-2 | 55 | 30 | 15 |
| BiZn-3 | 50 | 30 | 20 |
| BiZn-4 | 45 | 30 | 25 |
| BiZn-5 | 40 | 30 | 30 |
| BiZn-6 | 35 | 30 | 35 |
| BiZn-7 | 30 | 30 | 40 |
图2 不同Bi/Zn玻璃的XRD谱、CTE曲线、DSC曲线、特征温度和CTE的折线图
Fig.2 XRD patterns, CTE curves, DSC curves, and line graph of characteristic temperatures and CTE of different Bi/Zn glasses
| Wave number/cm-1 | Corresponding vibration |
|---|---|
| 720 | Symmetric stretching vibration of Bi—O bond in [BiO3][ |
| 1 150 | B—O bond vibration in [BO3][ |
| 1 300 | Asymmetric stretching vibration of O—B—O bond in [BO4] [ |
表2 BiBZn系统玻璃红外吸收带及振动类型
Table 2 Infrared absorption bands and vibration types of BiBZn system glass
| Wave number/cm-1 | Corresponding vibration |
|---|---|
| 720 | Symmetric stretching vibration of Bi—O bond in [BiO3][ |
| 1 150 | B—O bond vibration in [BO3][ |
| 1 300 | Asymmetric stretching vibration of O—B—O bond in [BO4] [ |
| Wave number/cm-1 | Corresponding vibration |
|---|---|
| 350 | Bi—O—Bi bond vibration in [BiO6][ |
| 620 | B—O—B bond bending vibration in [BO3][ |
| 1 200~1 320 | Bi—O bond vibration in [BiO3][ |
表3 BiBZn系统玻璃拉曼光谱带及振动类型
Table 3 Raman spectra bands and vibration types of BiBZn system glass
| Wave number/cm-1 | Corresponding vibration |
|---|---|
| 350 | Bi—O—Bi bond vibration in [BiO6][ |
| 620 | B—O—B bond bending vibration in [BO3][ |
| 1 200~1 320 | Bi—O bond vibration in [BiO3][ |
图5 BiZn-1~BiZn-7玻璃流动柱直径随温度的变化曲线和450 ℃下BiZn-1~BiZn-7玻璃流动柱的XRD谱
Fig.5 Variation curves of diameter of BiZn-1 to BiZn-7 glass flow column with temperature and XRD patterns of BiZn-1 to BiZn-7 glass flow column at 450 ℃
| Sample No. | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bi2O3 | B2O3 | ZnO | |
| BZn-1 | 40.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 |
| BZn-2 | 40.0 | 32.5 | 27.5 |
| BZn-3 | 40.0 | 35.0 | 25.0 |
| BZn-4 | 40.0 | 37.5 | 22.5 |
| BZn-5 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 20.0 |
表4 B/Zn组分变化的玻璃成分
Table 4 Glass composition with variations in Bi/Zn components
| Sample No. | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bi2O3 | B2O3 | ZnO | |
| BZn-1 | 40.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 |
| BZn-2 | 40.0 | 32.5 | 27.5 |
| BZn-3 | 40.0 | 35.0 | 25.0 |
| BZn-4 | 40.0 | 37.5 | 22.5 |
| BZn-5 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 20.0 |
图6 不同B/Zn玻璃的XRD谱、CTE曲线、DSC曲线、特征温度和CTE的折线图
Fig.6 XRD patterns, CTE curves, DSC curves, line graph of characteristic temperatures and CTE of different B/Zn glasses
图9 BZn-1~BZn-5玻璃流动柱直径随温度的变化曲线和450 ℃下BZn-1~BZn-5玻璃流动柱的XRD谱
Fig.9 Variation curves of diameter of BZn-1 to BZn-5 glass flow column with temperature and XRD patterns of BZn-1 to BZn-5 glass flow column at 450 ℃
| Laser parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Laser power/W | 200 |
| Maximum pulse energy/MJ | 1.5 |
| Adjustable frequency range/kHz | 1~4 000 |
| Central wavelength/nm | 1 064 |
| Power regulation range/% | 10~100 |
| Beam diameter/mm | 7 |
| Focal diameter/mm | 0.05 |
表5 激光器参数
Table 5 Laser parameters
| Laser parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Laser power/W | 200 |
| Maximum pulse energy/MJ | 1.5 |
| Adjustable frequency range/kHz | 1~4 000 |
| Central wavelength/nm | 1 064 |
| Power regulation range/% | 10~100 |
| Beam diameter/mm | 7 |
| Focal diameter/mm | 0.05 |
| Sample No. | Pulse width/ns | Power/W | Sealing strength/MPa |
|---|---|---|---|
| A3-1 | 20 | 28 | 0.92 |
| A3-2 | 20 | 32 | 1.58 |
| A3-3 | 20 | 36 | 3.67 |
| A3-4 | 20 | 40 | 2.31 |
| A3-5 | 60 | 36 | 2.03 |
| A3-6 | 60 | 40 | 1.88 |
| A3-7 | 60 | 44 | 2.36 |
| A3-8 | 60 | 48 | 1.31 |
| A3-9 | 100 | 40 | 1.32 |
| A3-10 | 100 | 44 | 1.20 |
| A3-11 | 100 | 48 | 1.54 |
| A3-12 | 100 | 52 | 2.52 |
| A3-13 | 100 | 56 | 1.30 |
表6 不同激光脉宽下封接强度
Table 6 Sealing strength at different laster pulse widths
| Sample No. | Pulse width/ns | Power/W | Sealing strength/MPa |
|---|---|---|---|
| A3-1 | 20 | 28 | 0.92 |
| A3-2 | 20 | 32 | 1.58 |
| A3-3 | 20 | 36 | 3.67 |
| A3-4 | 20 | 40 | 2.31 |
| A3-5 | 60 | 36 | 2.03 |
| A3-6 | 60 | 40 | 1.88 |
| A3-7 | 60 | 44 | 2.36 |
| A3-8 | 60 | 48 | 1.31 |
| A3-9 | 100 | 40 | 1.32 |
| A3-10 | 100 | 44 | 1.20 |
| A3-11 | 100 | 48 | 1.54 |
| A3-12 | 100 | 52 | 2.52 |
| A3-13 | 100 | 56 | 1.30 |
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