氯盐环境下GFRP筋-海砂混凝土深受弯构件承载性能研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0800

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在沿海及海洋工程中，采用海砂代替河砂可减少河砂因跨区域运输而产生的成本及保护陆地生态，配合玻璃纤维增强塑料（GFRP）筋替代钢筋可解决海砂中氯离子腐蚀的问题。针对海洋上桥梁中常见的盖梁等深受弯构件，制作了30个GFRP筋-海砂混凝土深受弯构件并测试其在氯盐环境中浸泡不同时间后的承载性能，包括破坏模式、挠度、裂缝、极限承载力等。结果表明：氯盐浸泡会导致GFRP筋-海砂混凝土深受弯构件破坏模式从混凝土压碎破坏变为剪切破坏；随着浸泡时间的增加，构件开裂荷载增加，极限承载力下降，裂缝数目逐渐减少，最大挠度值增加。根据测试结果，采用GFRP筋折减系数指标修正了现有规范中钢筋混凝土深受弯构件承载力计算公式，修正公式能够较好地预测GFRP筋-海砂混凝土深受弯构件在氯盐环境浸泡后的极限承载力。

关键词: 氯盐环境, 玻璃纤维增强塑料, 海砂混凝土, 深受弯构件, 承载性能, 预测模型

Abstract:

In coastal and marine engineering， using sea sand to replace river sand can reduce the costs associated with cross-regional transportation of river sand and help protect terrestrial ecosystems. Coupled with the use of glass fiber reinforced polymer （GFRP） bars instead of steel reinforcement， it effectively resolves the issue of chloride ion corrosion in sea sand.For the common bent caps and other deep flexural members in offshore bridges， 30 GFRP bar-sea sand concrete deep flexural members were fabricated， and their load-bearing performance was tested after immersion in a chloride environment for different durations， including failure modes， deflection， cracking， and ultimate load capacity. The results show that chloride salt immersion changes the failure mode of GFRP bar-sea sand concrete deep flexural members from concrete crushing to shear failure. As the immersion time increases， the cracking load of the members increases， the ultimate load capacity of the members decrease， the cracks number of the members gradually reduces， and the maximum deflection value of the members increase. Based on the test results， the existing code formula for calculating the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete deep flexural members is modified by introducing the GFRP bar reduction factor index. The modified formula can well predict the ultimate load capacity of GFRP bar-sea sand concrete deep flexural members after immersion in a chloride environment.

Key words: chloride environment, GFRP, sea sand concrete, deep flexural member, load-bearing performance, predicted model

中图分类号:

TQ327.1

金清平, 杨振远, 梁颖强, 刘运蝶, 宋仕娥. 氯盐环境下GFRP筋-海砂混凝土深受弯构件承载性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(1): 81-91.

JIN Qingping, YANG Zhenyuan, LIANG Yingqiang, LIU Yundie, SONG Shie. Load-Bearing Capacity of GFRP Bar Sea Sand Concrete Deep Flexural Members in Chloride Environment[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(1): 81-91.

图/表 16

表1 海砂混凝土配合比

Table 1 Mix proportion of sea sand concrete

Design level	Water-cement ratio	Cement/（kg·m^-3）	Water/（kg·m^-3）	Sand/（kg·m^-3）	Gravel/（kg·m^-3）
C40	0.4	537.5	215	494.25	1 153.25

表2 海砂混凝土力学性能试验结果

Table 2 Results of mechanical properties test of sea sand concrete

Design strength of concrete	Compressive strength/MPa			Flexural strength/MPa
C40	32.8	41.8	40.6	2.73	3.08	3.21

图1 GFRP筋的宏观形貌

Fig.1 Macroscopic morphology of GFRP bars

图2 GFRP筋拉伸试验装置

Fig.2 GFRP bars tensile test apparatus

表3 GFRP筋力学性能参数

Table 3 Mechanical properties parameters of GFRP bar

Material	Diameter/mm	Tensile strength/MPa	Elastic modulus/GPa
GFRP bar	6	1 042.93	59.7

图3 GFRP筋-海砂混凝土深受弯构件

Fig.3 GFRP bar-sea sand concrete deep flexural member

图4 试验加载前准备工作

Fig.4 Preparation for test loading

图5 试验装置

Fig.5 Test setup

图6 深受弯构件的典型破坏形态

Fig.6 Typical failure mode of deep flexural members

图7 相同浸泡时间下GFRP筋的荷载-应变曲线

Fig.7 Load-strain curves of GFRP bars at same soaking time

图8 相同浸泡时间下构件的荷载-挠度曲线

Fig.8 Load-deflection curves of member at same soaking time

图9 相同浸泡时间下构件开裂时跨中挠度曲线

Fig.9 Deflection curves at midspan when member cracks at same soaking time

图10 相同浸泡下时间荷载-裂缝宽度曲线

Fig.10 Load-crack width curves at same soaking time

图11 构件裂缝开展

Fig.11 Component crack development

图12 构件极限承载力曲线

Fig.12 Ultimate load capacity curves of member

图13 构件极限承载力预测值与实测值

Fig.13 Predicted value and measured value of

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