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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 227-236.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0703

• 资源综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

PAM类絮凝剂对废弃桩基泥浆脱水性能的影响

薛南波1(), 陈伟伟2, 晏伟杰1, 夏李斌1,3()   

  1. 1.江西理工大学能源与机械工程学院,南昌 330013
    2.江西省交通设计研究院,南昌 330001
    3.江西理工大学化学化工学院,赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-18 修订日期:2025-09-15 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-02-10
  • 通信作者: 夏李斌,博士,副教授。E-mail:tea_xia@126.com
  • 作者简介:薛南波(2002—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事固废资源化利用的研究。E-mail:2993640842@qq.com

Effects of PAM Flocculants on Dewatering Performance of Waste Pile Foundation Slurry

XUE Nanbo1(), CHEN Weiwei2, YAN Weijie1, XIA Libin1,3()   

  1. 1. School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Nanchang 330013,China
    2. Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Planning and Design Institute,Nanchang 330001,China
    3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China
  • Received:2025-07-18 Revised:2025-09-15 Published:2026-01-20 Online:2026-02-10

摘要:

桥梁道路建设产生的大量废弃桩基泥浆含水率高、粒度细,直接排放易造成严重的环境污染。絮凝脱水是废弃桩基泥浆高效处置与资源化利用的关键环节。本文选用聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)类絮凝剂,针对江西某地区桥梁桩基工程废弃泥浆开展脱水性能研究,对比分析絮凝前后泥浆结构、形貌及粒度变化。结果表明:阴离子型PAM(APAM)、阳离子型PAM(CPAM)和非离子型PAM(NPAM)均在0.2%(质量分数)浓度下脱水效果最为显著,仅分别需添加3%、4%和7%(体积分数)即可使泥浆在10 s内快速絮凝脱水,含水率分别显著降低29.5%、24.3%和19.5%。其中,APAM处理效果最优,其上清液浊度在2 h后仅为20 NTU。APAM促使微小颗粒有效团聚为较大絮体,显著提升泥浆结晶度;粒度分布特征值(D10D50D90)均明显增大,尤以D90(由15.10 μm增至25.50 μm,增幅68.9%)最为突出。综上,APAM展现出优异的絮凝与脱水性能,在废弃桩基泥浆的环保处置中具有良好应用前景。

关键词: 废弃桩基泥浆, 资源化利用, PAM类絮凝剂, 脱水性能, 快速絮凝脱水

Abstract:

Large amounts of waste pile foundation slurries generated from bridge and road construction exhibit high water content and fine particle size, making direct disposal prone to causing severe environmental pollution. Flocculation and dewatering represent a crucial step for the efficient treatment and resource utilization of the waste pile foundation slurry. In this study, polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculants were employed to investigate the dewatering performance of waste slurry, which is derived from a bridge pile foundation project in Jiangxi Province, China. Comparative analyses were conducted on the changes in slurry structure, morphology and particle size before and after flocculation. The results indicate that anionic PAM (APAM), cationic PAM (CPAM) and non-ionic PAM (NPAM) all achieve optimal dewatering effectiveness at a concentration of 0.2% (mass fraction). 3%, 4% and 7% (volume fraction) of these flocculants can induce rapid flocculation and dewatering within 10 s, significantly reducing the water content by 29.5%, 24.3% and 19.5%, respectively. Among them, APAM demonstrates the best treatment performance, yielding a supernatant turbidity of only 20 NTU after 2 h. APAM effectively agglomerates fine particles into larger flocs, markedly enhancing the crystallinity of slurry. The characteristic particle size values (D10D50D90) all increase substantially, particularly the D90, which surges from 15.10 μm to 25.50 μm (an increase of 68.9%). In conclusion, APAM exhibits excellent flocculation and dewatering capabilities, showing promising application potential for the environmentally sound treatment of waste pile foundation slurry.

Key words: waste pile foundation slurry, resource utilization, polyacrylamide flocculant, dewatering performance, rapid flocculation and dewatering

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