磷石膏制备α半水石膏的研究现状

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 磷石膏是磷化工企业湿法生产磷酸时排出的工业废渣,因含有大量磷、氟及碱金属盐等杂质,简单堆放填埋处理会带来占用耕地及污染环境等问题。目前最有前景和效益的处理方式是将磷石膏转为α半水石膏(α-HH),但磷石膏的可溶磷、共晶磷及可溶氟等有害杂质是影响磷石膏制备α-HH的主要障碍。因此磷石膏中有害杂质的预处理及α-HH晶体微观形貌调控措施是以磷石膏为原料制备α-HH的研究重点。本文全面综述了磷石膏的理化特性、有害杂质对石膏性能的影响及预处理措施、α-HH制备方法及晶体微观形貌调控等方面的研究现状,探讨了不同预处理措施及α-HH制备方法的优缺点,并对转晶剂调控α-HH晶体微观形貌的机理进行了总结,最后提出了下一步有待解决的问题。

关键词: 磷石膏, 杂质, 预处理, α半水石膏, 制备方法, 转晶剂, 晶体形态, 吸附机理

Abstract: Phosphogypsum is a kind of industrial solid waste, which is discharged when the phosphoric chemical industry produces phosphoric acid through the wet process. Because phosphogypsum contains a large amount of impurities such as phosphorus, fluorine, and alkali metal salts, it will be disposed of in a landfill, which will cause problems such as occupation of cultivated land and environmental pollution. At present, the most promising and effective treatment method is to convert phosphogypsum to α-hemihydrate gypsum (α-HH). But the harmful impurities such as soluble phosphorus, eutectic phosphorus and soluble fluorine of phosphogypsum are the main obstacles to the preparation of α-HH from phosphogypsum. Therefore, the pretreatment of harmful impurities in phosphogypsum and the adjustment of α-HH crystal morphology are the focus of research on the preparation of α-HH from phosphogypsum. This article comprehensively reviewed the physicochemical properties of phosphogypsum, the influences of harmful impurities on the properties of gypsum, the pretreatment measures, the preparation method of α-HH and the adjustment of crystal micromorphology, and the current research status. Different pretreatment measures and the preparation methods of α-HH were discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the method were summarized, and the mechanism of the crystal transformation agent regulating the micro-morphology of α-HH crystals was summarized. Finally, the next problem to be solved was put forward.

Key words: phosphogypsum, impurity, pretreatment, α-hemihydrate gypsum, preparation method, transforming agent, crystal morphology, adsorption mechanism

中图分类号:

O784

李德星, 郭荣鑫, 林志伟, 张绍奇. 磷石膏制备α半水石膏的研究现状[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(3): 860-869.

LI Dexing, GUO Rongxin, LIN Zhiwei, ZHANG Shaoqi. Research Status of Preparation of α-Hemihydrate Gypsum from Phosphogypsum[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(3): 860-869.

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