镀镍碳纤维水泥基材料的电热性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用镀镍碳纤维(Ni-CF)制备导热水泥基复合材料,研究水灰比、纤维掺量和长度对水泥净浆试件升温值的影响,分析了Ni-CF掺量对水泥净浆试件电热升温和电热转化率的提升效果。结果表明:随着Ni-CF掺量的增加,试件的最大升温值呈先升高后降低的趋势,纤维掺量为0.4%(质量分数)时试件升温效果的提升最明显;当Ni-CF长度从4 mm增至8 mm时,水泥净浆试件的最大升温值逐渐降低;水灰比(W/C)为0.5时,Ni-CF水泥净浆试件通电发热的温度最高;Ni-CF提高水泥净浆试件电热转化率的效果较好,最高可达71.98%,是同配合比下碳纤维(CF)水泥净浆试件电热转化率的两倍。

关键词: 水泥基材料, 镀镍碳纤维, 碳纤维, 电热效应, 升温特性, 电热转换

Abstract: To investigate the electrothermal properties of nickel-plated carbon fiber (Ni-CF) cement-based materials, the Ni-CF was mixed into cement to prepare thermally conductive cement-based composites. The effects of water-cement ratio (W/C), fiber content and length on the heating law of cement paste specimens were studied, and the variation law of the maximum temperature rise and the difference of the electrothermal conversion rate were analyzed. The results show that when the content of nickel-plated carbon fiber increases from 0.3% to 0.6%, the maximum temperature rise of the specimens increase first and then decrease, among them, the sample with 0.4% (mass fraction) Ni-CF content has the best heating effect. With the increase of Ni-CF length from 4 mm to 8 mm, the maximum temperature rise of cement paste specimen decreases gradually. The increase of the water-cement ratio leads to the maximum temperature rise of the nickel-plated carbon fiber cement paste. Under the same intensity of the current, the electrothermal conversion rate of Ni-CF cement specimens reach 71.98%, which is twice as high as that of carbon fiber (CF) cement specimens under the same mix ratio.

Key words: cement-based material, nickel-plated carbon fiber, carbon fiber, electrothermal effect, calefactive characteristic, thermoelectric conversion

中图分类号:

TU528.01

秦昭巧, 陈新杰, 储洪强, 张海生, 张迎忠, 姚乃嘉, 蒋林华. 镀镍碳纤维水泥基材料的电热性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(3): 802-809.

QIN Zhaoqiao, CHEN Xinjie, CHU Hongqiang, ZHANG Haisheng, ZHANG Yingzhong, YAO Naijia, JIANG Linhua. Electrothermal Performance of Nickel-Plated Carbon Fiber Cement-Based Materials[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(3): 802-809.

参考文献

[1] 李振东,孙敏.碳纳米管混凝土在桥墩节点处的智能监测[J/OL].建筑材料学报:1-11[2021-09-28].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/31.1764.TU.20210607.1748.016.html.
LI Z D, SUN M. Intelligent monitoring of carbon nanotube concrete at bridge pier nodes[J/OL]. Journal of Building Materials: 1-11[2021-09-28]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/31.1764.TU.20210607.1748.016.html (in Chinese).
[2] AZHARI F, BANTHIA N. Cement-based sensors with carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes for piezoresistive sensing[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2012, 34(7): 866-873.
[3] 吴泽进,施养杭.智能混凝土的研究与应用评述[J].混凝土,2009(11):86-88.
WU Z J, SHI Y H. Researches and application reviews on intelligent concrete[J]. Concrete, 2009(11): 86-88 (in Chinese).
[4] 黄维蓉,杨玉柱,宋鹏,等.石墨烯-碳纤维导电沥青混凝土电热性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2021,49(8):269-273.
HUANG W R, YANG Y Z, SONG P, et al. Study on electrothermal property of rGO-CF conductive asphalt concrete[J]. New Chemical Materials, 2021, 49(8): 269-273 (in Chinese).
[5] 王小英,孙明清,侯作富,等.电热混凝土复合材料的研究进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2007,26(1):128-132.
WANG X Y, SUN M Q, HOU Z F, et al. Advance in electrothermal concrete-matrix composite material[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2007, 26(1): 128-132 (in Chinese).
[6] 葛宇川,刘数华.碳纤维导电混凝土特性研究进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2019,38(8):2442-2447+2463.
GE Y C, LIU S H. Research progress on characteristics of carbon fiber conductive concrete[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2019, 38(8): 2442-2447+2463 (in Chinese).
[7] QIAO W T, PENG Y M, LI Y H. Research and application on a new-style carbon fiber electric heating plate[C]//2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). April 22-24, 2011, Lushan. IEEE, 2011: 3343-3346.
[8] 符养斌,黄有波,李炎锋,等.碳纤维与电缆加热用于道路融雪对比分析[J].中国科技信息,2017(s1):42-43+45.
FU Y B, HUANG Y B, LI Y F, et al. Comparative analysis of carbon fiber and cable heating for road snow melting [J]. China Science and Technology Information, 2017(s1): 42-43+45 (in Chinese).
[9] 张旗,刘太奇,张庆成.碳基采暖电热材料研究进展[J].材料导报,2018,32(s1):245-247.
ZHANG Q, LIU T Q, ZHANG Q C. Research progress of carbon-based electrothermal materials of heating application[J]. Materials Review, 2018, 32(s1): 245-247 (in Chinese).
[10] 郭子仪,罗茂盛,范振华.道路除雪化冰技术研究[J].交通科技,2011(5):71-74.
GUO Z Y, LUO M S, FAN Z H. Study on road snow removal and ice removal technology[J]. Transportation Science & Technology, 2011(5): 71-74 (in Chinese).
[11] CHUNG D D L. Cement-matrix structural nanocomposites[J]. Metals and Materials International, 2004, 10(1): 55-67.
[12] 张美会,曹维宇,肖建文.碳纤维表面化学接枝研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2021,49(6):38-41+46.
ZHANG M H, CAO W Y, XIAO J W. Research progress on chemical grafting on carbon fiber surface[J]. New Chemical Materials, 2021, 49(6): 38-41+46 (in Chinese).
[13] 李娜,李晓屿,黄玉东,等.基于电泳沉积法碳纤维表面改性的研究进展及应用[J].高分子通报,2021(2):29-37.
LI N, LI X Y, HUANG Y D, et al. Research progress and application of carbon fiber surface modification based on electrophoretic deposition[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2021(2): 29-37 (in Chinese).
[14] 祝志祥,丁一,徐若愚,等.碳纤维增强铜基复合材料制备方法研究进展[J].功能材料,2021,52(3):3060-3066.
ZHU Z X, DING Y, XU R Y, et al. Progress in preparation of carbon fiber reinforced copper matrix composites[J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2021, 52(3): 3060-3066 (in Chinese).
[15] 卢丹丽,何志平.碳纤维化学镀镍工艺及应用研究进展[J].中国陶瓷,2019,55(4):7-12.
LU D L, HE Z P. Progress in technology and application of electroless nickel-plated carbon fiber[J]. China Ceramics, 2019, 55(4): 7-12 (in Chinese).
[16] DE ROSA I M, DINESCU A, SARASINI F, et al. Effect of short carbon fibers and MWCNTs on microwave absorbing properties of polyester composites containing nickel-coated carbon fibers[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2010, 70(1): 102-109.
[17] BARD S, SCHÖNL F, DEMLEITNER M, et al. Copper and nickel coating of carbon fiber for thermally and electrically conductive fiber reinforced composites[J]. Polymers, 2019, 11(5): 823.
[18] 海然,杨久俊,张海涛,等.干湿环境中碳纤维水泥砂浆的电热性能[J].建筑材料学报,2006,9(5):593-597.
HAI R, YANG J J, ZHANG H T, et al. Electro-thermal properties of carbon fiber reinforced cement mortar[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2006, 9(5): 593-597 (in Chinese).
[19] 王红刚.电热效应机理分析[J].新乡学院学报(自然科学版),2012,29(3):211-213.
WANG H G. Mechanism of electrocaloric effect[J]. Journal of Xinxiang University (Natural Science Edition), 2012, 29(3): 211-213 (in Chinese).
[20] WANG H P, YANG J, LIAO H, et al. Electrical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete containing conductive fibers and fillers[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 122: 184-190.
[21] 姚武,王瑞卿.外加电场作用下碳纤维增强水泥基材料的输运特性[J].硅酸盐学报,2008,36(1):73-77.
YAO W, WANG R Q. Transport properties of carbon fiber reinforced cement-based composites subjected to external electric field[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2008, 36(1): 73-77 (in Chinese).
[22] 张晏清,周志福,张雄.覆导电膜骨料水泥砂浆的强度与电热效应[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(2):259-262.
ZHANG Y Q, ZHOU Z F, ZHANG X. Strength and electro-thermal effect of conductive film coated aggregate mortar[J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), 2011, 39(2): 259-262 (in Chinese).
[23] 赵端锋,刘肖凡,李继祥,等.聚丙烯纤维稻壳砂浆早期收缩裂缝试验研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2016(5):53-56.
ZHAO D F, LIU X F, LI J X, et al. Experimental study on early shrinkage crack of rice husk mortar with polypropylene fiber[J]. China Concrete and Cement Products, 2016(5): 53-56 (in Chinese).
[24] 董必钦,马红岩.水泥胶凝材料水化进程及力学特性研究[J].混凝土,2008(5):23-25.
DONG B Q, MA H Y. Hydration and mechanical characteris of cement material[J]. Concrete, 2008(5): 23-25 (in Chinese).
[25] 宋成轶,栾添,邬剑波,等.聚合物基热界面材料界面接触热阻的研究进展[J].集成技术,2019,8(1):54-67.
SONG C Y, LUAN T, WU J B, et al. Research progress on the interface thermal resistance of polymer based thermal interface materials[J]. Journal of Integration Technology, 2019, 8(1): 54-67 (in Chinese).