SiO2纳米纤维膜的电纺制备及结构性能优化

硅酸盐通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 2770-2776.

SiO₂纳米纤维膜的电纺制备及结构性能优化

宋一龙, 赵芳, 李志尊, 黄红军

陆军工程大学石家庄校区,石家庄 050003

收稿日期:2021-02-26 修回日期:2021-05-15 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-09-02
通讯作者: 赵芳,副教授。E-mail:zhaofang19821106@163.com
作者简介:宋一龙(1995—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事纳米纤维材料研究。E-mail:songyilong95@163.com
基金资助:
河北省自然科学基金青年科学基金(E2015506011);陆军工程大学石家庄校区科研创新发展基金(KYSZJQZL1910)

Preparation of SiO₂ Nanofiber Membrane by Electrospinning and Its Structure and Performance Optimization

SONG Yilong, ZHAO Fang, LI Zhizun, HUANG Hongjun

Shijiazhuang Campus, Army Engineering University, Shijiazhuang 050003, China

Received:2021-02-26 Revised:2021-05-15 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-09-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对静电纺丝工艺和热处理制度的调控实现了SiO₂纳米纤维微观结构和力学性能的优化。本文以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料、以聚乙烯吡络烷酮(PVP)为助纺剂,通过静电纺丝法结合热处理工艺制备了SiO₂纳米纤维膜。通过热重-差热联用热分析仪、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和拉力试验机等手段对纳米膜进行了表征与测试,探究了聚合物浓度和升温速率对纳米膜微观形貌和力学性能的影响。研究表明,SiO₂/PVP复合膜经800 ℃煅烧后均生成了无定形态的SiO₂。随着PVP浓度的增加,煅烧后产物的微观形貌由骰子状微球向连续纤维发展,力学性能随之改善,PVP质量分数为25%时,连续纤维膜具有最佳的拉伸强度,为3.25 MPa;随着升温速率的增加,SiO₂/PVP连续纤维膜经800 ℃煅烧后,产物内部的残余热应力增加,纤维连续性降低,强度降低。本研究为SiO₂纳米纤维的功能化应用提供理论基础。

关键词: 二氧化硅, 纳米纤维, 静电纺丝, 聚合物浓度, 煅烧速率, 拉伸强度

Abstract: The optimization of the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO₂ nanofibers was achieved by adjusting the composition of the electrospining method and the heat treatment process. In this paper, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was used as raw material, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as spinning aid, and SiO₂ nano-membrane was prepared by electrospinning method combined with heat treatment process. The effects of polymer concentration and calcination rate on the microscopic morphology and mechanical properties of fiber membranes were studied. Using means of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffractometer, fourier infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope and tensile testing machine, the fiber membrane was microscopically analyzed and tested. The results show that with the increase of PVP concentration, the morphology of the product develops from dice-shaped microspheres to continuous fibers, and the mechanical properties are improved accordingly. When the mass fraction of PVP is 25%, the fiber membrane has the best tensile strength, which is 3.25 MPa. With the increase of the heating rate, after the SiO₂/PVP continuous fiber membrane is calcined at 800 ℃, the residual thermal stress inside the product increases, the fiber continuity decreases, and the strength decreases. This research provides a theoretical basis for the functional application of SiO₂ nanofibers.

Key words: SiO₂, nanofiber, electrostatic spinning, polymer concentration, calcination rate, tensile strength

中图分类号:

宋一龙, 赵芳, 李志尊, 黄红军. SiO₂纳米纤维膜的电纺制备及结构性能优化[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(8): 2770-2776.

SONG Yilong, ZHAO Fang, LI Zhizun, HUANG Hongjun. Preparation of SiO₂ Nanofiber Membrane by Electrospinning and Its Structure and Performance Optimization[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2021, 40(8): 2770-2776.

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SiO₂纳米纤维膜的电纺制备及结构性能优化

Preparation of SiO₂ Nanofiber Membrane by Electrospinning and Its Structure and Performance Optimization

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