3D打印混凝土材料可打印性的影响因素与测试方法

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 混凝土3D打印作为近年来发展出的高新技术,受到了广泛的关注,并取得了许多研究成果,但目前对材料特性的测试方法没有形成统一的认识。本文从流动性、凝结时间、流变特性、可挤出性和可建造性五个方面综述了3D打印混凝土的研究进展。流动度试验可以用来快速筛选出不适合打印的材料。从长远来看,凝结时间短的材料更有潜力。流变特性可以定量化分析材料性能,但静态屈服应力随时间的演变缺少研究。目前可挤出性仍由观察法来评判,可以使用空隙率来将可挤出性定量表示。由于坍塌方式不同,可建造性需要将打印层数与试件形变结合起来评价。本文还总结了近年来可打印性的测试方法,对其优缺点进行分析,并对可打印性的量化与评估提供了一些建议,以便研究者借鉴。

关键词: 3D打印混凝土, 3D打印砂浆, 流变特性, 可挤出性, 可建造性

Abstract: Concrete 3D printing is a new and high technology developed in recent years, which has attracted extensive attention and achieved many research results. However, there is no unified understanding of the testing method of material properties at present. In this paper, the research progress of 3D printing concrete was reviewed for five aspects: fluidity, setting time, rheological properties, extrudability and buildability. Fluidity test is used to quickly screen out material not suitable for printing. In the long run, materials with short setting time have more potential. The rheological properties of materials are quantitatively analyzed, but the evolution of static yield stress with time is lacking in research. At present, the extrudability is still judged by observation method and quantified by voidage. Due to different collapse modes, buildability should be evaluated by combining the number of printed layers with the deformation of specimens. The printability testing methods in recent years were summarized, their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. And this paper provides some suggestions for the quantification and evaluation of printability for researchers to use for reference.

Key words: 3D printing concrete, 3D printing mortar, rheological property, extrudability, buildability

中图分类号:

TU528

焦泽坤, 王栋民, 王启宝, 黄天勇, 王吉祥, 李林坤. 3D打印混凝土材料可打印性的影响因素与测试方法[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(6): 1821-1831.

JIAO Zekun, WANG Dongmin, WANG Qibao, HUANG Tianyong, WANG Jixiang, LI Linkun. Influencing Factors and Testing Methods of Printability of 3D Printing Concrete Materials[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2021, 40(6): 1821-1831.

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