风蚀及风沙冲蚀下内蒙古小元峁明长城土遗址损伤劣化分析

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0099

硅酸盐通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 3116-3126.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0099

• 道路材料及其他 • 上一篇

风蚀及风沙冲蚀下内蒙古小元峁明长城土遗址损伤劣化分析

郝贠洪^1,2,3, 云泽亚¹, 吴日根¹, 丰五岩⁴, 侯智国⁵

1.内蒙古工业大学土木工程学院,呼和浩特 010051;
2.内蒙古自治区建筑检测鉴定与安全评估工程技术研究中心,呼和浩特 010051;
3.内蒙古自治区土木工程绿色建造与智能运维重点实验室,呼和浩特 010051;
4.内蒙古宏盛建设集团有限公司,呼和浩特 010020;
5.内蒙古建筑职业技术学院,呼和浩特 010070

收稿日期:2025-01-30 修订日期:2025-04-10 出版日期:2025-08-15 发布日期:2025-08-22
通信作者: 云泽亚,硕士研究生。E-mail:954551249@qq.com
作者简介:郝贠洪(1977—),男,博士,教授。主要从事区域特殊环境下工程材料耐久性的研究。E-mail:Haoyunhong@imut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(12272190);国家自然科学基金地区项目(11862022);内蒙古自治区草原英才资助项目

Analysis of Damage and Deterioration of the Ming Great Wall Soil Site in Xiaoyuanmao of Inner Mongolia under Wind Erosion and Wind-Sand Erosion

HAO Yunhong^1,2,3, YUN Zeya¹, WU Rigen¹, FENG Wuyan⁴, HOU Zhiguo⁵

1. School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Construction Testing, Identification and Safety Assessment Engineering Technology Research Center, Hohhot 010051, China;
3. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Green Construction and Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Civil Engineering, Hohhot 010051, China;
4. Inner Mongolia Hongsheng Construction Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010020, China;
5. Inner Mongolia Technical College of Construction, Hohhot 010070, China

Received:2025-01-30 Revised:2025-04-10 Published:2025-08-15 Online:2025-08-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对内蒙古清水河县小元峁段明长城土遗址在风蚀及风沙冲蚀影响下损伤严重的问题,本文以冲蚀速度、冲蚀时间、下沙率和冲蚀角度为变量,通过模拟风蚀和风沙冲蚀试验对重塑遗址土的冲蚀劣化过程进行研究,并通过微观试验对土体表观形貌及内部孔隙进行探测。结果表明:风沙冲蚀下土体质量损失为风蚀的20.23倍;风沙冲蚀下,冲蚀率随下沙率增加先降低后升高,随冲蚀速度增大而增大;高风速小角度和低风速大角度冲蚀下冲蚀率较高,低风速小角度和高风速大角度冲蚀下冲蚀率较低;在小角度切削作用及大角度冲击下,土体损伤从表面向内部逐渐加重;土体孔隙类型主要为锥形孔,冲蚀后土体孔隙比表面积、微孔体积、孔隙总体积及平均孔径均增大,孔隙分形维数减小,表明冲蚀后土体内部损伤加重。研究成果可为该地区明长城的保护与修缮提供参考。

关键词: 明长城土遗址, 病害调研, 风蚀, 风沙冲蚀, 损伤劣化

Abstract: In view of the serious damage of the Ming Great Wall soil site in Xiaoyuanmao section of Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolia under the influence of wind erosion and wind-sand erosion, this paper took erosion velocity, erosion time, sand falling rate and erosion angle as variables. The erosion degradation process of remolded site soil was studied by simulating wind erosion and wind-sand erosion tests, and the apparent morphology and internal pores of soil were detected by microscopic test. The results show that the mass loss of soil under wind-sand erosion is 20.23 times greater than that under wind erosion. Under wind-sand erosion, the erosion rate decreases first and then increases with the increase of sand falling rate, and increases with the increase of erosion rate. The erosion rate is higher under high wind speed with small angle and low wind speed with large angle erosion, and the erosion rate is lower under low wind speed with small angle and high wind speed with large angle erosion. Under the action of small angle cutting and large angle impact, the soil damage gradually increases from the surface to the inside. The pore type of soil is mainly conical pore. After erosion, the pore specific surface area, micropore volume, total pore volume and average pore size of soil increase, and the pore fractal dimension decreases, indicating that the internal damage of soil increases after erosion. The research results can provide reference for the protection and repair of the Ming Great Wall in this area.

Key words: the Ming Great Wall soil site, disease investigation, wind erosion, wind-sand erosion, damage deterioration

中图分类号:

TU521.3

郝贠洪, 云泽亚, 吴日根, 丰五岩, 侯智国. 风蚀及风沙冲蚀下内蒙古小元峁明长城土遗址损伤劣化分析[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2025, 44(8): 3116-3126.

HAO Yunhong, YUN Zeya, WU Rigen, FENG Wuyan, HOU Zhiguo. Analysis of Damage and Deterioration of the Ming Great Wall Soil Site in Xiaoyuanmao of Inner Mongolia under Wind Erosion and Wind-Sand Erosion[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025, 44(8): 3116-3126.

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风蚀及风沙冲蚀下内蒙古小元峁明长城土遗址损伤劣化分析

Analysis of Damage and Deterioration of the Ming Great Wall Soil Site in Xiaoyuanmao of Inner Mongolia under Wind Erosion and Wind-Sand Erosion

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