Abstract:

Driven by the global energy crisis and the twin goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality， energy-saving materials are rapidly advancing toward higher efficiency and extended service life. In the building and transportation sectors， heat transfer through window glass accounts for more than 50% of total energy loss， making the development of high-performance energy-saving glass a critical priority. Conventional coated energy-saving glass， such as Low-E coated glass and tungsten bronze （M _x WO₃） film-coated glass， can effectively shield near-infrared （NIR） radiation. However， their long-term application is limited by limitations including coating degradation， poor adhesion， complex manufacturing processes， and high costs. In contrast， doped energy-saving glass achieve intrinsic functionalization by uniformly incorporating functional ions （Fe²⁺） or functional units （M _x WO₃） into the glass matrix. These materials simultaneously exhibit high visible-light transmittance， broadband NIR shielding， excellent durability， and cost-effective manufacturability. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in doped energy-saving glass， with a particular focus on two major systems： Fe²⁺-doped glass and M _x WO₃-doped glass. Finally， future research directions are discussed， emphasizing the need for further compositional optimization to ensure compatibility with float glass manufacturing processes and to enable broader application scenarios， such as automotive glass and architectural curtain walls. Overall， this work provides valuable insights and references for the industrial application of high-efficiency energy-saving glass.

Key words: energy-saving glass, doped glass, tungsten bronze, Fe²⁺-doped glass, NIR shielding, optical performance