Research Progress on Tunable Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate Ceramics

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1222

Abstract

Abstract:

Barium strontium titanate （Ba_1-_x Sr _x TiO₃，BST） ceramics， as an environmentally friendly ferroelectric material， have attracted considerable attention among lead-free dielectric tunable materials due to their excellent dielectric properties， large dielectric nonlinearity， good chemical stability， and adjustable Curie temperature. Owing to simple preparation processes and relatively low production costs， BST ceramics exhibit wide application prospects in modern communication systems， electronic information equipment， and tunable microwave devices. In recent years， extensive research on the enhancement of tunable properties and comprehensive improvement of dielectric characteristics in BST ceramics has been carried out， aiming to meet the requirements of next-generation tunable microwave devices. This work systematically review the research progress and current status of tunable properties in BST ceramics from the three key aspects： the doping modification， the design of multi-phase composites， and the optimization of the preparation process. Furthermore， a valuable reference for the future development and application of high-performance dielectric tunable materials is provided.

Key words: barium strontium titanate ceramics, multi-phase composite, tunable property, lead-free, doping modification, preparation process

CLC Number:

TB34

ZHAO Yi, RAN Dongsheng, JIN Yihang, XIA Chenyu, CHENG Lu, LIU Wenfeng. Research Progress on Tunable Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate Ceramics[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(6): 2092-2103.

Figures/Tables 4

References 92

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Doping type	Composition	T_r/%	tan δ	FOM	Reference
—	Pure BST	45	0.010 1	44	［29］
Donor doping	Nb-doping	12	0.012 0	10	［46］
Donor doping	Y-doping	36	0.025 0	14	［47］
Donor doping	La-doping	33	0.034 0	9	［48］
Acceptor doping	Al-doping	30	0.004 5	66	［46］
Acceptor doping	Fe-doping	20	0.003 0	67	［46］
Acceptor doping	Mg-doping	22	0.007 0	31	［51］
Acceptor doping	Mn-doping	27	0.004 5	60	［52］
Co-doping	Mg/Zn doping	47	0.007 3	64	［53］
Co-doping	Y/Mn doping	63	0.007 8	81	［54］
Co-doping	Li/Nb doping	15	0.001 7	86	［55］
Co-doping	Y/Mn doping	43	0.003 0	143	［56］
Co-doping	La/Mn doping	85	0.001 8	472	［57］
Co-doping	La/Cr doping	84	0.004 1	204	［58］

Doping type	Composition	T_r/%	tan δ	FOM	Reference
—	Pure BST	45	0.010 1	44	［29］
Donor doping	Nb-doping	12	0.012 0	10	［46］
Donor doping	Y-doping	36	0.025 0	14	［47］
Donor doping	La-doping	33	0.034 0	9	［48］
Acceptor doping	Al-doping	30	0.004 5	66	［46］
Acceptor doping	Fe-doping	20	0.003 0	67	［46］
Acceptor doping	Mg-doping	22	0.007 0	31	［51］
Acceptor doping	Mn-doping	27	0.004 5	60	［52］
Co-doping	Mg/Zn doping	47	0.007 3	64	［53］
Co-doping	Y/Mn doping	63	0.007 8	81	［54］
Co-doping	Li/Nb doping	15	0.001 7	86	［55］
Co-doping	Y/Mn doping	43	0.003 0	143	［56］
Co-doping	La/Mn doping	85	0.001 8	472	［57］
Co-doping	La/Cr doping	84	0.004 1	204	［58］

Composition	T_r/%	tan δ	FOM	Reference
BST-Y₂O₃	28	0.003 8	74	［67］
BST-ZnAl₂O₄	46	0.005 6	83	［68］
BST-Ba₂SiO₄	33	0.002 3	140	［69］
BST-Li₂ZnTi₃O₈	28	0.002 7	102	［70］
BST-BaCuSi₄O₁₀	37	0.000 9	411	［71］
BST-Zn₂P₂O₇	53	0.001 9	277	［72］
BST-SiO₂	71	0.007 0	101	［73］
BST-MgTi₂O₄	32	0.002 1	112	［74］
BST-MgAl₂O₄	23	0.001 4	164	［75］
BST-MgAl₂O₄	24	0.003 0	80	［76］
BST-Mg₂SiO₄-MgO	13	0.001 0	130	［77］

Composition	T_r/%	tan δ	FOM	Reference
BST-Y₂O₃	28	0.003 8	74	［67］
BST-ZnAl₂O₄	46	0.005 6	83	［68］
BST-Ba₂SiO₄	33	0.002 3	140	［69］
BST-Li₂ZnTi₃O₈	28	0.002 7	102	［70］
BST-BaCuSi₄O₁₀	37	0.000 9	411	［71］
BST-Zn₂P₂O₇	53	0.001 9	277	［72］
BST-SiO₂	71	0.007 0	101	［73］
BST-MgTi₂O₄	32	0.002 1	112	［74］
BST-MgAl₂O₄	23	0.001 4	164	［75］
BST-MgAl₂O₄	24	0.003 0	80	［76］
BST-Mg₂SiO₄-MgO	13	0.001 0	130	［77］