Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Failure Mechanism of Headed Stud Connectors in Composite Beams under Impact Loading

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0268

Abstract

Abstract:

To reveal the dynamic mechanical response and failure mechanism of headed stud connectors in steel-concrete composite beams under extreme impact loading， this study conducted experimental investigations on their dynamic shear performance through a combination of static push-out tests and drop-weight impact tests. The impact force and displacement time-history curves of the specimens under different drop heights were systematically obtained， and the failure modes and evolution of dynamic shear bearing capacity were analyzed.The results show that the mechanical performance of the headed stud connectors under drop-weight impact loading exhibits clear drop-height dependence and strain-rate effects. The failure mode， peak impact force， and displacement response vary significantly with increasing input impact energy. Under low-energy impact， the headed stud connectors mainly remain in an elastic response stage. Under medium-energy impact， asymmetric failure occurs， characterized by brittle shear fracture of headed studs connectors on one side accompanied by local concrete crushing. Under high-energy impact， brittle shear fracture occurs in the headed studs connectors on both sides， leading to complete interface failure.With increasing drop height， both the peak impact force and residual displacement increase markedly， and the dynamic shear bearing capacity is 72% to 176% higher than the static bearing capacity. Based on the experimental results， the relationship between the dynamic increase factor （DIF） and strain rate is established. A DIF-based calculation method for the dynamic shear bearing capacity of headed stud connectors is then proposed and validated through comparison with classical bearing capacity models for headed stud connectors. This study can provide a reference for the design and safety assessment of shear connections in composite structures subjected to extreme actions such as impact and explosion.

Key words: steel-concrete composite beam, headed stud connector, impact load, bearing capacity calculation, dynamic increase factor （DIF）, failure mechanism

CLC Number:

TU398⁺.9

FENG Junhao, HU Hao, YU Zhenpeng, DU Xiaoqing, ZHANG Yongping. Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Failure Mechanism of Headed Stud Connectors in Composite Beams under Impact Loading[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(9): 3117-3125.

Figures/Tables 14

References 18

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Calculation method	Bearing capacity/kN	Error/%
This experiment	930.97	—
GB 50917—2013^［13］	415.60	55.32
AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications^［14］	608.21	34.61
Eurocode 4： design of composite steel and concrete structures^［15］	389.24	58.15
武芳文等^［8］	711.17	23.55

Calculation method	Bearing capacity/kN	Error/%
This experiment	930.97	—
GB 50917—2013^［13］	415.60	55.32
AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications^［14］	608.21	34.61
Eurocode 4： design of composite steel and concrete structures^［15］	389.24	58.15
武芳文等^［8］	711.17	23.55