Formation Mechanism of Ce3+ in Sn-Doped CeO2 and Its Effect on Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Abstract

Abstract: During the operation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), free radicals generated by PEMFC usually attack proton exchange membrane (PEM), causing the formation of crack or holes, which make the cell failure. Adding free radical scavenger material into PEM is regarded as a commonly modification method. Here, a Sn-doped CeO₂ free radical scavenger was synthesized. By increasing the concentration of Ce³⁺, the free radical scavenging performance of CeO₂ in PEMFC could be enhanced, which could avoid PEM thickness to decrease rapidly, and the durability of PEMFC could be improved. Density functional theory calculation and experimental results show that Sn-doping can cause lattice distortion of CeO₂, reduce the formation energy of oxygen vacancy, and improve the formation of Ce³⁺ in CeO₂. At the same time, the addition of Sn²⁺ can reduce Ce⁴⁺ in CeO₂-Sn to form Ce³⁺, which is conducive to increasing the concentration of Ce³⁺ and thus improving the durability of PEM. The results of single cell test show that the voltage attenuation rate of the single cell assembled with CeO₂-Sn-5% modified is the lowest (18%) and the power retention rate (56%) of the single cell is higher than that of other PEM after 70 h open circuit voltage decay test, which indicates that the sample has better durability.

Key words: CeO₂, Sn-doping, density functional theory calculation, oxygen vacancy, PEMFC, durability

CLC Number:

TK91

TU Ziqiang, HE Xuan, DU Xing, CHEN Hui, ZHAO Lei, ZHANG Haijun, WANG Cheng. Formation Mechanism of Ce³⁺ in Sn-Doped CeO₂ and Its Effect on Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(5): 1841-1851.

References

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Formation Mechanism of Ce³⁺ in Sn-Doped CeO₂ and Its Effect on Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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