Preparation and Properties of High Strength and Toughness Silicon Nitride Ceramics for Ice Skates

Abstract

Abstract: Silicon nitride ceramic strips were prepared by air pressure sintering process with α-Si₃N₄ powder as raw material and MgO-La₂O₃-Lu₂O₃ as ternary composite sintering aids. The effects of sintering aids and β-Si₃N₄ on the microstructure and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics were studied. The results show that the ternary composite sintering aids promote the densification of sintering and improve the mechanical properties of the materials. At the highest sintering temperature of 1 750 ℃ and the addition of 8% (mass fraction) composite sintering aids, the silicon nitride ceramics for ice skates with density of 3.172 8 g/cm³, Vickers hardness of 15.85 GPa, fracture toughness and bending strength of 9.69 MPa·m^1/2 and 1 029 MPa can be obtained. The fracture toughness of the material is enhanced by adding β-Si₃N₄, and the maximum fracture toughness is 10.33 MPa·m^1/2. The high hardness of Si₃N₄ ceramics itself and the addition of rare earth oxides improve the hardness and lubricating properties of the prepared ice skates, and the surface properties of ice skates are excellent.

Key words: ice skate, silicon nitride ceramics, rare earth, ternary compound additive, air pressure sintering, mechanical property

CLC Number:

TQ174

ZHANG Cheng, ZHANG Guanglei, HAO Ning, YU Gang, QIN Guoqiang. Preparation and Properties of High Strength and Toughness Silicon Nitride Ceramics for Ice Skates[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(12): 4425-4431.

References

[1] 李安娜.北京2022年冬奥会背景下我国冰雪产业链现代化:机遇、挑战与路径[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2022,41(1):25-32.
LI A N. Modernization of China's ice and snow industry chain under the background of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics: opportunities, challenges and paths[J]. Journal of Shenyang Sport University, 2022, 41(1): 25-32 (in Chinese).
[2] 张艳静.冰刀上的“乾坤”[J].农村青少年科学探究,2018(s1):67.
ZHANG Y J. The “universe” on the ice blade [J]. Rural Adolescent Scientific Inquiry, 2018(s1): 67 (in Chinese).
[3] 闫旋飞,高珊珊.北京冬奥会背景下我国冰雪运动可持续发展路径探析[J].冰雪体育创新研究,2021(23):1-2.
YAN X F, GAO S S. Analysis on sustainable development path of ice and snow sports under the background of Beijing Winter Olympics [J]. Research on Innovation of Ice and Snow Sports, 2021(23): 1-2 (in Chinese).
[4] 齐丽敏,杨斌霞,董欣.现代科学技术发展对速滑冰刀演变的影响[J].冰雪运动,2006,28(2):108-109.
QI L M, YANG B X, DONG X. The influence of the development of modern science and technology on the evolution of speed skater [J]. China Winter Sports, 2006, 28(2): 108-109 (in Chinese).
[5] 李梦晗.基于水基润滑理论的冰刀减阻影响参数研究[D].北京:北方工业大学,2021.
LI M H. Research on influencing parameters of ice skate drag reduction based on water-based lubrication theory[D]. Beijing: North China University of Technology, 2021 (in Chinese).
[6] 陈文红,王世君,汪宇峰,等.“基础型冰刀”推广应用对我国滑冰运动普及发展的研究[J].冰雪运动,2020,42(1):11-15.
CHEN W H, WANG S J, WANG Y F, et al. Research on the popularization and application of “basic skates” on the popularization and development of skating in China[J]. China Winter Sports, 2020, 42(1): 11-15 (in Chinese).
[7] 豆照良,刘峰斌,汪家道.速滑冰刀减阻与高效驱动技术研究[J].冰雪运动,2018,40(4):13-18.
DOU Z L, LIU F B, WANG J D. Research on the ice skate blade for friction reduction and efficient driving[J]. China Winter Sports, 2018, 40(4): 13-18 (in Chinese).
[8] 刘贵宝.速滑运动冰面摩擦作用的力学机理探析[J].冰雪运动,2017,39(6):5-9+25.
LIU G B. Overview of the friction mechanical effect on the ice surface in speed skating[J]. China Winter Sports, 2017, 39(6): 5-9+25 (in Chinese).
[9] 周骥.速滑冰刀的参数化设计及摩擦特性分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2016.
ZHOU J. Parametric design and friction characteristics analysis of speed skating ice skate[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2016 (in Chinese).
[10] 邱建明,杨艳青.不锈钢冰刀的失效分析[J].金属热处理,2011,36(s1):401-404.
QIU J M, YANG Y Q. FailurFailure analysis on stainless steel skate[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2011, 36(s1): 401-404 (in Chinese).
[11] 陈波,韦中华,李镔,等.氮化硅陶瓷在四大领域的研究及应用进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2022,41(4):1404-1415.
CHEN B, WEI Z H, LI B, et al. Research and application progress of silicon nitride ceramics in four major fields[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(4): 1404-1415 (in Chinese).
[12] 刘亚,叶飞,陈涵,等.高韧性Si₃N₄陶瓷材料的制备及性能研究[J].中国陶瓷,2013,49(4):19-24.
LIU Y, YE F, CHEN H, et al. The fabrication and performances of high toughness silicon nitride ceramic materials[J]. China Ceramics, 2013, 49(4): 19-24 (in Chinese).
[13] 熊浩.基于晶种掺杂低温制备高强韧氮化硅陶瓷的研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2018.
XIONG H. Fabrication of high performance silicon nitride ceramics based on the addition of seeds at low temperatures[D]. Guangzhou: Guangdong University of Technology, 2018 (in Chinese).
[14] LIU N, ZHANG J X, DUAN Y S, et al. Effect of rare earth oxides addition on the mechanical properties and coloration of silicon nitride ceramics[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2020, 40(4): 1132-1138.
[15] 刘剑,谢志鹏,肖志才,等.烧结助剂对氮化硅陶瓷热导率和力学性能的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2020,48(12):1865-1871.
LIU J, XIE Z P, XIAO Z C, et al. Effect of sintering aids on thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 48(12): 1865-1871 (in Chinese).
[16] 刘聪,郭伟明,付君宇,等.基于烧结助剂和烧结温度协同优化的高强韧Si₃N₄陶瓷研究[J].陶瓷学报,2018,39(2):165-169.
LIU C, GUO W M, FU J Y, et al. Si₃N₄ ceramics with high strength and toughness based on synergistic optimization of sintering aids and sintering temperature[J]. Journal of Ceramics, 2018, 39(2): 165-169 (in Chinese).
[17] 钟楠,宁晓山,白冰,等.LaF₃-MgO助烧剂配比对Si₃N₄陶瓷烧结及性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2011,40(s1):506-509.
ZHONG N, NING X S, BAI B, et al. Sintering and properties of Si₃N₄ with LaF₃/MgO additives[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2011, 40(s1): 506-509 (in Chinese).
[18] 刘杰,蒋强国.含三元烧结助剂的氮化硅陶瓷刀具切削性能研究[J].陶瓷学报,2018,39(4):487-491.
LIU J, JIANG Q G. Cutting performance of silicon nitride ceramic tool containing ternary sintering additives[J]. Journal of Ceramics, 2018, 39(4): 487-491 (in Chinese).
[19] 段于森,张景贤,李晓光,等.稀土氧化物对常压烧结氮化硅陶瓷性能的影响[J].无机材料学报,2017,32(12):1275-1279.
DUAN Y S, ZHANG J X, LI X G, et al. Rare earth oxides on property of pressureless sintered Si₃N₄ ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(12): 1275-1279 (in Chinese).
[20] BECHER P F, PAINTER G S, SHIBATA N, et al. Effects of rare-earth (RE) intergranular adsorption on the phase transformation, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties in silicon nitride with RE₂O₃+MgO additives: Re=La, Gd, and Lu[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2008, 91(7): 2328-2336.
[21] YANG H T, GAO L, YUAN R Z, et al. Effect of MgO/CeO₂ on pressureless sintering of silicon nitride[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2001, 69(1/2/3): 281-283.
[22] 曹忠敏,周存龙,王强,等.La₂O₃含量对气压烧结Si₃N₄陶瓷耐磨性的影响[J].陶瓷学报,2021,42(4):645-651.
CAO Z M, ZHOU C L, WANG Q, et al. Effect of La₂O₃ on wear resistance of pneumatic sintered Si₃N₄ ceramics[J]. Journal of Ceramics, 2021, 42(4): 645-651 (in Chinese).
[23] 刘守耀.高压制备Si₃N₄-PTFE-EP自润滑复合材料及其摩擦学性能[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2020.
LIU S Y. Tribological performances of Si₃N₄-PTFE-EP self-lubricating composites prepared by high pressure compression molding[D]. Qinhuangdao: Yanshan University, 2020 (in Chinese).
[24] KRSTIC Z, YU Z B, KRSTIC V D. Effect of grain width and aspect ratio on mechanical properties of Si₃N₄ ceramics[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2007, 42(14): 5431-5436.
[25] 孙浩轩,曹丽燕,汪振华.放电等离子烧结氮化硅陶瓷刀具材料的摩擦磨损性能[J].硅酸盐通报,2019,38(12):3734-3740.
SUN H X, CAO L Y, WANG Z H. Friction and wear properties of silicon nitride ceramic tool materials fabricated by spark plasma sintering[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2019, 38(12): 3734-3740 (in Chinese).
[26] 白威.钛合金摩擦磨损性能的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2019.
BAI W. Study on fretting wear properties of damage tolerant titanium alloys[D]. Shenyang: Northeastern University, 2019 (in Chinese).