Model Test of Carbonized Photovoltaic Piles Based on Solid Waste Fly Ash

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1072

Abstract

Abstract:

In centralized photovoltaic projects， a large amount of cement is consumed in foundation construction， which not only depletes natural resources but also exerts negative impacts on the environment. Therefore， exploring and applying alternative curing materials to replace cement has become a crucial direction for the photovoltaic industry to achieve green and low-carbon development. Focusing on the core goal of cement reduction， this study used circulating fluidized bed fly ash （CFBFA） and flue gas desulfurization gypsum （FGD） as mineral admixtures， and prepared photovoltaic pile foundations by combining carbonation curing technology. Carbonation tests， concrete strength tests， and indoor model tests were carried out to systematically analyze the solid waste absorption capacity and engineering performance of this technology. The results show that carbonation curing can improve the mechanical properties of concrete by optimizing its pore structure： after 28 d carbonation curing， the solid waste concrete with 30% CFBFA and 3% FGD （mass fraction） achieves a compressive strength of 45.2 MPa and a splitting tensile strength of 5.5 MPa， which are 55.3% and 89.7% higher than those of the solid waste group under standard curing， respectively. In addition， the ultimate uplift bearing capacity of the solid waste-based photovoltaic pile is 6.7% higher than that of the traditional pile foundation， and its pile side friction resistance performs better. When the carbonation curing technology for solid waste-based photovoltaic piles is applied to prepare foundations for every 1 000 photovoltaic panels， it can reduce standard coal consumption by 42.2 kg/t， decrease electricity and resource consumption by 33.0%， and absorb 29.4 t of CFBFA and 2.9 t of FGD simultaneously. In conclusion， the carbonation curing technology for solid waste-based photovoltaic piles can significantly reduce cement usage in photovoltaic projects and achieve the dual goals of solid waste resource utilization and carbon emission reduction.

Key words: photovoltaic pile, carbonization curing, solid waste absorption, model test, fly ash, energy saving and emission reduction

CLC Number:

TU473.1

ZHU Xitong, LI Chi, LIU Yang, WANG Xiaorong. Model Test of Carbonized Photovoltaic Piles Based on Solid Waste Fly Ash[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(5): 1615-1625.

Figures/Tables 16

References 30

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Raw material	Mass fraction/%
Raw material	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	SO₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	K₂O	Other	Loss on ignition
Cement	22.23	4.75	63.41	2.54	2.62	1.38	0.82	2.25	3.13
CFBFA	40.32	37.02	12.10	4.76	2.83	0.34	0.31	2.32	1.71
FGD	5.94	1.43	43.01	46.35	1.21	0.43	1.11	0.52	17.29

Raw material	Mass fraction/%
Raw material	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	SO₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	K₂O	Other	Loss on ignition
Cement	22.23	4.75	63.41	2.54	2.62	1.38	0.82	2.25	3.13
CFBFA	40.32	37.02	12.10	4.76	2.83	0.34	0.31	2.32	1.71
FGD	5.94	1.43	43.01	46.35	1.21	0.43	1.11	0.52	17.29

Sample	Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）							Water-to-binder ratio
Sample	Cement	CFBFA	FGD	Sand	Stone	Water	Water-reducing agent	Water-to-binder ratio
PC-S	380	0	0	732	1 098	190	0	0.5
FG-S	255	114	11	732	1 098	190	7.6	0.5
FG-C	255	114	11	732	1 098	190	7.6	0.5

Sample	Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）							Water-to-binder ratio
Sample	Cement	CFBFA	FGD	Sand	Stone	Water	Water-reducing agent	Water-to-binder ratio
PC-S	380	0	0	732	1 098	190	0	0.5
FG-S	255	114	11	732	1 098	190	7.6	0.5
FG-C	255	114	11	732	1 098	190	7.6	0.5

Raw material	Standard coal consumption/kg		Battery level/（kW·h）		Resource consumption/kg
Raw material	Per ton	1 000 photovoltaic panels	Per ton	1 000 photovoltaic panels	Per ton	1 000 photovoltaic panels
Cement	128.0	12 518.0	21.4	2 089.9	1 600	156 474.4
Solid waste from power plants	85.8	8 387.3	14.3	1 401.7	1 072	104 837.8