乙二醇对硅酸钾凝胶结构与性能的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为保持硅酸钾凝胶稳定性的同时提高其耐寒性能,通过红外光谱、激光光散射、流变试验、耐寒试验等测试研究了乙二醇的添加量对硅酸钾凝胶结构、光学性能、稳定性和耐寒性能的影响。结果表明:随着乙二醇含量的增加,硅酸钾凝胶的网络结构中Q^3'组分含量逐渐增加,网络聚合度不断增加,提升了硅酸钾凝胶的稳定性并抵消了固相含量下降所造成的稳定性降低;当乙二醇含量达到11.39%(质量分数)时,硅酸钾凝胶开始析出SiO₂颗粒,且网络结构中的Q¹组分含量逐渐增多,导致红外光谱凝胶的透光率从91%以上下降至88.9%;室温下,未添加乙二醇时硅酸钾凝胶的变形速率为0.022 mm/h,随着乙二醇含量的增加,变形速率略微下降。当环境温度增加至60 ℃时,变形速率是室温时的25~27倍;当乙二醇含量为7.89%(质量分数)时,硅酸钾凝胶可在-12 ℃下保温6 h而不出现结冻现象。综上所述,在保证硅酸钾凝胶稳定性和透光率的条件下,其耐寒性能可低至-12 ℃。

关键词: 硅酸钾凝胶, 乙二醇, 网络结构, 稳定性, 透光率, 耐寒性能

Abstract: In order to improve the cold resistance and maintain the stability of potassium silicate gel, the influence of ethylene glycol content on the structure, optical properties, stability and cold resistance of potassium silicate gel was investigated by infrared spectroscopy, laser light scattering, rheological test and cold resistance test, etc. The results show that with the increase of ethylene glycol content, the content of Q^3' in the network structure ofpotassium silicate gel increases gradually, and the polymerization degree increases continuously, which improves the stability of potassium silicate gel and offsets the decrease in stability caused by the decrease in solid phase content. When the ethylene glycol content reaches 11.39% (mass fraction), SiO₂ particles begin to precipitate and the Q¹ content in the network structure of potassium silicate gel increases gradually, resulting in a decrease in the transmittance from above 91% to 88.9%. The deformation rate of potassium silicate gel without ethylene glycol is 0.022 mm/h at room temperature, which decreases slightly with the increase of ethylene glycol content. When the ambient temperature increases to 60 ℃, the deformation rate is 25~27 times comparing to that of room temperature. When the ethylene glycol content is 7.89% (mass fraction), the potassium silicate gel can be kept at -12 ℃ for 6 h without freezing. In summary, under the condition of ensuring the stability and transmittance of potassium silicate gel, the cold resistance can be as low as -12 ℃.

Key words: potassium silicate gel, ethylene glycol, network structure, stability, transmittance, cold resistance

中图分类号:

TQ171

徐磊, 祖成奎, 张凡, 陈玮. 乙二醇对硅酸钾凝胶结构与性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(11): 4089-4094.

XU Lei, ZU Chengkui, ZHANG Fan, CHEN Wei. Effect of Ethylene Glycol on Structure and Properties of Potassium Silicate Gel[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(11): 4089-4094.

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