海水浸泡下全固废胶凝材料的试验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了促进钢铁冶金渣与化工废渣的高值化利用,以钢渣、矿渣、碱渣、脱硫石膏为原材料,通过活性激发剂与全固废材料间的组合协同作用制备海洋牧场人工鱼礁胶凝材料。胶凝材料中钢渣掺量为16%(质量分数,下同),矿渣为64%,碱渣为8%,脱硫石膏为12%,胶砂试块28 d抗压强度为52.6 MPa,在某些场合具有取代硅酸盐水泥的潜力。研究了东海海水条件下净浆试块浸泡15个月龄期内,钢渣与矿渣掺比对净浆试块抗压强度发展的影响,通过XRD、SEM、MIP等表征方法研究了全固废胶凝材料体系的水化产物。结果表明:钢渣和矿渣之间具有协同水化作用,其水化产物主要为钙矾石(AFt)、C-S-H凝胶和Friedel盐(FS),非晶态的C-S-H凝胶将针棒状的AFt与FS紧密结合在一起,这是整个体系强度的主要来源。本研究为大宗固废的妥善安置提供了科学依据。

关键词: 全固废胶凝材料, 钢渣, 矿渣, 水化机理, 海水浸泡, 钙矾石(AFt)

Abstract: In order to promote the high-value utilization of iron and steel metallurgical slag and chemical waste slag, steel slag, blast furnace slag, soda residue and desulfurization gypsum were used as raw materials to prepare artificial reef cementitious materials for marine ranching through the combination and synergistic effect between active activator and solid waste materials. By mixing 16% (mass fraction, the same below) steel slag , 64% blast furnace slag, 8% soda residue and 12% desulfurized gypsum, the 28 d compressive strength of the mortar test block reaches 52.6 MPa, which has the potential to replace Portland cement in some cases. The influences of steel slag and blast furnace slag ratios on the compressive strength development of the net slurry test block soaked in seawater of East China sea in the 15 months were studied. Hydration products of the total solid waste cementitious materials system were studied through XRD, SEM and MIP characterization methods. The results show that there is a synergistic hydration between steel slag and blast furnace slag, and the main hydration products are ettringite (AFt), C-S-H gel and Friedel's salt (FS). The amorphous C-S-H gel, which binds AFt to FS, is the main source of strength of the whole system. The research provides scientific basis for the proper settlement of large amount of solid waste.

Key words: all solid waste cementitious material, steel slag, blast furnace slag, hydration mechanism, marine soak, ettringite(AFt)

中图分类号:

TU526

贾新松, 陈德平, 于晓伟, 郭林芳, 郝月涵, 薛三梅. 海水浸泡下全固废胶凝材料的试验研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(3): 913-921.

JIA Xinsong, CHEN Deping, YU Xiaowei, GUO Linfang, HAO Yuehan, XUE Sanmei. Experimental Study on Total Solid Waste Cementitious Materials Soaked in Seawater[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(3): 913-921.

参考文献

[1] 谷向民,侯京田.工业废渣在水泥工业中的应用研究[J].散装水泥,2021(1):8-9.
GU X M, HOU J T. Study on the application of industrial waste residue in cement industry[J]. Bulk Cement, 2021(1): 8-9 (in Chinese).
[2] 曾学敏.水泥工业能源消耗现状与节能潜力[J].中国水泥,2006(3):16-21.
ZENG X M. Present situation of energy consumption and energy saving potential in cement industry[J]. China Cement, 2006(3): 16-21 (in Chinese).
[3] 魏军晓,耿元波,沈镭,等.中国水泥生产与碳排放现状分析[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(8):80-86.
WEI J X, GENG Y B, SHEN L, et al. Analysis of Chinese cement production and CO₂ emission[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 38(8): 80-86 (in Chinese).
[4] 李礼,王立久.硅酸盐水泥绿色度的评价实例研究[J].混凝土,2019(10):80-83.
LI L, WANG L J. Application example of evaluation system of Portland cement greenness[J]. Concrete, 2019(10): 80-83 (in Chinese).
[5] LIU Z B, ZONG Y B, FENG H, et al. Influence of ferrum on crystallization and microstructure of steel slag based glass-ceramics[J]. Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society, 2015, 74(1): 29-34.
[6] GUO J L, BAO Y P, WANG M. Steel slag in China: treatment, recycling, and management[J]. Waste Management, 2018, 78: 318-330.
[7] JIANG Y, LING T C, SHI C J, et al. Characteristics of steel slags and their use in cement and concrete: a review[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2018, 136: 187-197.
[8] 陈应华.大亚湾大辣甲南人工鱼礁区的生态效应分析[D].广州:暨南大学,2009.
CHEN Y H. Analysis of ecological effects of southern dalajia island artificial reef area in daya bay[D]. Guangzhou: Jinan University, 2009 (in Chinese).
[9] 赵立杰,张芳.钢渣资源综合利用及发展前景展望[J].材料导报,2020,34(s2):1319-1322+1333.
ZHAO L J, ZHANG F. Comprehensive utilization and development prospect of steel slag resources full text replacement[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(s2): 1319-1322+1333 (in Chinese).
[10] 李琳琳,苏兴文,李晓阳,等.鞍钢钢渣矿渣制备人工鱼礁混凝土复合胶凝材料[J].硅酸盐通报,2012,31(1):117-122.
LI L L, SU X W, LI X Y, et al. Preparation of composite cementitious material for building artificial reefs concrete from angang steel slag and granulated high furnace slag[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2012, 31(1): 117-122 (in Chinese).
[11] 李颖,倪文,陈德平,等.大掺量冶金渣制备高强度人工鱼礁混凝土的试验研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2012,34(11):1308-1313.
LI Y, NI W, CHEN D P, et al. Experimental investigation on concrete made from iron and steel slags for building high-strength artificial reefs[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2012, 34(11): 1308-1313 (in Chinese).
[12] 崔孝炜,倪文,任超.钢渣矿渣基全固废胶凝材料的水化反应机理[J].材料研究学报,2017,31(9):687-694.
CUI X W, NI W, REN C. Hydration mechanism of all solid waste cementitious materials based on steel slag and blast furnace slag[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017(9): 687-694 (in Chinese).
[13] 李颖,吴保华,倪文,等.矿渣-钢渣-石膏体系早期水化反应中的协同作用[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2020,41(4):581-586.
LI Y, WU B H, NI W, et al. Synergies in early hydration reaction of slag-steel slag-gypsum system[J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2020, 41(4): 581-586 (in Chinese).
[14] WANG X, NI W, LI J J, et al. Carbonation of steel slag and gypsum for building materials and associated reaction mechanisms[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2019, 125: 105893.
[15] 徐东,倪文,汪群慧,等.碱渣复合胶凝材料制备无熟料混凝土[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2020,52(8):151-160.
XU D, NI W, WANG Q H, et al. Preparation of clinker-free concrete by using soda residue composite cementitious material[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020, 52(8): 151-160 (in Chinese).
[16] 于淼,倪文,刘佳,等.低碱度生态型人工鱼礁胶凝材料的初步研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2011(11):63-67.
YU M, NI W, LIU J, et al. Preliminary study on cementitious materials for ecotypic artificial reef with low alkalinity[J]. China Concrete and Cement Products, 2011(11): 63-67 (in Chinese).
[17] 陆磊,潘志宏,马舒奇,等.新型生态人工鱼礁材料性能试验研究[J].混凝土,2020(9):144-147.
LU L, PAN Z H, MA S Q, et al. Experimental study on the performance of new ecological artificial reef materials[J]. Concrete, 2020(9): 144-147 (in Chinese).
[18] GENG J J, ZHOU M, LI Y X, et al. Comparison of red mud and coal gangue blended geopolymers synthesized through thermal activation and mechanical grinding preactivation[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2017, 153: 185-192.
[19] LI Y Y, NI W, GAO W, et al. Corrosion evaluation of steel slag based on a leaching solution test[J]. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2019, 41(7): 790-801.
[20] MURAKAMI K, DOSHO Y, UEMURA K, et al. Concrete demolition and surface scraping using high voltage pulse discharge[J]. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 2018, 16(8): 358-367.
[21] DUAN C L, HAN J, ZHAO S, et al. The stripping effect of using high voltage electrical pulses breakage for waste printed circuit boards[J]. Waste Management, 2018, 77: 603-610.
[22] 姜梅芬,吕宪俊.混凝土早强剂的研究与应用进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(10):2527-2533.
JIANG M F, LV X J. Research and application progresses of concrete early strength agent[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2014, 33(10): 2527-2533 (in Chinese).
[23] 吴辉,倪文,崔孝炜,等.利用热闷钢渣制备低收缩铁路轨枕混凝土[J].材料热处理学报,2014,35(4):7-12.
WU H, NI W, CUI X W, et al. Preparation of concrete sleeper using hot steaming steel slag with low autogenous shrinkage[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2014, 35(4): 7-12 (in Chinese).
[24] 潘庆林.粒化高炉矿渣的水化机理探讨[J].水泥,2004(9):6-10.
PAN Q L. Study on mechanism of hydration of granulated blast furnace slag[J]. Cement, 2004(9): 6-10 (in Chinese).
[25] 贾艳涛.矿渣和粉煤灰水泥基材料的水化机理研究[D].南京:东南大学,2005.
JIA Y T. The hydration mechanism of the BFS and FA cement based materials[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2005 (in Chinese).
[26] WANG X, NI W, JIN R Z, et al. Formation of Friedel's salt using steel slag and potash mine brine water[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 220: 119-127.
[27] THOMAS J J, ALLEN A J, JENNINGS H M. Hydration kinetics and microstructure development of normal and CaCl₂-accelerated tricalcium silicate pastes[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(46): 19836-19844.
[28] HILL J, SHARP J H. The hydration products of Portland cement in the presence of tin(II) chloride[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2003, 33(1): 121-124.