混凝土碱硅酸反应膨胀预测模型的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文综述了混凝土碱硅酸反应(alkali-silica reaction, ASR)膨胀预测模型的研究现状,ASR对混凝土结构造成的损伤修复难度高,修复成本大,应对这类耐久性问题主要以预防为主,补救为辅,而精确的预测模型可以评估混凝土结构的实时状态,有助于抑制混凝土中的ASR。本文首先概述了混凝土ASR的过程和机理,然后详细介绍了ASR膨胀预测模型的研究现状。ASR建模过程中需要考虑反应物含量、温度、湿度、胶凝材料组成和骨料尺寸等多种因素的影响。ASR模型主要包括理论模型、结构模型(宏观模型)和材料模型(细观模型),理论模型主要用来描述ASR的化学机理和预测骨料的最劣粒径,但该模型只适用于特定类型的骨料;材料模型在材料层面上解释了受ASR影响的混凝土的劣化机理,却忽略了混凝土收缩和徐变等因素的影响;结构模型通常被用来模拟和预测混凝土结构在ASR下的力学行为,但未充分考虑碱硅酸膨胀的化学过程以及离子扩散对ASR膨胀的影响。

关键词: 混凝土, 耐久性, 混凝土结构, 碱硅酸反应, 膨胀预测模型

Abstract: This paper reviews the research status of the expansion prediction model of alkali-silica reaction (ASR). The damage caused by ASR to concrete structure is difficult to repair and the repair cost is high. To deal with this kind of durability problem, prevention is the main, and remedial is the secondary. Accurate prediction model can evaluate the real-time state of concrete structure and help to inhibit the ASR in concrete. This paper first summarizes the process and mechanism of ASR in concrete, and then introduces the research status of expansion prediction model of ASR in detail. Multiple factors such as reactant content, temperature, humidity, cementitious material composition and aggregate size should be considered in the process of ASR modeling. The model of ASR mainly includes theoretical model, structural model (macro model) and material model (meso model). The theoretical model is mainly used to describe the chemical mechanism of ASR and predict the worst particle size of aggregate, but the model is only applicable to specific types of aggregate; the material model explains the deterioration mechanism of concrete affected by ASR at the material level, but ignores the effects of concrete shrinkage and creep; the structural model is usually used to simulate and predict the mechanical behavior of concrete structures under ASR, but the chemical process of alkali-silica expansion and the effect of ion diffusion on ASR expansion are not fully considered.

Key words: concrete, durability, concrete structure, alkali-silica reaction, expansion prediction model

中图分类号:

TU528.04

龚青南, 王德辉. 混凝土碱硅酸反应膨胀预测模型的研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(12): 3891-3902.

GONG Qingnan, WANG Dehui. Review of Expansion Prediction Models for Alkali-Silica Reaction of Concrete[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2021, 40(12): 3891-3902.

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