硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 1094-1104.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1149
胥爽1(
), 徐驰1,2(
), 田昊东1, 拾润琪1, 祖成奎1
收稿日期:2025-11-18
修订日期:2025-12-15
出版日期:2026-03-20
发布日期:2026-04-10
通信作者:
徐 驰,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:xuchi@ cbma.com.cn作者简介:胥 爽(2001—),女,硕士研究生。主要从事玻璃与高分子粘接方面的研究。E-mail:xushuang0616@163.com
XU Shuang1(
), XU Chi1,2(
), TIAN Haodong1, SHI Runqi1, ZU Chengkui1
Received:2025-11-18
Revised:2025-12-15
Published:2026-03-20
Online:2026-04-10
摘要:
锂铝硅玻璃与聚氨酯胶片之间的界面粘接性能直接影响航空透明件的结构安全性与服役可靠性,等离子体表面改性是增强界面粘接性能的有效途径。本文对锂铝硅玻璃表面进行不同速率下的等离子体表面改性,采用静态接触角测量、扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对表面改性效果进行表征,并通过剥离实验定量评估界面粘接强度。此外,结合湿热老化与紫外辐照实验,对粘接界面的环境稳定性进行了评估。结果表明,等离子体表面改性速率为5 mm/s时,玻璃表面能的极性分量提升至42.87 mN/m,表面形成均匀的纳米级粗糙形貌,含氧官能团含量在此条件下达到峰值,表面改性取得了最为理想的效果。锂铝硅玻璃与聚氨酯胶片复合后仍保持较高的可见光透过率和较低的雾度,界面剥离强度达到23 620 N/m。经湿热与紫外环境老化后,该参数下改性的界面同样表现出最优的稳定性,性能衰减程度最低。通过控制等离子体表面改性速率可有效调控锂铝硅玻璃的表面能状态与化学组成,从而显著增强其与聚氨酯的界面粘接性能,研究结果对航空透明件材料界面的可靠性设计与工艺优化具有指导价值。
中图分类号:
胥爽, 徐驰, 田昊东, 拾润琪, 祖成奎. 等离子体改性对锂铝硅玻璃-聚氨酯界面粘接性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(3): 1094-1104.
XU Shuang, XU Chi, TIAN Haodong, SHI Runqi, ZU Chengkui. Effect of Plasma Modification on Bonding Performance of Lithium Aluminosilicate Glass-Polyurethane Interface[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(3): 1094-1104.
| Test liquid | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Deionized water(H2O) | 72.10 | 19.90 | 52.20 |
| Diiodomethane(C2I2) | 50.00 | 47.40 | 2.60 |
表1 去离子水和二碘甲烷的表面能
Table 1 Surface tension values of deionized water and diiodomethane
| Test liquid | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Deionized water(H2O) | 72.10 | 19.90 | 52.20 |
| Diiodomethane(C2I2) | 50.00 | 47.40 | 2.60 |
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Static contact angle/(°) | Surface energy/ (mN·m-1) | Polar component/ (mN·m-1) | Dispersive component/ (mN·m-1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | C2I2 | ||||
| Untreated | 53.00 | 47.50 | 48.77 | 24.52 | 24.25 |
| 9 | 22.13 | 31.20 | 68.13 | 40.62 | 27.50 |
| 7 | 21.30 | 31.83 | 68.39 | 41.22 | 27.17 |
| 5 | 15.00 | 28.70 | 70.78 | 42.87 | 27.91 |
| 3 | 27.00 | 34.00 | 65.74 | 39.05 | 26.69 |
| 1 | 31.12 | 37.67 | 63.29 | 37.59 | 25.70 |
表2 不同等离子体表面改性速率下玻璃表面的静态接触角及表面能
Table 2 Static contact angle and surface energy of glass at different plasma surface modification rates
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Static contact angle/(°) | Surface energy/ (mN·m-1) | Polar component/ (mN·m-1) | Dispersive component/ (mN·m-1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | C2I2 | ||||
| Untreated | 53.00 | 47.50 | 48.77 | 24.52 | 24.25 |
| 9 | 22.13 | 31.20 | 68.13 | 40.62 | 27.50 |
| 7 | 21.30 | 31.83 | 68.39 | 41.22 | 27.17 |
| 5 | 15.00 | 28.70 | 70.78 | 42.87 | 27.91 |
| 3 | 27.00 | 34.00 | 65.74 | 39.05 | 26.69 |
| 1 | 31.12 | 37.67 | 63.29 | 37.59 | 25.70 |
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Mole fraction/% | Atomic ratio | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | O | N | Si | O/C | N/C | O/Si | |
| Untreated | 33.16 | 46.78 | 0.79 | 19.28 | 1.41 | 0.02 | 2.41 |
| 9 | 31.38 | 52.05 | 2.47 | 14.11 | 1.65 | 0.08 | 3.68 |
| 7 | 28.01 | 51.45 | 2.31 | 18.43 | 1.83 | 0.08 | 2.79 |
| 5 | 25.90 | 52.22 | 2.68 | 19.20 | 2.02 | 0.10 | 2.71 |
| 3 | 31.22 | 49.25 | 2.67 | 16.40 | 1.57 | 0.09 | 3.00 |
| 1 | 32.06 | 51.02 | 1.25 | 15.57 | 1.56 | 0.04 | 3.23 |
表3 不同等离子体表面改性速率下玻璃表面元素的含量变化
Table 3 Changes in content of elements on glass surface at different plasma surface modification rates
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Mole fraction/% | Atomic ratio | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | O | N | Si | O/C | N/C | O/Si | |
| Untreated | 33.16 | 46.78 | 0.79 | 19.28 | 1.41 | 0.02 | 2.41 |
| 9 | 31.38 | 52.05 | 2.47 | 14.11 | 1.65 | 0.08 | 3.68 |
| 7 | 28.01 | 51.45 | 2.31 | 18.43 | 1.83 | 0.08 | 2.79 |
| 5 | 25.90 | 52.22 | 2.68 | 19.20 | 2.02 | 0.10 | 2.71 |
| 3 | 31.22 | 49.25 | 2.67 | 16.40 | 1.57 | 0.09 | 3.00 |
| 1 | 32.06 | 51.02 | 1.25 | 15.57 | 1.56 | 0.04 | 3.23 |
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| C—C | C—O/C—N | C O | |
| Untreated | 77.78 | 18.48 | 3.73 |
| 9 | 74.77 | 15.04 | 8.78 |
| 7 | 70.93 | 16.55 | 12.52 |
| 5 | 69.01 | 19.03 | 11.97 |
| 3 | 70.02 | 21.98 | 7.09 |
| 1 | 75.49 | 18.64 | 5.87 |
表4 不同等离子体表面改性速率下玻璃表面含碳基团含量变化
Table 4 Variation of carbon group content on glass surface at different plasma surface modification rates
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| C—C | C—O/C—N | C O | |
| Untreated | 77.78 | 18.48 | 3.73 |
| 9 | 74.77 | 15.04 | 8.78 |
| 7 | 70.93 | 16.55 | 12.52 |
| 5 | 69.01 | 19.03 | 11.97 |
| 3 | 70.02 | 21.98 | 7.09 |
| 1 | 75.49 | 18.64 | 5.87 |
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Si—OH | Si—O—Si | Si—O—C | |
| Untreated | 29.48 | 64.83 | 5.69 |
| 9 | 40.26 | 47.29 | 12.45 |
| 7 | 54.55 | 34.87 | 10.58 |
| 5 | 62.52 | 25.93 | 11.55 |
| 3 | 40.55 | 49.41 | 10.04 |
| 1 | 31.07 | 56.85 | 12.08 |
表5 不同等离子体表面改性速率下玻璃表面含硅基团含量变化
Table 5 Variation of silicon group content on glass surface at different plasma surface modification rates
Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Mole fraction/% | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Si—OH | Si—O—Si | Si—O—C | |
| Untreated | 29.48 | 64.83 | 5.69 |
| 9 | 40.26 | 47.29 | 12.45 |
| 7 | 54.55 | 34.87 | 10.58 |
| 5 | 62.52 | 25.93 | 11.55 |
| 3 | 40.55 | 49.41 | 10.04 |
| 1 | 31.07 | 56.85 | 12.08 |
| Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Untreated | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peel strength/(N·m-1) | 17 798 | 20 673 | 21 541 | 23 620 | 19 222 | 18 724 |
| Strength enhancement/% | 0 | 16.2 | 21.0 | 32.7 | 8.0 | 5.2 |
表6 不同等离子体表面改性速率下样品的剥离强度
Table 6 Peel strength of samples at different plasma surface modification rates
| Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Untreated | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peel strength/(N·m-1) | 17 798 | 20 673 | 21 541 | 23 620 | 19 222 | 18 724 |
| Strength enhancement/% | 0 | 16.2 | 21.0 | 32.7 | 8.0 | 5.2 |
| Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Peel strength after 100 h/(N·m-1) | Peel strength after 200 h/(N·m-1) | Peel strength after 300 h/(N·m-1) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| Untreated | 14 122 | 15 610 | 16 410 | 17 423 | 11 202 | 14 562 | 14 933 | 16 819 | 8 638 | 13 399 | 14 226 | 16 583 |
| 9 | 18 235 | 19 016 | 17 520 | 20 642 | 16 603 | 18 157 | 16 394 | 20 340 | 14 848 | 17 644 | 15 733 | 19 673 |
| 7 | 19 698 | 20 615 | 18 701 | 20 801 | 17 821 | 20 024 | 17 805 | 20 657 | 16 386 | 19 039 | 16 875 | 20 427 |
| 5 | 22 113 | 23 104 | 21 606 | 23 117 | 20 871 | 22 591 | 20 728 | 22 821 | 19 635 | 22 005 | 19 934 | 22 841 |
| 3 | 17 630 | 17 928 | 17 816 | 18 703 | 15 812 | 17 523 | 16 837 | 18 719 | 14 354 | 16 645 | 15 786 | 18 386 |
| 1 | 16 786 | 17 101 | 17 645 | 18 530 | 15 113 | 16 611 | 16 015 | 18 118 | 12 800 | 15 967 | 15 384 | 17 861 |
表7 不同条件下界面90°剥离强度数据
Table 7 Interface 90° peel strength data under different conditions
| Plasma surface modification rate/(mm·s-1) | Peel strength after 100 h/(N·m-1) | Peel strength after 200 h/(N·m-1) | Peel strength after 300 h/(N·m-1) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| Untreated | 14 122 | 15 610 | 16 410 | 17 423 | 11 202 | 14 562 | 14 933 | 16 819 | 8 638 | 13 399 | 14 226 | 16 583 |
| 9 | 18 235 | 19 016 | 17 520 | 20 642 | 16 603 | 18 157 | 16 394 | 20 340 | 14 848 | 17 644 | 15 733 | 19 673 |
| 7 | 19 698 | 20 615 | 18 701 | 20 801 | 17 821 | 20 024 | 17 805 | 20 657 | 16 386 | 19 039 | 16 875 | 20 427 |
| 5 | 22 113 | 23 104 | 21 606 | 23 117 | 20 871 | 22 591 | 20 728 | 22 821 | 19 635 | 22 005 | 19 934 | 22 841 |
| 3 | 17 630 | 17 928 | 17 816 | 18 703 | 15 812 | 17 523 | 16 837 | 18 719 | 14 354 | 16 645 | 15 786 | 18 386 |
| 1 | 16 786 | 17 101 | 17 645 | 18 530 | 15 113 | 16 611 | 16 015 | 18 118 | 12 800 | 15 967 | 15 384 | 17 861 |
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