三种莫来石对耐火材料抗Na2CO3熔体侵蚀性能的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 化工废液中K⁺、Na⁺等碱离子的渗透及侵蚀是造成耐火材料损毁的主要原因,有效抑制碱液渗透有助于提高热处理设备的使用寿命,而单纯降低气孔率会恶化其热震稳定性。本文研究了Na₂CO₃熔体对莫来石质耐火材料的润湿、侵蚀及渗透过程,从润湿性的角度探讨不同耐火材料抗碱液渗透的差异。分别以高纯烧结莫来石、电熔莫来石和普通烧结莫来石三种莫来石和红柱石、黏土为原料,通过机压成型、高温烧成制备莫来石质耐火材料。以Na₂CO₃为碱蚀熔剂,利用静态坩埚法在900 ℃下进行碱蚀试验,通过X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜等测试方法,对碱蚀前后的坩埚试样进行物相组成及显微结构分析,研究碱熔剂对不同基体的润湿性。结果表明,所有莫来石质耐火材料试样均未发生破坏,表现出较优的抗侵蚀性。各组试样抗Na₂CO₃熔体渗透的能力不同,高纯烧结莫来石制备的试样具有最优的抗侵蚀和抗渗透能力,而电熔莫来石和普通烧结莫来石试样的抗渗透能力较差,这与Na₂CO₃熔体对它们的润湿难易程度有关。本试验从高温润湿性角度分析了不同耐火材料之间的抗碱蚀能力差异,为研究和生产具有优良抗侵蚀性能的铝硅系耐火材料提供了新的思路和理论依据。

关键词: 耐火材料, 莫来石, Na₂CO₃熔体, 润湿性, 侵蚀, 渗透

Abstract: The main reason for the damage of refractories is the penetration and corrosion by alkali ions such as K⁺ and Na⁺ in chemical waste liquid. Effective inhibition of alkali melt penetration is helpful to improve the service life of heat treatment equipment, but the method of simply reducing porosity may deteriorate its thermal shock stability. In this paper, the wetting, corrosion and penetration processes of refractories by Na₂CO₃ melt were studied, and the difference of alkali penetration resistance of different refractories was discussed from the point of view of wettability. Therefore, three types of mullite (high purity sintered mullite, fused mullite and ordinary sintered mullite), andalusite and clay were used as raw materials to prepare refractories by mechanical press forming and high temperature sintering. The alkali corrosion experiment was carried out at 900 ℃ by static crucible method with Na₂CO₃ as alkali corrosive agent. The phase and microstructure of the specimens before and after alkali corrosion were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope, and the wettability of alkali melt to different substrates was tested. The results show that all materials are not damaged, showing excellent corrosion resistance. The ability of each group of specimens to resist the penetration of Na₂CO₃ melt is different. The specimens prepared by high purity sintered mullite have the best corrosion and penetration resistance, while the specimens prepared by fused mullite and ordinary sintered mullite have poor penetration resistance, which is related to the wetting ability of Na₂CO₃ melt to them. In this experiment, the difference of alkali corrosion resistance between refractories is analyzed from the perspective of high temperature wettability, which provided a new idea and theoretical basis for the research and production of aluminum-silicon refractories with excellent corrosion resistance.

Key words: refractory, mullite, Na₂CO₃ melt, wettability, corrosion, penetration

中图分类号:

TQ175

徐志刚, 夏熠, 慕熠钊. 三种莫来石对耐火材料抗Na₂CO₃熔体侵蚀性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(5): 1958-1964.

XU Zhigang, XIA Yi, MU Yizhao. Effect of Three Types of Mullite on Corrosion Resistance of Refractories to Na₂CO₃ Melt[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(5): 1958-1964.

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三种莫来石对耐火材料抗Na₂CO₃熔体侵蚀性能的影响

Effect of Three Types of Mullite on Corrosion Resistance of Refractories to Na₂CO₃ Melt

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