3D打印陶瓷坯体热脱脂机理与工艺研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用3D打印成型技术制备先进陶瓷往往需要添加大量有机粘结剂,陶瓷坯体中的有机粘结剂主要通过热脱脂工艺排出,故热脱脂工艺对3D打印的素坯质量具有重要影响,是实现高质量先进陶瓷制备和应用的关键。本文综述了具有代表性的3D打印陶瓷坯体中热脱脂的理论和实践问题。从有机粘结剂的组成和作用出发,比较了不同分子量有机粘结剂的受热排除方式;讨论了有机粘结剂与陶瓷颗粒表面间的相互作用及脱脂气氛对有机粘结剂热裂解的影响;描述了热脱脂过程的三个阶段及坯体结构的变化;分析了热脱脂过程中三种主要的传质途径:液相在毛细管力作用下的迁移,气相在液相中的扩散和气相在气孔中的扩散或渗透;归纳了在热脱脂过程及此前的工艺步骤中可能导致开裂或变形等缺陷的原因,并提出了相应的控制措施。

关键词: 3D打印成型, 热脱脂, 粘结剂, 热裂解, 脱脂机制, 缺陷

Abstract: Organic binders are always necessary for the fabrication of advanced ceramics by 3D-printing, which are mainly discharged from the ceramic green bodies through a thermal debinding process. Thermal debinding process of organic binders thus has a significant impact on the quality of 3D-printed green bodies and is crucial for fabricating high-quality advanced ceramics to implement applications. Theory and practice in the thermal debinding process of the representative 3D-printed green bodies were reviewed.Based on the composition and function of organic binders, the heat removal methods of different molecular weight organic binders were compared. The interaction between organic binders and ceramic particle surface and the effect of degreasing atmosphere on thermal degradation of organic binders were discussed. Then the thermal debinding process was divided into three stages and the development of the green body structure was described. Three mass transfer channels were analyzed: liquid was transferred by the capillary force, vapor diffused in the liquid phase, and vapor diffused or permeated through the pore nets. Origin causes of the defects such as cracks and distortion lying in the thermal debinding process and the previous steps were analyzed and some control measures were put forward.

Key words: 3D printing, thermal debinding, binder, thermal degradation, debinding mechanism: defect

中图分类号:

TB321

罗煌阳, 杨现锋, 刘子玉, 刘鹏, 徐协文, 谢志鹏. 3D打印陶瓷坯体热脱脂机理与工艺研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(10): 3772-3786.

LUO Huangyang, YANG Xianfeng, LIU Ziyu, LIU Peng, XU Xiewen, XIE Zhipeng. Research Progress of Mechanism and Process of Thermal Debinding in 3D-Printed Ceramic Green Body[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(10): 3772-3786.

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